Django API 按唯一 ID 拆分数据

Question

我正在制作 Django API。

我使用爬虫程序收集地点和评论数据。

我想按建筑物名称（唯一键）拆分评论数据，但似乎所有评论都保存在一起并传播给所有 URL。

models.py

from django.db import models
import uuid

# Create your models here.
from django.utils.text import slugify

def generate_unique_slug(klass, field):
    origin_slug = slugify(field, allow_unicode=True)
    unique_slug = origin_slug
    numb = 1
    while klass.objects.filter(slug=unique_slug).exists():
        unique_slug = '%s-%d' % (origin_slug, numb)
        numb += 1
    return unique_slug

class BuildingData(models.Model):
    building_name = models.CharField(max_length=50, unique=True)
    slug = models.SlugField(max_length=50, unique=True, allow_unicode=True, default=uuid.uuid1)
    building_loc = models.CharField(max_length=50)
    building_call = models.CharField(max_length=20)
    #building_time = models.CharField(max_length=50)

    def save(self, *args, **kwargs):
        if self.slug:  # edit
            if slugify(self.building_name, allow_unicode=True) != self.slug:
                self.slug = generate_unique_slug(BuildingData, self.building_name)
            else:  # create
                self.slug = generate_unique_slug(BuildingData, self.building_name)
            super(BuildingData, self).save(*args, **kwargs)
    

class ReviewData(models.Model):
    building_name = models.CharField(max_length=50)
    review_content = models.TextField()
    star_num = models.FloatField()

urls.py

from django.contrib import admin
from django.urls import path
from crawling_data.views import ReviewListAPI
from crawling_data.views import BuildingInfoAPI

urlpatterns = [
    path('admin/', admin.site.urls),
    path('api/buildingdata/', BuildingInfoAPI.as_view()),
    path('api/buildingdata/<str:slug>/', ReviewListAPI.as_view())
]

models.py

# Create your views here.
from django.shortcuts import render
from rest_framework.response import Response
from .models import ReviewData
from .models import BuildingData
from rest_framework.views import APIView
from rest_framework import generics
from rest_framework import permissions
from .serializers import ReviewSerializer
from .serializers import BuildingSerializer
from django.shortcuts import render, get_object_or_404




class BuildingInfoAPI(APIView):
    def get(self, request):
        queryset = BuildingData.objects.all()
        serializer = BuildingSerializer(queryset, many=True)
        return Response(serializer.data)

class ReviewListAPI(APIView):
    def get(self, request, slug):
        queryset = ReviewData.objects.all()
        serializer = ReviewSerializer(queryset, many=True)
        return Response(serializer.data)

爬虫程序的一部分

if __name__=='__main__':
        for item in building_dict:
            BuildingData(building_name = item['place'], building_loc = item['location'], building_call = item['call']).save()
            #BuildingData(building_name = item['place'], building_loc = item['location'], building_call = item['call'], building_time = item['time']).save()
        for item in review_dict:
            ReviewData(building_name = item['place'], review_content = item['review'], star_num = item['rate']).save()

当程序抓取所有页面时，上面的保存代码运行。

但是此代码将所有评论保存在同一个数据库中。

所以我想要的是这个

URL : api/buildingdata/A/

A building - a review
A building - b review

URL : api/buildingdata/B/

B building - a review
B building - b review

但是我的API看起来像这样

URL : api/buildingdata/A/

A building - a review
A building - b review
B building - a review
B building - b review

URL : api/buildingdata/B/

A building - a review
A building - b review
B building - a review
B building - b review

我应该在哪里解决按建筑物名称拆分评论数据的问题？

Answer 1

这里看起来有两个问题。在您的两个模型之间没有定义 explicit 关系，并且您的 ReviewListAPI 视图正在接受一个 slug，但什么都不做。

您应该在建筑物及其评论之间创建外键关系，然后您可以使用建筑物的 slug it 来过滤仅与该建筑物相关的评论：

您可以像这样更新 ReviewData 模型：

class ReviewData(models.Model):
    building = models.ForeignKey(BuildingData, on_delete=models.CASCADE)
    ...

class ReviewListAPI(APIView):
    def get(self, request, slug):
        queryset = ReviewData.objects.filter(building__slug=slug)
        serializer = ReviewSerializer(queryset, many=True)
        return Response(serializer.data)

Retrieving Objects

Foreign Keys

这可能还需要您 update your serializers to reflect the relation between the objects:

如果你不想建立外键关系，你可以在你的视图中尝试这个：

class ReviewListAPI(APIView):
    def get(self, request, slug):
        building_name  =  BuildingData.objects.filter(slug=slug).values_list('building_name',flat=True)[0]
        queryset = ReviewData.objects.filter(building_name=building_name)
        serializer = ReviewSerializer(queryset, many=True)
        return Response(serializer.data)

在这里，您通过 slug 过滤 BuildingData，return 您要根据其过滤 ReviewData 的单个建筑物名称值

Django API 按唯一 ID 拆分数据

Django API split data by unique ID

python

django

django-rest-framework