ListView.builder 的奇怪行为及其索引

Question

我正在使用 ListView.builder 和 StreamBuilder 从 Firebase 获取用户消息。我已经为聊天的日期分离实现了自己的登录。通过它我在聊天之间生成自定义日期消息，以便不同日期的聊天有明确的分隔。但奇怪的是我来到了列表视图的这种行为：

我猜这是因为 Listview 重用了小部件，并且我在我的代码中使用了基于索引的逻辑来生成日期消息。如果这个问题无法解决，请建议我另一种显示日期和单独聊天的方法，比如 whatsapp

这是代码：

    StreamBuilder(
          stream: FirebaseFirestore.instance
              .collection('chat')
              .orderBy(
                'createdAt',
                descending: true,
              ) //by default it is in accending order.
              .snapshots(), //with ordering by timestamps!
          builder: (ctx, chatSnapshot) {
            if (chatSnapshot.connectionState == ConnectionState.waiting) {
              return Center(
                child: AdaptiveCircularProgressIndicator(),
              );
            }
    
            final chatDocs = chatSnapshot.data.docs;
            // print('CHATS_DATA : ${chatDocs.data()}');
            for (int i = 0; i < chatDocs.length; i++) {
              print(
                  'data for index : $i\n\t on ${getDateStr(chatDocs[i].data()['createdAt'])} ${chatDocs[i].data()['username']} : ${chatDocs[i].data()['text']}');
            }
            return ListView.builder(
              // addSemanticIndexes: false,
              // addAutomaticKeepAlives: false,
              // addRepaintBoundaries: false,
              // cacheExtent: 10,
              reverse: true,
              itemBuilder: (ctx, index) {
                var putMessage;
                bool putDate = false;
                String currentDate;
                var nextDate;
                if (index == 0) {
                  datesMessage = getDateStr(chatDocs[index].data()['createdAt']);
    
                  currentDate = datesMessage;
                } else {
                  currentDate = getDateStr(chatDocs[index].data()['createdAt']);
                }
                if (index != chatDocs.length - 1)
                  nextDate = getDateStr(chatDocs[index + 1].data()['createdAt']);
    
                // print('for $index : $datesMessage $currentDate');
                bool loadNew = (index == chatDocs.length - 1) ||
                    (index != chatDocs.length - 1 &&
                        chatDocs[index + 1].data()['userId'] !=
                            chatDocs[index].data()['userId']) ||
                    (currentDate != nextDate);
    
                if (index != 0 && datesMessage != currentDate) {
                  putMessage = datesMessage;
                  datesMessage = currentDate;
                  putDate = true;
                  print('date changed.');
                } else {
                  putDate = false;
                }
    
                return Column(
                  children: [
                    // if (index == chatDocs.length - 1) Text(currentDate),
                    if (loadNew)
                      SizedBox(
                        height: 15,
                      ),
                    MessageBubble(
                      chatDocs[index].data()['createdAt'],
                      loadNew ? true : false,
                      chatDocs[index].data()['text'],
                      chatDocs[index].data()['username'],
                      chatDocs[index].data()['userImage'] ?? _defaultProfileImage,
                      chatDocs[index].data()['userId'] ==
                          user.uid, //checks wheather the message is mine or the other user.
                      key: ValueKey(
                        chatDocs[index]
                            .id, //this will ensure that flutter will efficiently re render the UI !
                      ),
                    ),
                    if (putDate)
                      Container(
                        margin: EdgeInsets.only(top: 15),
                        padding: EdgeInsets.all(5),
                        child: Text(
                          putMessage,
                          style: TextStyle(
                            color: Colors.white,
                          ),
                        ),
                        decoration: BoxDecoration(
                          color: Colors.blueGrey,
                          borderRadius: BorderRadius.circular(5),
                        ),
                      ),
                  ],
                );
              },
              itemCount: chatDocs.length,
            );
          },
        );

[查看日期消息，它正在从 7 月 21 日更改为 7 月 19 日！]

<a href="/link/to/site">
  <img src="https://media.giphy.com/media/C2EcGHt68LEW0QAqJP/giphy.gif" />
</a>

这是完整的 GIF：

https://media.giphy.com/media/C2EcGHt68LEW0QAqJP/giphy.gif 抱歉，我不能在这里上传 GIF，因为它超过了大小限制:(

这是我从 Firebase 获取的数据如果有人需要：

I/flutter (14440): data for index : 0
I/flutter (14440):   on July 21, 2021 Kamini : Wow
I/flutter (14440): data for index : 1
I/flutter (14440):   on July 21, 2021 Kamini : Hi 
I/flutter (14440): data for index : 2
I/flutter (14440):   on July 21, 2021 Aayush : Hiiii
I/flutter (14440): data for index : 3
I/flutter (14440):   on July 21, 2021 Aayush : Hello
I/flutter (14440): data for index : 4
I/flutter (14440):   on July 21, 2021 Aayush : 
I/flutter (14440): data for index : 5
I/flutter (14440):   on July 21, 2021 Aayush : Hellooooo 
I/flutter (14440): data for index : 6
I/flutter (14440):   on July 21, 2021 Kamini : Hi there 
I/flutter (14440): data for index : 7
I/flutter (14440):   on July 19, 2021 Harshal : Sorry to bother you 
I/flutter (14440): data for index : 8
I/flutter (14440):   on July 19, 2021 Harshal : Okay, I understand that.
I/flutter (14440): data for index : 9
I/flutter (14440):   on July 19, 2021 Harshal : Do you mind confirming your billing address for me?
I/flutter (14440): data for index : 10
I/flutter (14440):   on July 19, 2021 Aayush : Thanks so much for being patient! We’ll be with you soon.
I/flutter (14440): data for index : 11
I/flutter (14440):   on July 19, 2021 Harshal : Yup  
I/flutter (14440): data for index : 12
I/flutter (14440):   on July 19, 2021 Aayush : Did you get it?
I/flutter (14440): data for index : 13
I/flutter (14440):   on July 19, 2021 Aayush : Welcome
I/flutter (14440): data for index : 14
I/flutter (14440):   on July 19, 2021 Harshal : Yeah, Perfect
I/flutter (14440): data for index : 15
I/flutter (14440):   on July 19, 2021 Aayush : Got it?
I/flutter (14440): data for index : 16
I/flutter (14440):   on July 19, 2021 Aayush : something like this...
I/flutter (14440): data for index : 17
I/flutter (14440):   on July 19, 2021 Aayush : I appreciate you explaining that to me. I’m going to connect you to our AayushTheApple team. I’ll let them know what you’re reaching out about. 
I/flutter (14440): data for index : 18
I/flutter (14440):   on July 19, 2021 Harshal : I can see why you’d want that! I’m sorry, but it’s not something that we currently offer right now.
I/flutter (14440): data for index : 19
I/flutter (14440):   on July 19, 2021 Harshal : I hear you. I’m sorry that you’re still having trouble with this. I’m going to talk to my team to see what else we can do here.
I/flutter (14440): data for index : 20
I/flutter (14440):   on July 19, 2021 Aayush : Nobody is perfect. There will come a time where every single customer service representative has to apologize. Apologies are more valuable than credits or discounts. They’re an essential tool in your team’s toolkits.
I/flutter (14440): data for index : 21
I/flutter (14440):   on July 19, 2021 Harshal : Do you mind if we start a co-browsing session so I can help you with this process?
I/flutter (14440): data for index : 22
I/flutter (14440):   on July 19, 2021 Harshal : Sure, why not?
I/flutter (14440): data for index : 23
I/flutter (14440):   on July 17, 2021 Aayush : I think it might be easier if we could co-browse to address your issue. We’ll need to access your screen. Is that alright?

Answer 1

您可以使用 ListView.separated() 来完成。

下面的逻辑可能有点混乱，但我已经尽力描述它了:) 请阅读代码中的注释。

import 'package:flutter/material.dart';
import 'package:intl/intl.dart';

class Message {
  final DateTime dateSent;
  final String text;

  Message({
    required this.dateSent,
    required this.text,
  });
}

class SomePage extends StatelessWidget {
  final separatorDateFormatter =
      DateFormat('dd MMM yyyy'); // Date Formatter for the separator

  Widget build(BuildContext context) {
    // We will generate some data to work with as an example
    final messages = <Message>[];
    // Generate 10 days
    for (var day = 1; day < 11; day++) {
      final time = DateTime.now().subtract(Duration(days: day));
      // With 3 messages for each day
      for (var i = 1; i < 4; i++) {
        final messageTime = time.subtract(Duration(hours: i));
        messages.add(Message(
          dateSent: messageTime,
          text: 'Day $day, Message #$i, Time $messageTime',
        ));
      }
    }

    return Scaffold(
      backgroundColor: Colors.grey[400],
      appBar: AppBar(
        title: Text('ListView.separated'),
      ),
      body: ListView.separated(
        // We add +1 to the actual list size so that we can build the very first separator (conversation start date)
        itemCount: messages.length + (messages.isNotEmpty ? 1 : 0),
        // Your message widget here
        itemBuilder: (context, index) {
          if (index == 0) {
            final firstMessage = messages.first;
            return _buildDateSeparator(firstMessage.dateSent);
          }
          final message = messages.elementAt(index - 1);
          return _messageWidget(message);
        },
        // This is the place to build the date separator
        separatorBuilder: (context, index) {
          // If index is 0, the return nothing (since we have added +1 to the count above)
          if (index == 0) return SizedBox();

          // We take current Message from the list (as usual, -1 because of increased length above)
          final currentMessage = messages.elementAt(index - 1);

          // We get the next message from the list
          // No need to check if the message might be null, since **separatorBuilder()** will not be called after the last entry of the list
          final nextMessage = messages.elementAt(index);

          // Compare it's date to the current one
          if (!_isSameDate(currentMessage, nextMessage)) {
            // Return date separator if the date doesn't match
            return _buildDateSeparator(nextMessage.dateSent);
          }

          // Return nothing otherwise
          return SizedBox();
        },
      ),
    );
  }

  // The function that compares the date between two messages
  // This code can be exported to some helper class or refactored in to an Extension for DateTime class
  bool _isSameDate(Message message1, Message message2) =>
      message1.dateSent.year == message2.dateSent.year &&
      message1.dateSent.month == message2.dateSent.month &&
      message1.dateSent.day == message2.dateSent.day;

  Widget _messageWidget(Message message) => Container(
        height: 40.0,
        color: Colors.grey,
        margin: EdgeInsets.symmetric(
          vertical: 5.0,
        ),
        child: Center(
          child: Text(message.text),
        ),
      );

  Widget _buildDateSeparator(DateTime date) => Container(
        child: Center(
          child: Text(separatorDateFormatter.format(date)),
        ),
      );
}

另请注意，ListView.separated() 不会在列表的第一项之前和之后调用 separatorBuilder()最后一个（仅在项目之间）。因此，为了显示初始日期分隔符（对话开始日期），我们必须将 itemCount 增加 1，并在我们想要 select 当前列表条目时将索引减少 1 .

Answer 2

我相信您是对的，这是由于 ListView.builder 重复使用小部件造成的。要解决这个问题，您可以给每个 dateSeparator 一个 GlobalObjectKey(date)。像这样：

Widget _buildDateSeparator(DateTime date) => Container(
    child: Center(
    key: GlobalObjectKey(date),
      child: Text(separatorDateFormatter.format(date)),
    ),
  );

我没有测试过，但我以前遇到过类似的问题。

Answer 3

感谢@Thepeanut，应用他提供的逻辑后，这是最终的工作代码：

StreamBuilder(
      stream: FirebaseFirestore.instance
          .collection('chat')
          .orderBy(
            'createdAt',
            descending: true,
          ) //by default it is in accending order.
          .snapshots(), //with ordering by timestamps!
      builder: (ctx, chatSnapshot) {
        if (chatSnapshot.connectionState == ConnectionState.waiting) {
          return Center(
            child: AdaptiveCircularProgressIndicator(false),
          );
        }

        final chatDocs = chatSnapshot.data.docs;
        // print('CHATS_DATA : ${chatDocs.data()}');
        for (int i = 0; i < chatDocs.length; i++) {
          print(
              'data for index : $i\n\t on ${getDateStr(chatDocs[i].data()['createdAt'])} ${chatDocs[i].data()['username']} : ${chatDocs[i].data()['text']}');
        }

        return ListView.separated(
          reverse: true,
          itemBuilder: (context, index) {
            // bool loadNew = false;
            bool loadNew = (index == chatDocs.length - 1) ||
                (index != chatDocs.length - 1 &&
                    chatDocs[index + 1].data()['userId'] !=
                        chatDocs[index].data()['userId']);
            if (index == chatDocs.length - 1) {
              var dateMessage = getDateStr(chatDocs[index].data()['createdAt']);
              print(
                  'index end : itembuilder. DateSepator builded. || $dateMessage');
              return Column(
                children: [
                  _buildDateSeparator(dateMessage),
                  _buildMessage(
                    chatDocs: chatDocs,
                    loadNew: loadNew,
                    index: index,
                    user: user,
                  ),
                ],
              );
            }
            print(
                'index $index : itembuilder. Message builded. || ${chatDocs[index].data()['text']}');
            return _buildMessage(
              chatDocs: chatDocs,
              loadNew: loadNew,
              index: index,
              user: user,
            );
          },
          separatorBuilder: (context, index) {
            if (index == chatDocs.length - 1) {
              print('\tno separator.');
              return SizedBox();
            }
            final currentMessageDate =
                chatDocs[index].data()['createdAt'].toDate();
            // if (index == chatDocs.length - 1) {
            //   var dateMessage =
            //       getDateStr(chatDocs[index - 1].data()['createdAt']);
            //   return _buildDateSeparator(dateMessage);
            // }
            // print('accessing overflow : $index ${chatDocs.length}');
            final nextMessageDate =
                chatDocs[index + 1].data()['createdAt'].toDate();
            if (!_isSameDate(currentMessageDate, nextMessageDate)) {
              var dateMessage = getDateStr(chatDocs[index].data()['createdAt']);
              print('\tDate separator. || $dateMessage');
              return _buildDateSeparator(dateMessage);
            }
            print('\tno separator end.');
            return SizedBox();
          },
          itemCount: chatDocs.length,
          // itemCount: chatDocs.length + (chatDocs.isNotEmpty ? 1 : 0),
        );
      },
    )

附加功能：

Widget _buildDateSeparator(String dateMessage) {
    return Row(
      mainAxisAlignment: MainAxisAlignment.center,
      children: [
        Container(
          // key: GlobalObjectKey(putMessage),
          margin: EdgeInsets.only(top: 15),
          padding: EdgeInsets.all(5),
          child: Text(
            dateMessage,
            textAlign: TextAlign.center,
            style: TextStyle(
              color: Colors.white,
            ),
          ),
          constraints: BoxConstraints(),
          decoration: BoxDecoration(
            color: Colors.blueGrey,
            borderRadius: BorderRadius.circular(5),
          ),
        ),
      ],
    );
  }

  Widget _buildMessage({
    @required var chatDocs,
    @required bool loadNew,
    @required int index,
    @required var user,
  }) {
    return Column(
      children: [
        if (loadNew)
          SizedBox(
            height: 15,
          ),
        MessageBubble(
          chatDocs[index].data()['createdAt'],
          loadNew ? true : false,
          chatDocs[index].data()['text'],
          chatDocs[index].data()['username'],
          chatDocs[index].data()['userImage'] ?? _defaultProfileImage,
          chatDocs[index].data()['userId'] ==
              user.uid, //checks wheather the message is mine or the other user.
          key: ValueKey(
            chatDocs[index]
                .id, //this will ensure that flutter will efficiently re render the UI !
          ),
        ),
      ],
    );
  }

  bool _isSameDate(DateTime date1, DateTime date2) {
    return date1.year == date2.year &&
        date1.month == date2.month &&
        date1.day == date2.day;
  }

参考他的逻辑和必要的评论！

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