Django models.DateTimeField，如何存储没有秒的值？

Question

我有这个型号

class Appointments(models.Model):

    options = (
        ('waiting', 'In Attesa'),
        ('confirmed', 'Confermato'),
        ('closed', 'Chiuso'),
    )

    duration = (
        ('15', '15 minuti'),
        ('20', '20 minuti'),
        ('30', '30 minuti'),
        ('40', '40 minuti'),
    )

    date = models.DateTimeField(default=timezone.now)
    patient_first_name = models.CharField(max_length=250)
    patient_last_name = models.CharField(max_length=250)
    patient_email = models.EmailField(_('email address'))
    patient_phone = models.CharField(max_length=250)
    doctor = models.ForeignKey(Doctor, on_delete=models.PROTECT)
    room = models.ForeignKey(Room, on_delete=models.PROTECT, default=1)
    status = models.CharField(max_length=10, choices=options, default='waiting')
    message = models.TextField(null=True, blank=True) 
    notes = models.TextField(null=True, blank=True)
    appointment_date = models.DateTimeField(null=True, blank=True)
    duration = models.CharField(max_length=10, choices=duration, default='15')

    class Meta:
        ordering = ('-date', )
        unique_together = ('appointment_date', 'room', )

如何在数据库中存储没有秒数的 appointment_date 值？现在的值是这样的 2021-11-05 17:30:43 我想将其存储为 2021-11-05 17:30

那是因为 unique_together 对我需要的东西基本上没用。

Answer 1

我写了 an article 关于构建 DateTimeField 的变体，它会截断为一周、一个月、一分钟等

在这种情况下，我们可以制作一个 MinuteDateTimeField：

# <em>app_name</em>/fields.py

from datetime import timedelta
from django.db.models import DateTimeField

class <strong>DateTruncMixin</strong>:

    def truncate_date(self, dt):
        return dt

    def to_python(self, value):
        value = super().to_python(value)
        if value is not None:
            return self.truncate_date(value)
        return value

class <strong>MinuteDateTimeField</strong>(<strong>DateTruncMixin</strong>, DateTimeField):
    
    def truncate_date(self, dt):
        return dt<strong>.replace(second=0, microsecond=0)</strong>

然后您可以将此 MinuteDateTimeField 用于：

# <em>app_name</em>/models.py

from app_name.fields import <strong>MinuteDateTimeField</strong>

class Appointments(models.Model):
    # ⋮
    appointment_date = <strong>MinuteDateTimeField(null=True, blank=True)</strong>

Django models.DateTimeField，如何存储没有秒的值？

Django models.DateTimeField, how to store the value without seconds?

django

datetime

django-models

django-rest-framework