Scala:如何检查是否至少定义了 class 的一个字段?

Scala: How to check if at least one of the fields of a class is defined?

我有一个 class,它有几个可选字段,如下所示:

class Container(f1: Option[String] = None,
                f2: Option[Boolean] = None,
                f3: Option[Int] = None,
                f4: Option[String] = None
                // ... 30 other fields which is unfortunate/terrible and
                // cannot be changed at the moment
                 ) {
  def hasAtleastOneDefinedField: Boolean = {
    this.f1.isDefined ||
      this.f2.isDefined ||
      this.f3.isDefined ||
      this.f4.isDefined
    // this is too-much of boilerplate
  }

  // This is something along the lines of what I want
  def hasAtleastOneDefinedField2: Boolean = {
    // this.getAllDeclaredFields.find(field => field.value.isDefined)
    ???
  }
}

是否可以在不使用反射的情况下做同样的事情?

不确定这能为您节省多少,但是:

  val hasAtLeastOneDefinedField = List(f1, f2, f3, ..., f35).exists { _.isDefined }

不要认为还有 reflection/macros 以外的方法。

只是一个想法,但根据您的预期用途,可能有一些值得考虑的设计模式可以让您的意图更加清晰。

例如,如果您正在尝试确定是否有足够的数据来构造某些东西,那么一种选择是构建器模式,例如:

object ContainerBuilder() {
  def fromF1(f1: F1) = Container(f1 = Some(f1))
  def fromF2(f2: F2) = Container(f2 = Some(f2))
  ...
}

如果您只允许以这种方式构建 Container 实例(例如,Container class' 构造函数仅对构建器可见),您可以确定它们将恰好具有一个字段集(那里有多种方法可以扩展它以生成具有多个字段集的容器,例如见下文)。

这可以扩展到,例如,确保在创建容器之前设置两个、三个……所有字段。例如:

class ContainerBuilder(f1: Option[String] = None,
                       f2: Option[Boolean] = None,
                       f3: Option[Int] = None,
                       f4: Option[String] = None,
                       ...,
                       fieldsSet = 0) {
  // return a copy of this ContainerBuilder - holding any fields already set - 
  // with f1 now set, and the count of set fields incremented: 
  def fromF1(f1: F1) = copy(f1 = Some(f1), fieldsSet = fieldsSet + 1)

  // Likewise but setting the f2 field:
  def fromF2(f2: F2) = copy(f2 = Some(f2), fieldsSet = fieldsSet + 1)

  ...

  def build = if (readyToBuild) Container(f1,f2,...) else ... // for 'unready' cases, you can throw an exception, or change build to return an Option[Container], or whatever.

  def readyToBuild = fieldsSet > 2 // Ensures at least 3 fields set - change to whatever criteria you need.
}

还有几种表达方式:

val o1 = None
val o2 = None
val o3 = Option("o")

o1.orElse(o2).orElse(o3).isDefined

List(o1, o2, o3).flatten.nonEmpty