MariaDB 使用派系对字符串值进行排序

Question

我有如下 Linux 内核版本，想要将此值从内核版本从旧到最新排序。

4.18.0-348.7.1.el8_5.x86_64
4.18.0-358.el8.x86_64
4.18.0-305.19.1.el8_4.x86_64
4.18.0-348.12.2.el8_5.x86_64
4.18.0-348.7.1.el8_5.x86_64

使用这个查询，它不是按内核版本排序。我希望这一行 4.18.0-348.12.2.el8_5.x86_64 应该在最后一行之上。

select kernel, REGEXP_REPLACE(kernel,'\.|-|el.*$','') as k from os  group by kernel order by 1;

4.18.0-305.19.1.el8_4.x86_64,4180305191
4.18.0-338.el8.x86_64,4180338
4.18.0-348.12.2.el8_5.x86_64,4180348122
4.18.0-348.2.1.el8_5.x86_64,418034821
4.18.0-348.7.1.el8_5.x86_64,418034871
4.18.0-358.el8.x86_64,4180358

如何使这个 sql 查询按内核版本排序？

Answer 1

MariaDB 在 10.7 中试用成功 natural_sort_order，即将发布 GA：

MariaDB [test]> create table v( version varchar(30));
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.002 sec)

MariaDB [test]> insert into v values ('4.18.0-348.7.1.el8_5.x86_64'),('4.18.0-358.el8.x86_64'),('4.18.0-305.19.1.el8_4.x86_64'),('4.18.0-348.12.2.el8_5.x86_64'),('4.18.0-348.7.1.el8_5.x86_64');

MariaDB [test]> select version from v order by natural_sort_key(version);
+------------------------------+
| version                      |
+------------------------------+
| 4.18.0-305.19.1.el8_4.x86_64 |
| 4.18.0-348.7.1.el8_5.x86_64  |
| 4.18.0-348.7.1.el8_5.x86_64  |
| 4.18.0-348.12.2.el8_5.x86_64 |
| 4.18.0-358.el8.x86_64        |
+------------------------------+
5 rows in set (0.001 sec)

ref: 有 natural_sort_order

Answer 2

这样怎么样：

SELECT kernel,
       k1, k2, k3,
       CASE WHEN k3 LIKE '%-%' THEN 0
        ELSE SUBSTRING_INDEX(k3,'.',1)+0 END AS k4,
       CASE WHEN k3 LIKE '%-%' THEN 0
        ELSE SUBSTRING_INDEX(k3,'.',-1) END AS k5
FROM       
(SELECT kernel,
       SUBSTRING_INDEX(kernel,'-',1) AS k1,
       SUBSTRING_INDEX(SUBSTRING_INDEX(kernel,'-',-1),'.',1) AS k2,
       SUBSTRING_INDEX(SUBSTRING_INDEX(kernel,'.el',1),'.',-2) AS k3
 FROM
    os) V
ORDER BY 
  k1, k2, k4, k5
;

用一堆SUBSTRING_INDEX()从子查询开始使用。这个想法是将一些部分与我认为“可订购”的价值分开。上面的查询将 return 以下内容：

kernel	k1	k2	k3	k4	k5
4.18.0-305.19.1.el8_4.x86_64	4.18.0	305	19.1	19	1
4.18.0-338.el8.x86_64	4.18.0	338	18.0-338	0	0
4.18.0-348.2.1.el8_5.x86_64	4.18.0	348	2.1	2	1
4.18.0-348.7.1.el8_5.x86_64	4.18.0	348	7.1	7	1
4.18.0-348.12.2.el8_5.x86_64	4.18.0	348	12.2	12	2
4.18.0-358.el8.x86_64	4.18.0	358	18.0-358	0	0

Demo

MariaDB 使用派系对字符串值进行排序

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mysql

mariadb