awk 和 printf 插入额外的换行符

Question

我正在努力显示以下文件：

V   220504203222Z       553A21806C0B711ED9E112E0B6680BED    unknown /C=DE/ST=BY/L=FU/O=a.com/OU=msc-dev/CN=ovpn-server-2020/emailAddress=m@icloud.com
R   220925164608Z 211103011032Z E5D625C06F3D6DA4D3A92C092E8D12A0    unknown /C=DE/ST=BY/L=FU/O=a.com/OU=msc-dev/CN=grom/emailAddress=m2@icloud.com
V   220925165555Z       185B52B7D6ABFF011FB0D7F826DE8851    unknown /C=DE/ST=BY/L=FU/O=a.com/OU=msc-dev/CN=bind9/emailAddress=martinschmid82@icloud.com
V   220925171609Z       8764585492AE0097F76DFD7C9E2E75C7    unknown /C=DE/ST=BY/L=FU/O=a/OU=msc-dev/CN=bind-9/emailAddress=martinschmid82@icloud.com
V   220925171854Z       5B7D28350F750F5745553E0647B79F63    unknown /C=DE/ST=BY/L=FU/O=a.com/OU=msc-dev/CN=qnap/emailAddress=m@icloud.com
V   220929131353Z       99E85C7B92BFF646480854B282288E2A    unknown /C=DE/ST=BY/L=FU/O=a.com/OU=msc-dev/CN=ftp/emailAddress=m@icloud.com
V   221012163300Z       39403EA3995349FF8FEC487BD59A1F98    unknown /C=DE/ST=BY/L=FU/O=akaritech.com/OU=msc-dev/CN=masc-mbp/emailAddress=martinschmid82@icloud.com
V   221012163553Z       80668723276AB0B93CF6765F5EA56837    unknown /C=DE/ST=BY/L=FU/O=akaritech.com/OU=msc-dev/CN=masc-ipad/emailAddress=m@icloud.com
V   221016205831Z       7ABD06B289E35D084D19EA170B8F2EC0    unknown /C=DE/ST=BY/L=FU/O=a.com/OU=msc-dev/CN=monitoring.brave-vesperia.com/emailAddress=m@icloud.com

我想要的是在同一行上用space分隔的第一、第二和第五列。我正在使用 awk:

#!/bin/bash

index="/opt/easy-rsa/easyrsa3/pki/index.txt"

for line in $(awk '{printf "%c %i %s\n", , , } ' ${index}); do
   if ! [[ ${line} =~ ^R.* ]]; then 
      printf "%s\n" $line ; 
   fi 
done

然而，我得到的输出是：

V
220504203222
/C=DE/ST=BY/L=FU/O=a.com/OU=msc-dev/CN=ovpn-server-2020/emailAddress=m@icloud.com
220925164608
unknown
V
220925165555
/C=DE/ST=BY/L=FU/O=a.com/OU=msc-dev/CN=bind9/emailAddress=m@icloud.com
V
220925171609
/C=DE/ST=BY/L=FU/O=a.com/OU=msc-dev/CN=bind-9/emailAddress=m@icloud.com
V
220925171854
/C=DE/ST=BY/L=FU/O=a.com/OU=msc-dev/CN=qnap/emailAddress=m@icloud.com
V
220929131353
/C=DE/ST=BY/L=FU/O=a.com/OU=msc-dev/CN=ftp/emailAddress=m@icloud.com
V
221012163300
/C=DE/ST=BY/L=FU/O=a.com/OU=msc-dev/CN=masc-mbp/emailAddress=m@icloud.com
V
221012163553
/C=DE/ST=BY/L=FU/O=a.com/OU=msc-dev/CN=masc-ipad/emailAddress=m@icloud.com
V
221016205831
/C=DE/ST=BY/L=FU/O=a.com/OU=msc-dev/CN=monitoring.brave-vesperia.com/emailAddress=m@icloud.com

我不明白额外的换行符是从哪里来的。

Answer 1

添加空格是因为 for line in $(awk ...) 在空格而不是换行处拆分 awk 的输出。

您可以通过将 IFS 设置为仅包含换行符或将 awk 管道连接到 while read line 循环来解决此问题。但是在 awk.

中完成整个事情会更简单

awk ' != "R" {printf "%c %i %s\n", , , } ' "${index}"

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