rest framework 序列化程序在 POST 请求时失败，模型在 OneToMany 关系中

Question

我有两个模型
公寓模型

class Apartment(models.Model):
    owner = models.ForeignKey(LandOwner, on_delete=models.CASCADE )
    property_size = models.CharField(max_length = 255, null =False, blank = False)
    location = models.CharField(max_length=255, blank=False, null=False )
    name = models.CharField(max_length=255, blank=False, null=False )
    town = models.CharField(max_length=255, blank=False, null=False )
    category = models.ManyToManyField(HouseCategory)
    no_of_house = models.IntegerField(blank=False, null=False )
    year = models.IntegerField(blank=False, null=False )

房屋模型

class House(models.Model):
    category = models.ForeignKey(HouseCategory, on_delete = models.CASCADE)
    apartment = models.ForeignKey(Apartment, on_delete=models.CASCADE )
    cost = models.CharField(max_length = 30, null=False, blank = False)
    description = models.TextField(null = True, blank = True)
    features = models.ManyToManyField(HouseFeatures)
    occupied = models.IntegerField()
    total = models.IntegerField()

他们的序列化器 ApartmentSerializer

class PropertySerializer(ModelSerializer):
class Meta:
    model = models.Apartment
    fields = '__all__'

HouseSerializer

class HouseSerializer(ModelSerializer):

class Meta:
    model = models.House
    fields = [
            'description',
            'apartment',
            'category',
            'occupied',
            'cost',
            'total',
            'features',
    ]
    depth = 1

对以下视图的 Get 请求

class Listing(ListCreateAPIView):
    permission_classes = [ permissions.AllowAny ]
    # permission_classes = [ permissions.IsAuthenticatedOrReadOnly ]
    serializer_class = serializers.HouseSerializer
    queryset = House.objects.all()

我得到这个JSON，这是我设计的输出

{
        "description": "",
        "apartment": {
            "id": 1,
            "property_size": "30Ha",
            "location": "Nairobi",
            "name": "Real Estate Apartment",
            "town": "Nairobi",
            "no_of_house": 4,
            "year": 2019,
            "owner": 1,
            "category": [
                1
            ]
        },
        "category": {
            "id": 1,
            "name": "Single Room"
        },
        "occupied": 2,
        "cost": "40000",
        "total": 5,
        "features": [
            {
                "id": 1,
                "name": "Source of Water"
            },
            {
                "id": 2,
                "name": "wifi availability"
            },
            {
                "id": 3,
                "name": "Swimming pool available"
            }
        ]
    }

问题是当我向同一个视图发送 POST 请求时，我收到“NOT NULL 约束失败：House.apartment_id”。与 POST 请求一起发送的 JSON 是

{
        "apartment": 10,
        "cost": "40000",
        "description": "",
        "occupied": 2,
        "total": 5,
        "category": 1,
        "features": [
            1,
            2,
            3
        ]

}

我希望视图对 post 请求做的是用给定的信息保存一个新房子，并将相关的现场公寓设置为我用 JSON 有效负载发送的 id

Answer 1

像这样更改序列化程序：

class HouseSerializer(ModelSerializer):
apartment = PropertySerializer(read_only=True, many=True)

class Meta:
    model = models.House
    fields = [
            'description',
            'apartment',
            'category',
            'occupied',
            'cost',
            'total',
            'features',
    ]

Answer 2

我找到了这个问题的解决方案，在属性序列化器上，我将方法 def to_reperesentation(self, instance) 覆盖到这个

def to_representation(self, instance):
    self.fields['owner'] = LandOwnerSerializer(read_only = True)
    self.fields['category'] = HouseCategorySerializer(read_only = True, many = True)

    return super(PropertySerializer, self).to_representation(instance)

并且在 HouseSerializer 中我也做了同样的（覆盖 to_representation）方法并添加了一些修改看起来像这样

def to_representation(self, instance):
    self.fields['apartment'] = PropertySerializer(read_only = True, )
    return super(HouseSerializer, self).to_representation(instance)

现在它工作得很好，添加房子只需要目标公寓的 Id，而获取则可以获取公寓的详细信息。感谢大家的参与。

rest framework 序列化程序在 POST 请求时失败，模型在 OneToMany 关系中

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