Typescript 通用接口数组

Typescript Generic Array of Interfaces

我对 TypeScript 中更高级的泛型类型有疑问。

我想要做的是一个数据数组,其中 data 本身由 type 控制,例如:

[
 {
  type: "T1",
  content: number,
 },
 {
  type: "T2",
  values: {
   id: number,
   ...
  }
 }
]

在描述了可用的类型后,我有点不知所措:

enum DataType {
 T1 = "t1",
 T2 = "t2"
}

所以我猜结果一定是这样的:

interface DataGeneric<T> {
 [T extends DataType.T1]: { content: number },
 [T extends DataType.T2]: { values: { id: number, ... } },
} ???

interface Data<T extends DataType = any(?)> extends DataGeneric<T>{
 type: DataType,
 // and all the other fields are generic from T = DataType
}
const someData: Data[] | undefined = fetchData();

// suggesting that the `type` of element[1] is "t2"
// and VSCode suggestions works correctly too,
// consider that there is an object-field `values` with `id` key
someData[1].values.id 

提前致谢!

如果您要根据字符串或数字 literal to discriminate what type of data the rest of the object is holding, then you probably want to use a discriminated union instead of generics. That's basically a union type 检查对象的 type 属性,其中联合成员具有共同的 判别式 键。在您的情况下,它可能看起来像这样:

enum DataType {
  T1 = "t1",
  T2 = "t2"
}

type Data =
  { type: DataType.T1, content: number } |
  { type: DataType.T2, values: { id: number } }

然后当你有一个 data 类型 Data 的值时,你可以检查它的 type 属性 并且编译器知道它应该缩小 data 到工会的右成员:

declare const someData: Data[] | undefined;

if (someData) {
  someData.forEach(data => {
    if (data.type === DataType.T1) {
      data.content.toFixed();
    } else {
      data.values.id.toFixed();
    }
  })
}

Playground link to code