部署到 heroku 后无法在 Django 中加载照片

Question

我用 Django 做了一个作品集+博客网站。当运行它在本地时它工作得很好，但在我将它部署到 Heroku 之后，访问组合将我重定向到 500 服务器错误。我打开调试模式，当我这样做时，它没有抛出 500 服务器错误，但是，图片不会加载。这非常令人困惑，我们将不胜感激...

settings.py

    from pathlib import Path
import os
from dotenv import load_dotenv
load_dotenv()

# Build paths inside the project like this: BASE_DIR / 'subdir'.
BASE_DIR = Path(__file__).resolve().parent.parent


# Quick-start development settings - unsuitable for production
# See https://docs.djangoproject.com/en/3.2/howto/deployment/checklist/

# SECURITY WARNING: keep the secret key used in production secret!
SECRET_KEY = os.getenv('SECRET_KEY')

# SECURITY WARNING: don't run with debug turned on in production!
DEBUG = True
DEBUG_PROPAGATE_EXCEPTIONS = True


ALLOWED_HOSTS = []


# Application definition

INSTALLED_APPS = [
    'django.contrib.admin',
    'django.contrib.auth',
    'django.contrib.contenttypes',
    'django.contrib.sessions',
    'django.contrib.messages',
    'django.contrib.staticfiles',
    'projects',
    'blog',
]

MIDDLEWARE = [
    'django.middleware.security.SecurityMiddleware',
    'django.contrib.sessions.middleware.SessionMiddleware',
    'django.middleware.common.CommonMiddleware',
    'django.middleware.csrf.CsrfViewMiddleware',
    'django.contrib.auth.middleware.AuthenticationMiddleware',
    'django.contrib.messages.middleware.MessageMiddleware',
    'django.middleware.clickjacking.XFrameOptionsMiddleware',
    'whitenoise.middleware.WhiteNoiseMiddleware',
]

ROOT_URLCONF = 'personal_portofolio.urls'

TEMPLATES = [
    {
        'BACKEND': 'django.template.backends.django.DjangoTemplates',
        'DIRS': ["personal_portofolio/templates/"],
        'APP_DIRS': True,
        'OPTIONS': {
            'context_processors': [
                'django.template.context_processors.debug',
                'django.template.context_processors.request',
                'django.contrib.auth.context_processors.auth',
                'django.contrib.messages.context_processors.messages',
            ],
        },
    },
]

WSGI_APPLICATION = 'personal_portofolio.wsgi.application'


# Database
# https://docs.djangoproject.com/en/3.2/ref/settings/#databases

DATABASES = {
    'default': {
        'ENGINE': 'django.db.backends.sqlite3',
        'NAME': BASE_DIR / 'db.sqlite3',
    }
}


# Password validation
# https://docs.djangoproject.com/en/3.2/ref/settings/#auth-password-validators

AUTH_PASSWORD_VALIDATORS = [
    {
        'NAME': 'django.contrib.auth.password_validation.UserAttributeSimilarityValidator',
    },
    {
        'NAME': 'django.contrib.auth.password_validation.MinimumLengthValidator',
    },
    {
        'NAME': 'django.contrib.auth.password_validation.CommonPasswordValidator',
    },
    {
        'NAME': 'django.contrib.auth.password_validation.NumericPasswordValidator',
    },
]


# Internationalization
# https://docs.djangoproject.com/en/3.2/topics/i18n/

LANGUAGE_CODE = 'en-us'

TIME_ZONE = 'UTC'

USE_I18N = True

USE_L10N = True

USE_TZ = True


BASE_DIR = os.path.dirname(os.path.dirname(__file__))
STATIC_ROOT = os.path.join(BASE_DIR, 'staticfiles')
STATICFILES_STORAGE = 'whitenoise.storage.CompressedManifestStaticFilesStorage'
TEMPLATE_DIRS = (
    os.path.join(BASE_DIR,  'templates'),
)

import django_heroku
django_heroku.settings(locals())

wsgi.py

import os

from django.core.wsgi import get_wsgi_application
from whitenoise import WhiteNoise
os.environ.setdefault('DJANGO_SETTINGS_MODULE', 'personal_portofolio.settings')

application = get_wsgi_application()
application = WhiteNoise(application)

我的项目目录是什么样的：

C:.
├───blog
│   ├───migrations
│   │   └───__pycache__
│   ├───templates
│   └───__pycache__
├───personal_portofolio
│   ├───templates
│   └───__pycache__
├───projects
│   ├───migrations
│   │   └───__pycache__
│   ├───static
│   │   └───img
│   ├───templates
│   └───__pycache__
└───staticfiles
    └───admin
        ├───css
        │   └───vendor
        │       └───select2
        ├───fonts
        ├───img
        │   └───gis
        └───js
            ├───admin
            └───vendor
                ├───jquery
                ├───select2
                │   └───i18n
                └───xregexp

编辑：将 DEBUG_PROPAGATE_EXCEPTIONS 设置为 True 后，我在 Heroku 日志中收到此错误 ValueError: Missing staticfiles manifest entry for 'staticfiles/project1.png'

Answer 1

您的 settings.py 似乎没问题，请尝试将此代码添加到 project-name/urls.py

from django.conf import settings
from django.conf.urls.static import static

urlpatterns += static(settings.STATIC_URL, document_root=settings.STATIC_ROOT) # add static file URL to django urlpatterns

如果您尝试托管媒体文件请注意，Heroku 不支持媒体托管，您可能需要将 Django 应用程序与诸如 amazon s3 存储桶之类的东西连接起来。你可以找到一篇关于它的文章 here。

部署到 heroku 后无法在 Django 中加载照片

unable to load photos in Django after deploying to heroku

python

django

heroku