在一个对象中添加多个变量 - 需要进一步的帮助
Adding multiple variables in an object - need further assistance
首先 - 根据建议，请尽量让新手可以理解，因为它太复杂了，它可能没有太大用处，因为我需要在当前问题之后进一步继续。提前谢谢你:)
我正在尝试定义一个包含多个我可能会用到的变量的对象。
到目前为止，我能够为自己创建基本的 class（仅使用对象的 ID），但我现在正在努力添加对象所需的其余变量。
我要用对象的多实例存储的数据如下：
- 用户的 id - 这是我需要通过对象搜索的值，因为我将在我需要计算的不同时间间隔内拥有以下示例数据的多个条目。它不需要在对象变量中更改。
- 姓名 - 我将为其计算所花费时间的人的姓名。它是静态的（不需要在对象变量中更改）。
- Started timestamp 和 Ended timestamp - 此人执行某事的时间。由于我将有多个数据实例传向该对象，因此我需要检查班次是否重叠，如果是，则应避免此类时间，但如果重叠时间之外的额外时间 - 则需添加。例如。如果重叠不是完美匹配，则将花费的额外时间添加到“总花费时间”中。两个时间戳收到的数据采用的格式是我用“datetime.strptime(start, '%Y-%m-%dT%H:%M:%S+02:00')
- 计划 ID - 它是开始和结束时间戳条目的 ID。它可以保存为一个数组，因为除了报告目的外它不会被使用——例如此人在第一班（start_timestamp 到 end_timestamp）期间处理过事情。
- 我需要分隔成两个不同值的联系人数组 - 一个用于电子邮件，另一个用于 phone 号码（包括国家代码）。数组 returns 为 [email, country_code, phone_number]
引用我的示例数据：
PersonID: ID1234
Name: Anton Todorov
Started at: 2022-12-26T00:00:00+02:00
Ended at: 2022-12-26T02:00:00+02:00
Schedule ID: SCHEDID1
Contacts: ['a.todorov@e-mail.email', 359, '000000000']
---===Separator===---
PersonID: ID5678
Name: Morgan Freeman
Started at: 2022-12-26T02:00:00+02:00
Ended at: 2022-12-26T14:00:00+02:00
Schedule ID: SCHEDID2
Contacts: ['slogan@draftkings.com', 1, '0000000000']
---===Separator===---
PersonID: ID1234
Name: Anton Todorov
Started at: 2022-12-26T14:00:00+02:00
Ended at: 2022-12-27T02:00:00+02:00
Schedule ID: SCHEDID3
Contacts: ['a.todorov@e-mail.email', 359, '000000000']
因此，我必须根据我拥有的这些数据部分计算每个人花费的总小时数。
目前我的对象如下：
class DataItem(object):
def __init__(self, person_id):
self._person_id = person_id
self._updatable_id = ""
@property
def person_id(self):
return self._person_id
@property
def updatable_id(self):
return self._updatable_id
@updatable_id.setter
def updatable_id(self, value):
self._updatable_id = value
@updatable_id.deleter
def updatable_id(self):
del self._updatable_id
class Persons(object):
def __init__(self):
self._ids = []
def find_person_by_id(self, person_id):
# search by id
existing = [i for i in self._ids if i.person_id == person_id]
if not existing:
# create and append
existing_person = DataItem(id)
self._ids.append(existing_person)
else:
# assign to existing
existing_person = existing[0]
# return the object to be acted upon
return existing_person
所以..有人可以帮助我进一步开发该对象，以便我可以将数据正确地存储在它的每个实例中吗？
我很乐意感谢所有详细的建议（尤其是当我也能够理解它们时）。
提前谢谢大家！
根据你正在做的事情，我会考虑做 json 数据格式并做这样的事情。请原谅我快速而肮脏的代码，但我认为从根本上说，您正在寻找一种方法来创建可能适用于您的场景的数据格式。
又看了一遍，感觉这可能就是你要找的格式
[
{
"person_id": "ID1234",
"name": "Anton Todorov",
"schedule": [
{
"schedule_id": "SCHEDID1",
"started_at": "2022-12-26T00:00:00+02:00",
"ended_at": "2022-12-26T02:00:00+02:00"
},
{
"schedule_id": "SCHEDID3",
"started_at": "2022-12-26T14:00:00+02:00",
"ended_at": "2022-12-27T02:00:00+02:00"
}
],
"contact_info": {
"email": "a.todorov@e-mail.email",
"country_code": 359,
"phone_number": "000000000"
}
},
{
"person_id": "ID5678",
"name": "Morgan Freeman",
"schedule": [
{
"schedule_id": "SCHEDID2",
"started_at": "2022-12-26T02:00:00+02:00",
"ended_at": "2022-12-26T14:00:00+02:00"
}
],
"contact_info": {
"email": "slogan@draftkings.com",
"country_code": 1,
"phone_number": "000000000"
}
}
]
代码：
#!/usr/bin/env python
# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
import json
def main():
people = list()
person = dict()
person['person_id'] = 'ID1234'
person['name'] = 'Anton Todorov'
person['schedule'] = list()
schedule = dict()
schedule['schedule_id'] = 'SCHEDID1'
schedule['started_at'] = '2022-12-26T00:00:00+02:00'
schedule['ended_at'] = '2022-12-26T02:00:00+02:00'
person['schedule'].append(schedule)
schedule = dict()
schedule['schedule_id'] = 'SCHEDID3'
schedule['started_at'] = '2022-12-26T14:00:00+02:00'
schedule['ended_at'] = '2022-12-27T02:00:00+02:00'
person['schedule'].append(schedule)
contact_info = dict()
contact_info['email'] = 'a.todorov@e-mail.email'
contact_info['country_code'] = 359
contact_info['phone_number'] = '000000000'
person['contact_info'] = contact_info
people.append(person)
person = dict()
person['person_id'] = 'ID5678'
person['name'] = 'Morgan Freeman'
person['schedule'] = list()
schedule = dict()
schedule['schedule_id'] = 'SCHEDID2'
schedule['started_at'] = '2022-12-26T02:00:00+02:00'
schedule['ended_at'] = '2022-12-26T14:00:00+02:00'
person['schedule'].append(schedule)
contact_info = dict()
contact_info['email'] = 'slogan@draftkings.com'
contact_info['country_code'] = 1
contact_info['phone_number'] = '000000000'
person['contact_info'] = contact_info
people.append(person)
print(json.dumps(people, indent=4))
if __name__ == '__main__':
main()
我终于开发出了我想要的东西。
有点乱，但这正是我需要的。
感谢@Robert Lee 的尝试，尽管这不是我选择继续的。
class PersonData(object):
def __init__(self, email, country_code, phone_number, user_id, names):
self._email = email
self._country_code = country_code
self._phone_number = phone_number
self._user_id = user_id
self._names = names
self._started = []
self._ended = []
self._schedule_id = []
@property
def email(self):
return self._email
@property
def country_code(self):
return self._country_code
@property
def phone_number(self):
return self._phone_number
@property
def user_id(self):
return self._user_id
@property
def names(self):
return self._names
@property
def started(self):
return self._started
@started.setter
def started(self, started):
self._started.append(started)
@started.deleter
def started(self):
del self._started
@property
def ended(self):
return self._ended
@ended.setter
def ended(self, ended):
self._ended.append(ended)
@ended.deleter
def ended(self):
del self._ended
@property
def schedule_id(self):
return self._schedule_id
@schedule_id.setter
def schedule_id(self, schedule_id):
self._schedule_id.append(schedule_id)
@schedule_id.deleter
def schedule_id(self):
del self._schedule_id
class PeopleBuffer(object):
def __init__(self):
self._people = []
def find_by_id(self, email, country_code, phone_number, user_id, names):
# search by id
existing = [i for i in self._people if i.user_id == user_id]
if not existing:
# create and append if not found
existing_person = PersonData(email, country_code, phone_number, user_id, names)
self._people.append(existing_person)
else:
# assign to existing
existing_person = existing[0]
# return an object to be acted upon
return existing_person
def return_all(self):
for each_person in self._people:
print("each_person: ")
print("Email: %s" % each_person.email)
print("Country Code: %s" % each_person.country_code)
print("Phone Number: %s" % each_person.phone_number)
print("User Id: %s" % each_person.user_id)
print("Names: %s" % each_person.names)
print("Started: %s" % each_person.started)
print("Ended: %s" % each_person.ended)
print("ScheduleId: %s" % each_person.schedule_id)
class MainApplication(object):
def __init__(self):
self._buffer = PeopleBuffer()
def _populate_person(self, email, country_code, phone_number, user_id, names, started, ended, schedule_id):
person = self._buffer.find_by_id(email, country_code, phone_number, user_id, names)
person.started.append(started)
person.ended.append(ended)
person.schedule_id.append(schedule_id)
def _print_people(self):
self._buffer.return_all()
def main(self):
while input("Continue? ") != "No":
user_id = input("Enter UserId: ")
names = input("Enter Name: ")
started = input("Enter Started: ")
ended = input("Enter Ended: ")
schedule_id = input("Enter ScheduleId: ")
email = input("Enter Email: ")
country_code = input("Enter CountryCode: ")
phone_number = input("Enter PhoneNumber: ")
self._populate_person(email, country_code, phone_number, user_id, names, started, ended, schedule_id)
self._print_people()
def main():
app = MainApplication()
app.main()
if __name__ == '__main__':
main()
要事第一；您的示例感觉更像是用 Python 编写的 Java 示例。实例变量实际上是属性，因此您的所有 @property 方法都是冗余代码。
dataclasses 模块是针对像您这样的情况实施的。例如，
计划数据class:
# schedule.py
from dataclasses import dataclass, field
from datetime import datetime
from typing import Union
@dataclass(unsafe_hash=True)
class Schedule:
schedule_id: str
start: Union[str, datetime]
end: Union[str, datetime]
def __post_init__(self):
self.start = self._datetime_converter(self.start)
self.end = self._datetime_converter(self.end)
def _datetime_converter(self, dt: str):
return datetime.strptime(dt, '%Y-%m-%dT%H:%M:%S+02:00')
def overlaps_with(self, other: Schedule):
return not ((self.start >= other.end) ^ (other.start >= self.end))
@property
def deltatime(self):
return self.end - self.start
工人数据class:
# worker.py
from functools import reduce
from dataclasses import dataclass, field
from .schedule import Schedule
@dataclass
class Worker:
person_id: str
name: str
contacts: str = field(repr=False)
schedules: set[Schedule] = field(init=False, default_factory=set)
email: str = field(init=False, default='')
country: int = field(init=False, default=-1)
phone: str = field(init=False, default='')
def __post_init__(self):
self.email, self.country, self.phone = self.contacts
@classmethod
def add_from_json(cls, worker_id: str, file: str):
NotImplemented
def overlapping_schedules(self, schedule: Schedule):
return filter(lambda s: s.overlaps_with(schedule), self.schedules)
def schedule_overlaps(self, schedule: Schedule):
return any(self.overlapping_schedules(schedule))
def add_schedule(self, schedule: Schedule):
if not self.schedule_overlaps(schedule):
self.schedules.update({schedule})
else:
NotImplemented
def add_schedules_from_json(self, file: str):
NotImplemented
def remove_schedule(self, schedule: Schedule):
self.schedules -= {schedule}
@property
def total_time_scheduled(self):
deltas = map(lambda s: s.deltatime, self.schedules)
return reduce(lambda x, y: x + y, deltas)
def __hash__(self):
return hash(id(self.person_id))
def __eq__(self, other):
return self.person_id == other.person_id
从理论上讲，您实际上并不需要创建 Workers class。 __hash__ 和 __eq__ 方法会处理这个问题，您只需要创建一个 set[Worker]。但是，如果您仍想创建 Workers class，只需循环现有方法即可。
首先 - 根据建议，请尽量让新手可以理解，因为它太复杂了，它可能没有太大用处，因为我需要在当前问题之后进一步继续。提前谢谢你:)
我正在尝试定义一个包含多个我可能会用到的变量的对象。 到目前为止，我能够为自己创建基本的 class（仅使用对象的 ID），但我现在正在努力添加对象所需的其余变量。
我要用对象的多实例存储的数据如下：
- 用户的 id - 这是我需要通过对象搜索的值，因为我将在我需要计算的不同时间间隔内拥有以下示例数据的多个条目。它不需要在对象变量中更改。
- 姓名 - 我将为其计算所花费时间的人的姓名。它是静态的（不需要在对象变量中更改）。
- Started timestamp 和 Ended timestamp - 此人执行某事的时间。由于我将有多个数据实例传向该对象，因此我需要检查班次是否重叠，如果是，则应避免此类时间，但如果重叠时间之外的额外时间 - 则需添加。例如。如果重叠不是完美匹配，则将花费的额外时间添加到“总花费时间”中。两个时间戳收到的数据采用的格式是我用“datetime.strptime(start, '%Y-%m-%dT%H:%M:%S+02:00')
- 计划 ID - 它是开始和结束时间戳条目的 ID。它可以保存为一个数组，因为除了报告目的外它不会被使用——例如此人在第一班（start_timestamp 到 end_timestamp）期间处理过事情。
- 我需要分隔成两个不同值的联系人数组 - 一个用于电子邮件，另一个用于 phone 号码（包括国家代码）。数组 returns 为 [email, country_code, phone_number]
引用我的示例数据：
PersonID: ID1234
Name: Anton Todorov
Started at: 2022-12-26T00:00:00+02:00
Ended at: 2022-12-26T02:00:00+02:00
Schedule ID: SCHEDID1
Contacts: ['a.todorov@e-mail.email', 359, '000000000']
---===Separator===---
PersonID: ID5678
Name: Morgan Freeman
Started at: 2022-12-26T02:00:00+02:00
Ended at: 2022-12-26T14:00:00+02:00
Schedule ID: SCHEDID2
Contacts: ['slogan@draftkings.com', 1, '0000000000']
---===Separator===---
PersonID: ID1234
Name: Anton Todorov
Started at: 2022-12-26T14:00:00+02:00
Ended at: 2022-12-27T02:00:00+02:00
Schedule ID: SCHEDID3
Contacts: ['a.todorov@e-mail.email', 359, '000000000']
因此，我必须根据我拥有的这些数据部分计算每个人花费的总小时数。
目前我的对象如下：
class DataItem(object):
def __init__(self, person_id):
self._person_id = person_id
self._updatable_id = ""
@property
def person_id(self):
return self._person_id
@property
def updatable_id(self):
return self._updatable_id
@updatable_id.setter
def updatable_id(self, value):
self._updatable_id = value
@updatable_id.deleter
def updatable_id(self):
del self._updatable_id
class Persons(object):
def __init__(self):
self._ids = []
def find_person_by_id(self, person_id):
# search by id
existing = [i for i in self._ids if i.person_id == person_id]
if not existing:
# create and append
existing_person = DataItem(id)
self._ids.append(existing_person)
else:
# assign to existing
existing_person = existing[0]
# return the object to be acted upon
return existing_person
所以..有人可以帮助我进一步开发该对象，以便我可以将数据正确地存储在它的每个实例中吗？
我很乐意感谢所有详细的建议（尤其是当我也能够理解它们时）。
提前谢谢大家！
根据你正在做的事情，我会考虑做 json 数据格式并做这样的事情。请原谅我快速而肮脏的代码，但我认为从根本上说，您正在寻找一种方法来创建可能适用于您的场景的数据格式。
又看了一遍，感觉这可能就是你要找的格式
[
{
"person_id": "ID1234",
"name": "Anton Todorov",
"schedule": [
{
"schedule_id": "SCHEDID1",
"started_at": "2022-12-26T00:00:00+02:00",
"ended_at": "2022-12-26T02:00:00+02:00"
},
{
"schedule_id": "SCHEDID3",
"started_at": "2022-12-26T14:00:00+02:00",
"ended_at": "2022-12-27T02:00:00+02:00"
}
],
"contact_info": {
"email": "a.todorov@e-mail.email",
"country_code": 359,
"phone_number": "000000000"
}
},
{
"person_id": "ID5678",
"name": "Morgan Freeman",
"schedule": [
{
"schedule_id": "SCHEDID2",
"started_at": "2022-12-26T02:00:00+02:00",
"ended_at": "2022-12-26T14:00:00+02:00"
}
],
"contact_info": {
"email": "slogan@draftkings.com",
"country_code": 1,
"phone_number": "000000000"
}
}
]
代码：
#!/usr/bin/env python
# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
import json
def main():
people = list()
person = dict()
person['person_id'] = 'ID1234'
person['name'] = 'Anton Todorov'
person['schedule'] = list()
schedule = dict()
schedule['schedule_id'] = 'SCHEDID1'
schedule['started_at'] = '2022-12-26T00:00:00+02:00'
schedule['ended_at'] = '2022-12-26T02:00:00+02:00'
person['schedule'].append(schedule)
schedule = dict()
schedule['schedule_id'] = 'SCHEDID3'
schedule['started_at'] = '2022-12-26T14:00:00+02:00'
schedule['ended_at'] = '2022-12-27T02:00:00+02:00'
person['schedule'].append(schedule)
contact_info = dict()
contact_info['email'] = 'a.todorov@e-mail.email'
contact_info['country_code'] = 359
contact_info['phone_number'] = '000000000'
person['contact_info'] = contact_info
people.append(person)
person = dict()
person['person_id'] = 'ID5678'
person['name'] = 'Morgan Freeman'
person['schedule'] = list()
schedule = dict()
schedule['schedule_id'] = 'SCHEDID2'
schedule['started_at'] = '2022-12-26T02:00:00+02:00'
schedule['ended_at'] = '2022-12-26T14:00:00+02:00'
person['schedule'].append(schedule)
contact_info = dict()
contact_info['email'] = 'slogan@draftkings.com'
contact_info['country_code'] = 1
contact_info['phone_number'] = '000000000'
person['contact_info'] = contact_info
people.append(person)
print(json.dumps(people, indent=4))
if __name__ == '__main__':
main()
我终于开发出了我想要的东西。 有点乱，但这正是我需要的。
感谢@Robert Lee 的尝试，尽管这不是我选择继续的。
class PersonData(object):
def __init__(self, email, country_code, phone_number, user_id, names):
self._email = email
self._country_code = country_code
self._phone_number = phone_number
self._user_id = user_id
self._names = names
self._started = []
self._ended = []
self._schedule_id = []
@property
def email(self):
return self._email
@property
def country_code(self):
return self._country_code
@property
def phone_number(self):
return self._phone_number
@property
def user_id(self):
return self._user_id
@property
def names(self):
return self._names
@property
def started(self):
return self._started
@started.setter
def started(self, started):
self._started.append(started)
@started.deleter
def started(self):
del self._started
@property
def ended(self):
return self._ended
@ended.setter
def ended(self, ended):
self._ended.append(ended)
@ended.deleter
def ended(self):
del self._ended
@property
def schedule_id(self):
return self._schedule_id
@schedule_id.setter
def schedule_id(self, schedule_id):
self._schedule_id.append(schedule_id)
@schedule_id.deleter
def schedule_id(self):
del self._schedule_id
class PeopleBuffer(object):
def __init__(self):
self._people = []
def find_by_id(self, email, country_code, phone_number, user_id, names):
# search by id
existing = [i for i in self._people if i.user_id == user_id]
if not existing:
# create and append if not found
existing_person = PersonData(email, country_code, phone_number, user_id, names)
self._people.append(existing_person)
else:
# assign to existing
existing_person = existing[0]
# return an object to be acted upon
return existing_person
def return_all(self):
for each_person in self._people:
print("each_person: ")
print("Email: %s" % each_person.email)
print("Country Code: %s" % each_person.country_code)
print("Phone Number: %s" % each_person.phone_number)
print("User Id: %s" % each_person.user_id)
print("Names: %s" % each_person.names)
print("Started: %s" % each_person.started)
print("Ended: %s" % each_person.ended)
print("ScheduleId: %s" % each_person.schedule_id)
class MainApplication(object):
def __init__(self):
self._buffer = PeopleBuffer()
def _populate_person(self, email, country_code, phone_number, user_id, names, started, ended, schedule_id):
person = self._buffer.find_by_id(email, country_code, phone_number, user_id, names)
person.started.append(started)
person.ended.append(ended)
person.schedule_id.append(schedule_id)
def _print_people(self):
self._buffer.return_all()
def main(self):
while input("Continue? ") != "No":
user_id = input("Enter UserId: ")
names = input("Enter Name: ")
started = input("Enter Started: ")
ended = input("Enter Ended: ")
schedule_id = input("Enter ScheduleId: ")
email = input("Enter Email: ")
country_code = input("Enter CountryCode: ")
phone_number = input("Enter PhoneNumber: ")
self._populate_person(email, country_code, phone_number, user_id, names, started, ended, schedule_id)
self._print_people()
def main():
app = MainApplication()
app.main()
if __name__ == '__main__':
main()
要事第一；您的示例感觉更像是用 Python 编写的 Java 示例。实例变量实际上是属性，因此您的所有 @property 方法都是冗余代码。
dataclasses 模块是针对像您这样的情况实施的。例如，
计划数据class:
# schedule.py
from dataclasses import dataclass, field
from datetime import datetime
from typing import Union
@dataclass(unsafe_hash=True)
class Schedule:
schedule_id: str
start: Union[str, datetime]
end: Union[str, datetime]
def __post_init__(self):
self.start = self._datetime_converter(self.start)
self.end = self._datetime_converter(self.end)
def _datetime_converter(self, dt: str):
return datetime.strptime(dt, '%Y-%m-%dT%H:%M:%S+02:00')
def overlaps_with(self, other: Schedule):
return not ((self.start >= other.end) ^ (other.start >= self.end))
@property
def deltatime(self):
return self.end - self.start
工人数据class:
# worker.py
from functools import reduce
from dataclasses import dataclass, field
from .schedule import Schedule
@dataclass
class Worker:
person_id: str
name: str
contacts: str = field(repr=False)
schedules: set[Schedule] = field(init=False, default_factory=set)
email: str = field(init=False, default='')
country: int = field(init=False, default=-1)
phone: str = field(init=False, default='')
def __post_init__(self):
self.email, self.country, self.phone = self.contacts
@classmethod
def add_from_json(cls, worker_id: str, file: str):
NotImplemented
def overlapping_schedules(self, schedule: Schedule):
return filter(lambda s: s.overlaps_with(schedule), self.schedules)
def schedule_overlaps(self, schedule: Schedule):
return any(self.overlapping_schedules(schedule))
def add_schedule(self, schedule: Schedule):
if not self.schedule_overlaps(schedule):
self.schedules.update({schedule})
else:
NotImplemented
def add_schedules_from_json(self, file: str):
NotImplemented
def remove_schedule(self, schedule: Schedule):
self.schedules -= {schedule}
@property
def total_time_scheduled(self):
deltas = map(lambda s: s.deltatime, self.schedules)
return reduce(lambda x, y: x + y, deltas)
def __hash__(self):
return hash(id(self.person_id))
def __eq__(self, other):
return self.person_id == other.person_id
从理论上讲，您实际上并不需要创建 Workers class。 __hash__ 和 __eq__ 方法会处理这个问题，您只需要创建一个 set[Worker]。但是，如果您仍想创建 Workers class，只需循环现有方法即可。