Matplotlib:具有多个条形的直方图

Matplotlib: histogram with multiple bars

我似乎无法掌握如何绘制多条直方图。这是我的代码:

import matplotlib.pyplot as mpl

tags = 'manual (4 serv.)', 'Cromlech (average, 4 serv.)', 'Cromlech (0.925, 4 serv.)', 'Cromlech (0.925 improved, 7 serv.)', 'Cromlech (15 serv.)', 'Pangaea', 'ServiceCutter (4 serv.)'
a = (0.385, 0.4128, 0.406, 0.5394, 0.7674, 0.306, 0.3505)
b = (0.4025, 0.1935, 0.189, 0.189, 0.415, 0.238, 0.1714)
c = (1, 0.3619, 0.5149, 1, 0.4851, 0.4092, 0.4407)
d = (1, 0.3495, 0.4888, 1, 0.4861, 0.4985, 0.5213)
mpl.hist((a, b, c, d), 7, label=("decoupling", "op. cost", "op. similarity", "data similarity"))
mpl.legend()
mpl.xticks((1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7), (tags))
mpl.show()

我想做的是生成一个包含 7 个数据点的图,每个数据点都有一个四元组(解耦、运算成本、运算相似度、数据相似度)。 “a、b、c、d”分别包含去耦值op。费用... 我想用代码中的一个标签标记每个数据点。

我不明白我做错了什么。你能帮帮我吗?

您似乎想要创建条形图,而不是直方图。

在这种情况下,如果您创建 pandas dataframe 并使用 pandas 绘图(pandas 使用 matplotlib 绘图),则分组、标签和图例最简单:

import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
import pandas as pd

tags = ('manual (4 serv.)', 'Cromlech (average, 4 serv.)', 'Cromlech (0.925, 4 serv.)',
        'Cromlech (0.925 improved, 7 serv.)', 'Cromlech (15 serv.)', 'Pangaea', 'ServiceCutter (4 serv.)')
# insert some newlines in the tags to better fit into the plot
tags = [tag.replace(' (', '\n(') for tag in tags]
a = (0.385, 0.4128, 0.406, 0.5394, 0.7674, 0.306, 0.3505)
b = (0.4025, 0.1935, 0.189, 0.189, 0.415, 0.238, 0.1714)
c = (1, 0.3619, 0.5149, 1, 0.4851, 0.4092, 0.4407)
d = (1, 0.3495, 0.4888, 1, 0.4861, 0.4985, 0.5213)
# create a dataframe
df = pd.DataFrame({"decoupling": a, "op. cost": b, "op. similarity": c, "data similarity": d}, index=tags)
df.plot.bar(rot=0, figsize=(12, 5))
plt.tight_layout() # fit labels etc. nicely into the plot
plt.show()

您可以选择修改视觉方面。这是一个例子:

ax = df.plot.bar(rot=0, figsize=(12, 5), width=0.75, cmap='turbo')
for spine in ['top', 'right']:
    ax.spines[spine].set_visible(False)
ax.set_axisbelow(True)
ax.grid(axis='y', color='grey', ls=':')
ax.set_facecolor('beige')
ax.set_ylim(0, 1)
plt.tight_layout()