如何使用 mockito 和 junit 测试此功能？

Question

我是 mockito 和 junit5 的新手。我正在尝试测试以下功能：

public boolean checkFunction(String element) {

        CloseableHttpClient client = HttpClients.createDefault();
        String uri = "any url im hitting";
    
        HttpPost httpPost = new HttpPost(uri);

        String json = element;

        StringEntity entity;

        try {
            entity = new StringEntity(json);
            httpPost.setEntity(entity);
            httpPost.setHeader("Accept", "application/json");
            httpPost.setHeader("Authorization", "any token");

            CloseableHttpResponse response = client.execute(httpPost);
            String responseBody = EntityUtils.toString(response.getEntity());
            client.close();

            if (responseBody.contains("any string i wanna check"))
                return true;
        } catch (Exception e) {
            return false;
        }
        return false;
    }

我尝试了下面的代码，但我无法获得完整的代码覆盖率。我也不认为这是正确的方法。

@Test
    public void testCheckFunction() throws Exception {
        when(mockClass.checkFunction(Mockito.anyString())).thenReturn(false);
        assertEquals(false, mockclass.checkFunction("dummy"));
    }

谁能帮我解决这个问题？谢谢！

Answer 1

首先，您必须重构代码以获得更好的可测试性：

public class Checker {

    private final CloseableHttpClient client;

    public Checker(CloseableHttpClient client) {
        this.client = client;
    }

    public boolean checkFunction(String element) {

        String uri = "http://example.com";

        HttpPost httpPost = new HttpPost(uri);

        String json = element;

        StringEntity entity;

        try {
            entity = new StringEntity(json);
            httpPost.setEntity(entity);
            httpPost.setHeader("Accept", "application/json");
            httpPost.setHeader("Authorization", "any token");

            CloseableHttpResponse response = client.execute(httpPost);
            String responseBody = EntityUtils.toString(response.getEntity());
            client.close();

            if (responseBody.contains("any string i wanna check"))
                return true;
        } catch (Exception e) {
            return false;
        }
        return false;
    }
}

请注意，依赖项（即必须在测试中模拟的东西）现在是通过构造函数注入的。这样，在单元测试 class:

时，它可以很容易地被模拟替换

class CheckerTest {

    private final CloseableHttpClient clientMock = Mockito.mock(CloseableHttpClient.class);

    private final Checker checker = new Checker(clientMock);

    @Test
    public void testCheckFunction() throws Exception {
        when(clientMock.execute(any(HttpPost.class))).thenThrow(new RuntimeException("Oops!"));
        assertFalse(checker.checkFunction("dummy"));
    }
}

如何使用 mockito 和 junit 测试此功能？

How do I test this function using mockito and junit?

java

junit

spring-mvc

mockito

spring-boot