Django：数据库配置不当，请提供引擎值。 （多个数据库）
Django: DATABASES IMPROPERLY CONFIGURED, Please supply engine value. (Multiple databases)
大家好，我想在我的 django 项目中使用 2 个 postgres 数据库，一个用于保存用户数据，另一个用于保存其他内容，但是当我尝试 运行 createsuperuser 但我能够 运行 makemigrations 和 migrate --database=users_db 以及其他数据库也是如此。
raise ImproperlyConfigured("settings.DATABASES is improperly configured. "
django.core.exceptions.ImproperlyConfigured: settings.DATABASES is improperly configured. Please supply the ENGINE value. Check settings documentation for more details.
在 django 文档中，他们提到可以将 default 字典留空。
If the concept of a default database doesn’t make sense in the context of your project, you need to be careful to always specify the database that you want to use. Django requires that a default database entry be defined, but the parameters dictionary can be left blank if it will not be used. To do this, you must set up DATABASE_ROUTERS for all of your apps’ models, including those in any contrib and third-party apps you’re using, so that no queries are routed to the default database.
这是settings.py
DATABASES = {
'default': {},
'users_db': {
'ENGINE': 'django.db.backends.postgresql_psycopg2',
'NAME': 'users_db',
'USER': 'postgres',
'PASSWORD': 'Trial_user123',
'HOST':'127.0.0.1',
'PORT':'5432',
},
'content_db': {
'ENGINE': 'django.db.backends.postgresql_psycopg2',
'NAME': 'content_II',
'USER': 'postgres',
'PASSWORD': 'Trial_user123',
'HOST':'127.0.0.1',
'PORT':'5432',
},
}
DATABASE_ROUTERS = ['personal.routers.db_routers.AuthRouter', 'personal.routers.db_routers.PersonalDBRouter', ]
这是db_routers.py
class AuthRouter:
route_app_labels = {'sessions', 'auth', 'contenttypes', 'admin', 'accounts'}
def db_for_read(self, model, **hints):
if model._meta.app_label in self.route_app_labels:
return 'users_db'
return None
def db_for_read(self, model, **hints):
if model._meta.app_label in self.route_app_labels:
return 'users_db'
return None
def allow_relation(self, obj1, obj2, **hints):
if (
obj1._meta.app_label in self.route_app_labels or
obj2._meta.app_label in self.route_app_labels
):
return True
return None
def allow_migrate(self, db, app_label, model_name=None, **hints):
if app_label in self.route_app_labels:
return 'users_db'
return None
class PersonalDBRouter:
route_app_labels = {'actions', 'blog', 'token_blacklist', 'taggit', 'django_celery_beat', 'django_celery_results',}
def db_for_read(self, model, **hints):
if model._meta.app_label in self.route_app_labels:
return 'content_db'
return None
def db_for_read(self, model, **hints):
if model._meta.app_label in self.route_app_labels:
return 'content_db'
return None
def allow_relation(self, obj1, obj2, **hints):
if (
obj1._meta.app_label in self.route_app_labels or
obj2._meta.app_label in self.route_app_labels
):
return True
return None
def allow_migrate(self, db, app_label, model_name=None, **hints):
if app_label in self.route_app_labels:
return 'content_db'
return None
这是客户经理，当我尝试 运行 createsuperuser 时，它在 create_user 保存的行中显示错误。
class MyAccountManager(BaseUserManager):
def create_user(self, email, username, first_name, last_name, password=None):
if not email:
raise ValueError('Users must have an email address')
if not username:
raise ValueError('Users must have a username')
if not first_name:
raise ValueError('Users must have a First Name') # check later
user = self.model(
email=self.normalize_email(email),
username=username,
first_name=first_name,
last_name=last_name,
)
user.set_password(password)
user.save(using="users_db")
return user
def create_superuser(self, email, username, first_name, last_name, password):
user = self.create_user(
email=self.normalize_email(email),
password=password,
username=username,
first_name=first_name,
last_name=last_name,
)
user.is_admin = True
user.is_staff = True
user.is_superuser = True
user.save(using=self._db)
return user
我不明白是什么导致了这个错误，因为我已经提供了引擎值但找不到错误。谁能告诉我问题出在哪里？
谢谢
更新
回溯：
(myvenv) C:\Demo_1\mainsite>python manage.py createsuperuser --
database=users_db
Email: admin@test.com
Username: admin
First name: Admin
Last name: Test
Password:
Password (again):
Traceback (most recent call last):
File "C:\Demo_1\mainsite\manage.py", line 21, in <module>
main()
File "C:\Demo_1\mainsite\manage.py", line 17, in main
execute_from_command_line(sys.argv)
File "C:\Users\danny\AppData\Local\Programs\Python\Python39\lib\site-packages\django\core\management\__init__.py", line 419, in execute_from_command_line
utility.execute()
File "C:\Users\danny\AppData\Local\Programs\Python\Python39\lib\site-packages\django\core\management\__init__.py", line 413, in execute
self.fetch_command(subcommand).run_from_argv(self.argv)
File "C:\Users\danny\AppData\Local\Programs\Python\Python39\lib\site-packages\django\core\management\base.py", line 354, in run_from_argv
self.execute(*args, **cmd_options)
File "C:\Users\danny\AppData\Local\Programs\Python\Python39\lib\site-packages\django\contrib\auth\management\commands\createsuperuser.py", line 79, in execute
return super().execute(*args, **options)
File "C:\Users\danny\AppData\Local\Programs\Python\Python39\lib\site-packages\django\core\management\base.py", line 398, in execute
output = self.handle(*args, **options)
File "C:\Users\danny\AppData\Local\Programs\Python\Python39\lib\site-packages\django\contrib\auth\management\commands\createsuperuser.py", line 189, in handle
self.UserModel._default_manager.db_manager(database).create_superuser(**user_data)
File "C:\Demo_1\mainsite\accounts\models.py", line 98, in create_superuser
user = self.create_user(
File "C:\Demo_1\mainsite\accounts\models.py", line 94, in create_user
user.save()
File "C:\Users\danny\AppData\Local\Programs\Python\Python39\lib\site-packages\django\contrib\auth\base_user.py", line 67, in save
super().save(*args, **kwargs)
File "C:\Users\danny\AppData\Local\Programs\Python\Python39\lib\site-packages\django\db\models\base.py", line 726, in save
self.save_base(using=using, force_insert=force_insert,
File "C:\Users\danny\AppData\Local\Programs\Python\Python39\lib\site-packages\django\db\models\base.py", line 763, in save_base
updated = self._save_table(
File "C:\Users\danny\AppData\Local\Programs\Python\Python39\lib\site-packages\django\db\models\base.py", line 868, in _save_table
results = self._do_insert(cls._base_manager, using, fields, returning_fields, raw)
File "C:\Users\danny\AppData\Local\Programs\Python\Python39\lib\site-packages\django\db\models\base.py", line 906, in _do_insert
return manager._insert(
File "C:\Users\danny\AppData\Local\Programs\Python\Python39\lib\site-packages\django\db\models\manager.py", line 85, in manager_method
return getattr(self.get_queryset(), name)(*args, **kwargs)
File "C:\Users\danny\AppData\Local\Programs\Python\Python39\lib\site-packages\django\db\models\query.py", line 1270, in _insert
return query.get_compiler(using=using).execute_sql(returning_fields)
File "C:\Users\danny\AppData\Local\Programs\Python\Python39\lib\site-packages\django\db\models\sql\compiler.py", line 1414, in execute_sql
with self.connection.cursor() as cursor:
File "C:\Users\danny\AppData\Local\Programs\Python\Python39\lib\site-packages\django\utils\asyncio.py", line 26, in inner
return func(*args, **kwargs)
File "C:\Users\danny\AppData\Local\Programs\Python\Python39\lib\site-packages\django\db\backends\base\base.py", line 259, in cursor
return self._cursor()
File "C:\Users\danny\AppData\Local\Programs\Python\Python39\lib\site-packages\django\db\backends\dummy\base.py", line 20, in complain
raise ImproperlyConfigured("settings.DATABASES is improperly configured. "
django.core.exceptions.ImproperlyConfigured: settings.DATABASES is improperly configured. Please supply the ENGINE value. Check settings documentation for more details.
将你的 DataBase 设置为 :-
DATABASES = {
'default': {
'ENGINE': 'django.db.backends.postgresql_psycopg2',
'NAME': 'users_db',
'USER': 'postgres',
'PASSWORD': 'Trial_user123',
'HOST': 'localhost',
'PORT': '5432',
}
'content_db': {
'NAME': 'django.db.backends.postgresql_psycopg2',
'NAME': 'content_II',
'USER': 'postgres',
'PASSWORD': 'Trial_user123',
'HOST': 'localhost',
'PORT': '5432',
}
}
您必须以不同方式迁移两个数据库，例如：-
$ ./manage.py migrate --database=users_db
$ ./manage.py migrate --database=content_II
在不同的数据库中创建一个 superuser，例如 :-
./manage.py createsuperuser --database=users_db
尝试移除存档中的using：
def create_user(...):
...
user.save()
def create_superuser(...):
...
user.save()
编辑:
刚刚注意到您的路由器没有 db_for_write（您写了两次 db_for_read）：
def db_for_write(self, model, **hints):
if model._meta.app_label in self.route_app_labels:
return 'users_db'
return None
大家好，我想在我的 django 项目中使用 2 个 postgres 数据库，一个用于保存用户数据，另一个用于保存其他内容，但是当我尝试 运行 createsuperuser 但我能够 运行 makemigrations 和 migrate --database=users_db 以及其他数据库也是如此。
raise ImproperlyConfigured("settings.DATABASES is improperly configured. "
django.core.exceptions.ImproperlyConfigured: settings.DATABASES is improperly configured. Please supply the ENGINE value. Check settings documentation for more details.
在 django 文档中，他们提到可以将 default 字典留空。
If the concept of a default database doesn’t make sense in the context of your project, you need to be careful to always specify the database that you want to use. Django requires that a default database entry be defined, but the parameters dictionary can be left blank if it will not be used. To do this, you must set up DATABASE_ROUTERS for all of your apps’ models, including those in any contrib and third-party apps you’re using, so that no queries are routed to the default database.
这是settings.py
DATABASES = {
'default': {},
'users_db': {
'ENGINE': 'django.db.backends.postgresql_psycopg2',
'NAME': 'users_db',
'USER': 'postgres',
'PASSWORD': 'Trial_user123',
'HOST':'127.0.0.1',
'PORT':'5432',
},
'content_db': {
'ENGINE': 'django.db.backends.postgresql_psycopg2',
'NAME': 'content_II',
'USER': 'postgres',
'PASSWORD': 'Trial_user123',
'HOST':'127.0.0.1',
'PORT':'5432',
},
}
DATABASE_ROUTERS = ['personal.routers.db_routers.AuthRouter', 'personal.routers.db_routers.PersonalDBRouter', ]
这是db_routers.py
class AuthRouter:
route_app_labels = {'sessions', 'auth', 'contenttypes', 'admin', 'accounts'}
def db_for_read(self, model, **hints):
if model._meta.app_label in self.route_app_labels:
return 'users_db'
return None
def db_for_read(self, model, **hints):
if model._meta.app_label in self.route_app_labels:
return 'users_db'
return None
def allow_relation(self, obj1, obj2, **hints):
if (
obj1._meta.app_label in self.route_app_labels or
obj2._meta.app_label in self.route_app_labels
):
return True
return None
def allow_migrate(self, db, app_label, model_name=None, **hints):
if app_label in self.route_app_labels:
return 'users_db'
return None
class PersonalDBRouter:
route_app_labels = {'actions', 'blog', 'token_blacklist', 'taggit', 'django_celery_beat', 'django_celery_results',}
def db_for_read(self, model, **hints):
if model._meta.app_label in self.route_app_labels:
return 'content_db'
return None
def db_for_read(self, model, **hints):
if model._meta.app_label in self.route_app_labels:
return 'content_db'
return None
def allow_relation(self, obj1, obj2, **hints):
if (
obj1._meta.app_label in self.route_app_labels or
obj2._meta.app_label in self.route_app_labels
):
return True
return None
def allow_migrate(self, db, app_label, model_name=None, **hints):
if app_label in self.route_app_labels:
return 'content_db'
return None
这是客户经理，当我尝试 运行 createsuperuser 时，它在 create_user 保存的行中显示错误。
class MyAccountManager(BaseUserManager):
def create_user(self, email, username, first_name, last_name, password=None):
if not email:
raise ValueError('Users must have an email address')
if not username:
raise ValueError('Users must have a username')
if not first_name:
raise ValueError('Users must have a First Name') # check later
user = self.model(
email=self.normalize_email(email),
username=username,
first_name=first_name,
last_name=last_name,
)
user.set_password(password)
user.save(using="users_db")
return user
def create_superuser(self, email, username, first_name, last_name, password):
user = self.create_user(
email=self.normalize_email(email),
password=password,
username=username,
first_name=first_name,
last_name=last_name,
)
user.is_admin = True
user.is_staff = True
user.is_superuser = True
user.save(using=self._db)
return user
我不明白是什么导致了这个错误，因为我已经提供了引擎值但找不到错误。谁能告诉我问题出在哪里？
谢谢
更新
回溯：
(myvenv) C:\Demo_1\mainsite>python manage.py createsuperuser --
database=users_db
Email: admin@test.com
Username: admin
First name: Admin
Last name: Test
Password:
Password (again):
Traceback (most recent call last):
File "C:\Demo_1\mainsite\manage.py", line 21, in <module>
main()
File "C:\Demo_1\mainsite\manage.py", line 17, in main
execute_from_command_line(sys.argv)
File "C:\Users\danny\AppData\Local\Programs\Python\Python39\lib\site-packages\django\core\management\__init__.py", line 419, in execute_from_command_line
utility.execute()
File "C:\Users\danny\AppData\Local\Programs\Python\Python39\lib\site-packages\django\core\management\__init__.py", line 413, in execute
self.fetch_command(subcommand).run_from_argv(self.argv)
File "C:\Users\danny\AppData\Local\Programs\Python\Python39\lib\site-packages\django\core\management\base.py", line 354, in run_from_argv
self.execute(*args, **cmd_options)
File "C:\Users\danny\AppData\Local\Programs\Python\Python39\lib\site-packages\django\contrib\auth\management\commands\createsuperuser.py", line 79, in execute
return super().execute(*args, **options)
File "C:\Users\danny\AppData\Local\Programs\Python\Python39\lib\site-packages\django\core\management\base.py", line 398, in execute
output = self.handle(*args, **options)
File "C:\Users\danny\AppData\Local\Programs\Python\Python39\lib\site-packages\django\contrib\auth\management\commands\createsuperuser.py", line 189, in handle
self.UserModel._default_manager.db_manager(database).create_superuser(**user_data)
File "C:\Demo_1\mainsite\accounts\models.py", line 98, in create_superuser
user = self.create_user(
File "C:\Demo_1\mainsite\accounts\models.py", line 94, in create_user
user.save()
File "C:\Users\danny\AppData\Local\Programs\Python\Python39\lib\site-packages\django\contrib\auth\base_user.py", line 67, in save
super().save(*args, **kwargs)
File "C:\Users\danny\AppData\Local\Programs\Python\Python39\lib\site-packages\django\db\models\base.py", line 726, in save
self.save_base(using=using, force_insert=force_insert,
File "C:\Users\danny\AppData\Local\Programs\Python\Python39\lib\site-packages\django\db\models\base.py", line 763, in save_base
updated = self._save_table(
File "C:\Users\danny\AppData\Local\Programs\Python\Python39\lib\site-packages\django\db\models\base.py", line 868, in _save_table
results = self._do_insert(cls._base_manager, using, fields, returning_fields, raw)
File "C:\Users\danny\AppData\Local\Programs\Python\Python39\lib\site-packages\django\db\models\base.py", line 906, in _do_insert
return manager._insert(
File "C:\Users\danny\AppData\Local\Programs\Python\Python39\lib\site-packages\django\db\models\manager.py", line 85, in manager_method
return getattr(self.get_queryset(), name)(*args, **kwargs)
File "C:\Users\danny\AppData\Local\Programs\Python\Python39\lib\site-packages\django\db\models\query.py", line 1270, in _insert
return query.get_compiler(using=using).execute_sql(returning_fields)
File "C:\Users\danny\AppData\Local\Programs\Python\Python39\lib\site-packages\django\db\models\sql\compiler.py", line 1414, in execute_sql
with self.connection.cursor() as cursor:
File "C:\Users\danny\AppData\Local\Programs\Python\Python39\lib\site-packages\django\utils\asyncio.py", line 26, in inner
return func(*args, **kwargs)
File "C:\Users\danny\AppData\Local\Programs\Python\Python39\lib\site-packages\django\db\backends\base\base.py", line 259, in cursor
return self._cursor()
File "C:\Users\danny\AppData\Local\Programs\Python\Python39\lib\site-packages\django\db\backends\dummy\base.py", line 20, in complain
raise ImproperlyConfigured("settings.DATABASES is improperly configured. "
django.core.exceptions.ImproperlyConfigured: settings.DATABASES is improperly configured. Please supply the ENGINE value. Check settings documentation for more details.
将你的 DataBase 设置为 :-
DATABASES = {
'default': {
'ENGINE': 'django.db.backends.postgresql_psycopg2',
'NAME': 'users_db',
'USER': 'postgres',
'PASSWORD': 'Trial_user123',
'HOST': 'localhost',
'PORT': '5432',
}
'content_db': {
'NAME': 'django.db.backends.postgresql_psycopg2',
'NAME': 'content_II',
'USER': 'postgres',
'PASSWORD': 'Trial_user123',
'HOST': 'localhost',
'PORT': '5432',
}
}
您必须以不同方式迁移两个数据库，例如：-
$ ./manage.py migrate --database=users_db
$ ./manage.py migrate --database=content_II
在不同的数据库中创建一个 superuser，例如 :-
./manage.py createsuperuser --database=users_db
尝试移除存档中的using：
def create_user(...):
...
user.save()
def create_superuser(...):
...
user.save()
编辑:
刚刚注意到您的路由器没有 db_for_write（您写了两次 db_for_read）：
def db_for_write(self, model, **hints):
if model._meta.app_label in self.route_app_labels:
return 'users_db'
return None