如何在 tkinter 中使用 matplotlib 中的 rangesliders 功能？

Question

我已经编写了一个代码来使用 RangeSldider 小部件来控制我的轴范围。

from tkinter import *
import numpy as np
import matplotlib
matplotlib.use('TkAgg')
from matplotlib.figure import Figure
from matplotlib.backends.backend_tkagg import FigureCanvasTkAgg
from matplotlib import cm
from matplotlib.colors import ListedColormap
from RangeSlider.RangeSlider import RangeSliderH, RangeSliderV

root = Tk()
root.geometry("600x600")

def plot():
    x, y = np.mgrid[slice(0, 6, 1), slice(0, 6, 1)]
    z = np.arange(1,26).reshape(5,5)
    figure = Figure(figsize=(4, 4))
    ax = figure.add_subplot(111)

    col_type = cm.get_cmap('rainbow', 256)
    newcolors = col_type(np.linspace(0, 1, 1000))
    white = np.array([1, 1, 1, 1])
    newcolors[:1, :] = white
    newcmp = ListedColormap(newcolors)

    c = ax.pcolormesh(x, y, z, cmap=newcmp, edgecolor='lightgrey', linewidth=0.003)
    ax.figure.colorbar(c)

    ax.set_title('mY Title', fontweight="bold")
    ax.set_xlabel("X", fontsize=14)
    ax.set_ylabel("Y", fontsize=14)

    canvas = FigureCanvasTkAgg(figure, root)
    canvas.get_tk_widget().place(x=100, y=25)
    figure.patch.set_facecolor('#f0f0f0')

    ax.set_xlim(rs1.getValues())
    ax.set_ylim(rs2.getValues())

hVar1 = IntVar() # left handle variable
hVar2 = IntVar()  # right handle variable
rs1 = RangeSliderH(root, [hVar1, hVar2], Width=230, Height=55, padX=17, min_val=0, max_val=5, font_size=12,\
                   show_value=True, digit_precision='.0f', bgColor='#f0f0f0', line_s_color='black',\
                   line_color='black', bar_color_inner='black', bar_color_outer='#f0f0f0')
rs1.place(x=150, y=420)

vVar1 = IntVar()  # top handle variable
vVar2 = IntVar()  # down handle variable
rs2 = RangeSliderV(root, [vVar1, vVar2], Width=81, Height=180, padY=11, min_val=0, max_val=5, font_size=12,\
                   show_value=True, digit_precision='.0f', bgColor='#f0f0f0', line_s_color='black',\
                   line_color='black', bar_color_inner='black', bar_color_outer='#f0f0f0')
rs2.place(x=0, y=150)

button = Button(root, text="Plot", command=plot)
button.pack()

root.mainloop()

我得到了使用 matplotlib 提供的范围滑块功能的建议。我在图书馆中搜索，并使用了 FloatRangeSlider。但我不知道如何添加范围滑块以在 canvas 上显示并使其工作并立即更新数字。

from tkinter import *
import numpy as np
import matplotlib
matplotlib.use('TkAgg')
from matplotlib.figure import Figure
from matplotlib.backends.backend_tkagg import FigureCanvasTkAgg
import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
from matplotlib import cm
from matplotlib.colors import ListedColormap

import ipywidgets as widgets

root = Tk()
root.geometry("600x600")

def plot():
    x, y = np.mgrid[slice(0, 6, 1), slice(0, 6, 1)]
    z = np.arange(1,26).reshape(5,5)
    figure = Figure(figsize=(8, 8))
    ax = figure.add_subplot(111)

    col_type = cm.get_cmap('rainbow', 256)
    newcolors = col_type(np.linspace(0, 1, 1000))
    white = np.array([1, 1, 1, 1])
    newcolors[:1, :] = white
    newcmp = ListedColormap(newcolors)

    c = ax.pcolormesh(x, y, z, cmap=newcmp, edgecolor='lightgrey', linewidth=0.003)
    ax.figure.colorbar(c)

    ax.set_title('mY Title', fontweight="bold")
    ax.set_xlabel("X", fontsize=14)
    ax.set_ylabel("Y", fontsize=14)

    sliderH = widgets.FloatRangeSlider(value=(0, 5), min=0, max=5, step=1, orientation='horizontal')
    sliderV = widgets.FloatRangeSlider(value=(0, 5), min=0, max=5, step=1, orientation='vertical')

    canvas = FigureCanvasTkAgg(figure, root)
    canvas.get_tk_widget().pack()

    def update():
        x, y = np.mgrid[slice(sliderH.value[0], sliderH.value[1], 1), slice(sliderV.value[0], sliderV.value[1], 1)]
        figure.canvas.draw()

    sliderH.observe(update, names='value')
    sliderV.observe(update, names='value')
    display(sliderH)
    display(sliderV)

button = Button(root, text="Plot", command=plot)
button.pack()

root.mainloop()

Answer 1

除非我误解了什么，否则您使用的不是 matplotlib 的 RangeSLider，而是 ipywidgets。该库用于 Jupyter notebook。

这里是使用 matplotlib 的 RangeSLider 和实时轴范围更新的实现：

from tkinter import *

import matplotlib
import numpy as np

matplotlib.use('TkAgg')
from matplotlib.figure import Figure
from matplotlib.backends.backend_tkagg import FigureCanvasTkAgg
from matplotlib import cm
from matplotlib.colors import ListedColormap

import matplotlib.widgets as widgets

root = Tk()
root.geometry("600x600")

x, y = np.mgrid[slice(0, 6, 1), slice(0, 6, 1)]
z = np.arange(1, 26).reshape(5, 5)
figure = Figure(figsize=(8, 8))

# Make figure a bit wider and taller
figure.subplots_adjust(bottom=0.2)
figure.subplots_adjust(left=0.2)
ax = figure.add_subplot(111)

col_type = cm.get_cmap('rainbow', 256)
newcolors = col_type(np.linspace(0, 1, 1000))
white = np.array([1, 1, 1, 1])
newcolors[:1, :] = white
newcmp = ListedColormap(newcolors)

c = ax.pcolormesh(x, y, z, cmap=newcmp, edgecolor='lightgrey', linewidth=0.003)
ax.figure.colorbar(c)

ax.set_title('mY Title', fontweight="bold")
ax.set_xlabel("X", fontsize=14)
ax.set_ylabel("Y", fontsize=14)

# Create X slider
slider_ax = figure.add_axes([0.2, 0.05, 0.6, 0.03])
sliderH = widgets.RangeSlider(slider_ax, "Val", valmin=0, valmax=5, valstep=1, valinit=(0, 5))
# Create Y slider
slider_ay = figure.add_axes([0.05, 0.25, 0.03, 0.6])
sliderV = widgets.RangeSlider(slider_ay, "Val", valmin=0, valmax=5, valstep=1, valinit=(0, 5), orientation='vertical')


def set_x_range(value):
    ax.set_xlim(xmin=value[0], xmax=value[1])


def set_y_range(value):
    ax.set_ylim(ymin=value[0], ymax=value[1])


sliderH.on_changed(set_x_range)
sliderV.on_changed(set_y_range)

canvas = FigureCanvasTkAgg(figure, root)
canvas.draw()

button = Button(root, text="Plot", command=canvas.get_tk_widget().pack)
button.pack()

root.mainloop()

这是它的样子：

我在垂直滑块方面遇到了一个小问题，按钮仍然处于水平状态。可能只是我的环境问题，也可能是 matplotlib 错误。
您可以通过水平方向使用两个滑块来解决它。

如何在 tkinter 中使用 matplotlib 中的 rangesliders 功能？

How to use rangesliders feature from matplotlib in tkinter?

python

tkinter

matplotlib