AWK：如何将 awk 脚本中的列作为 for 循环的一部分进行排序

Question

我有以下 awk 脚本：

#!/usr/bin/env bash
  
awk '
        BEGIN{
        FS=OFS="\t";
        printf "\n\n%33-s\t%20-s",
        "Description", "Amount"
        printf "\n-------------------------------------------------- \n";       
        } 
        {
        if ( > 0) {               
                a[] += ;
                sa += ;
        }
        else {
                b[] += ;
                sb += ;
        }        
        }
        END{
        print "INCOME" "\n";
        for (i in a) {                                        
                printf "%-33s\t%-20 .2f\n", i, a[i];
        }
        printf "%-33s\t%-20 .2f\n", "\nTOTAL INCOME", sa;
        print "\n""\n" "EXPENSES" "\n";
        for (j in b) {
                printf "%-33s\t%-20 .2f\n", j, b[j];        
        }
        printf "%-33s\t%-20 .2f\n", "\nTOTAL EXPENSES", sb;
        }
' "${@:--}"

这会在运行之后按预期打印以下内容 ./report out.txt:

Description                         Amount              
-------------------------------------------------- 
INCOME

Client Income                        65855.52           
Other Income                         33496.21           
Refunds                              24072.49           
Transfers                            66445.38           
Rental Income                        74505.46           
Tax Refunds                          2200.16            
Salaries & Wages                     234198.04          
Interest                             4.07               

TOTAL INCOME                         500777.33          


EXPENSES

Business - Miscellaneous            -473.55             
Government                          -985.83             
Personal Expenditures               -89212.40           
Hiring & Rentals                    -3271.20            
Travel                              -24148.74           
Accounting & Legal                  -3091.20            
Bank – Charges                      -1106.87            
Motor Vehicle – Miscellaneous       -153.59             
Vehicle Miscellaneous               -70.00              
Capex                               -18186.76           
Food - Fast Food                    -3004.19            
Christian to Edorne                 -1018.88            
Business – Miscellaneous            -63.09              
Bank – Withdrawals                  -5720.00            
IT – Subscriptions                  -1077.95            
Property – Rent                     -60100.00           
Food – Groceries                    -65760.27           
Equipment Hiring                    -3325.00            
Property – Maintenance              -13956.72           
Transfers Overseas                  -27638.31           
Property – Bond                     -1800.00            
Business – Repairs & Maintenance    -1362.25            
Weed Spray Chemicals                -133.17             
Transport                           -218.40             
Motor Vehicle Expenses              -862.52             
Business – ACC                      -206.04             
Education                           -1515.04            
Office & Stationary                 -323.34             
Food – Liquor                       -405.55             
Petrol - Vehicle                    -10341.62           
Petrol - Equipment                  -823.12             
Transfers                           -211239.22          
Property - Maintenance              -10762.56           
Business – Storage                  -1659.50            
Motor Vehicle – Parking             -39.90              
Motor Vehicle – WOF                 -264.05             
IT – ISP                            -14706.36           
Tax                                 -11783.08           
Food – Fast Food                    -4410.23            
Electricity                         -6980.73            
Christian to Crewcut                -20.95              
Healthcare                          -7250.95            
Vehicle – Maintenance               -302.00             
Food – Eating Out                   -6209.95            
Business Services – Mail            -400.00             
Household                           -2190.58            
Edorne to Christian                 -4961.30            
Salaries & Wages                    -55634.21           
Miscellaneous                       -1788.81            
Insurance                           -2623.96            
Motor Vehicle – Maintenance         -4711.62            
Property – Body Corporate           -26736.16           
Principal & Interest                -12605.61           
Property – Rates                    -16336.82           

TOTAL EXPENSES                      -743974.15

我的问题是如何按字母顺序（第一列）对收入和支出项目进行排序？我试图通过将 for 循环行更改为

来对第一列进行排序

printf "%-33s\t%-20 .2f\n", i, a[i] | "sort -u";
printf "%-33s\t%-20 .2f\n", j, b[j] | "sort -u";

这是行不通的。出于安全原因和大量数据，我真的无法提供源数据。我希望无论如何有人可以帮助我解决这个问题，因为我的问题本质上是相当笼统的。

Answer 1

我认为您会发现在运行此脚本之前对日期进行排序更容易。您不告诉我们它来自哪里，而是指定排序列或通过 awk '{ print $3 $7}' |排序

Answer 2

使用 GNU awk，您可以 control array scanning 通过 PROCINFO["sorted_in"] 对数组进行排序（按索引或数据），以便 for (index in array) 以所需的顺序处理数组。

将其添加到您的 END 块处理中将如下所示：

    END{

    PROCINFO["sorted_in"]="@ind_str_asc"                 # sort array by index based on "string" data and in "ascending" order

    print "INCOME" "\n"
    for (j in a) {                                        
            printf "%-33s\t%-20 .2f\n", i, a[i];
    }
    printf "%-33s\t%-20 .2f\n", "\nTOTAL INCOME", sa;
    print "\n""\n" "EXPENSES" "\n"
    for (j in b) {
            printf "%-33s\t%-20 .2f\n", j, b[j];        
    }
    printf "%-33s\t%-20 .2f\n", "\nTOTAL EXPENSES", sb
    }

注意： 一旦设置 PROCINFO["sorted_in"] 将应用于所有数组引用，直到 awk 脚本结束或直到新的 PROCINFO["sorted_in"] 已应用

AWK：如何将 awk 脚本中的列作为 for 循环的一部分进行排序

AWK: how to sort column in awk script as part of a for loop

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