WebApi 2、OWIN 和 AutoFac - 更改 HttpContextBase 依赖项
WebApi 2, OWIN and AutoFac - change HttpContextBase dependency
最近我决定要集成测试我的 WebApi 2 应用程序。我决定将我的应用程序转换为 OWIN 兼容。我已经包含了所有 NuGet 包并将其与 AutoFac 中间件等连接起来。
然而，当我尝试在示例程序的 Main 方法中使用 HttpClient 测试应用程序时，出现错误：
{
"Message":"An error has occurred.",
"ExceptionMessage":"An error occurred when trying to create a controller of type 'DinnerListController'. Make sure that the controller has a parameterless public constructor.",
"ExceptionType":"System.InvalidOperationException",
"StackTrace":" at System.Web.Http.Dispatcher.DefaultHttpControllerActivator.Create(HttpRequestMessage request, HttpControllerDescriptor controllerDescriptor, Type controllerType)\r\n at System.Web.Http.Controllers.HttpControllerDescriptor.CreateController(HttpRequestMessage request)\r\n at System.Web.Http.Dispatcher.HttpControllerDispatcher.<SendAsync>d__1.MoveNext()",
"InnerException":{
"Message":"An error has occurred.",
"ExceptionMessage":"An exception was thrown while executing a resolve operation. See the InnerException for details. ---> Value cannot be null.\r\nParameter name: httpContext (See inner exception for details.)",
"ExceptionType":"Autofac.Core.DependencyResolutionException",
"StackTrace":" at Autofac.Core.Resolving.ResolveOperation.Execute(IComponentRegistration registration, IEnumerable`1 parameters)\r\n at Autofac.Core.Lifetime.LifetimeScope.ResolveComponent(IComponentRegistration registration, IEnumerable`1 parameters)\r\n at Autofac.ResolutionExtensions.TryResolveService(IComponentContext context, Service service, IEnumerable`1 parameters, Object& instance)\r\n at Autofac.ResolutionExtensions.ResolveOptionalService(IComponentContext context, Service service, IEnumerable`1 parameters)\r\n at Autofac.Integration.WebApi.AutofacWebApiDependencyScope.GetService(Type serviceType)\r\n at System.Web.Http.Dispatcher.DefaultHttpControllerActivator.GetInstanceOrActivator(HttpRequestMessage request, Type controllerType, Func`1& activator)\r\n at System.Web.Http.Dispatcher.DefaultHttpControllerActivator.Create(HttpRequestMessage request, HttpControllerDescriptor controllerDescriptor, Type controllerType)",
"InnerException":{
"Message":"An error has occurred.",
"ExceptionMessage":"Value cannot be null.\r\nParameter name: httpContext",
"ExceptionType":"System.ArgumentNullException",
"StackTrace":" at System.Web.HttpContextWrapper..ctor(HttpContext httpContext)\r\n at Autofac.Integration.Mvc.AutofacWebTypesModule.<Load>b__0(IComponentContext c)\r\n at Autofac.RegistrationExtensions.<>c__DisplayClass10`1.<Register>b__f(IComponentContext c, IEnumerable`1 p)\r\n at Autofac.Builder.RegistrationBuilder.<>c__DisplayClass1`1.<ForDelegate>b__0(IComponentContext c, IEnumerable`1 p)\r\n at Autofac.Core.Activators.Delegate.DelegateActivator.ActivateInstance(IComponentContext context, IEnumerable`1 parameters)\r\n at Autofac.Core.Resolving.InstanceLookup.Activate(IEnumerable`1 parameters)\r\n at Autofac.Core.Resolving.InstanceLookup.<Execute>b__0()\r\n at Autofac.Core.Lifetime.LifetimeScope.GetOrCreateAndShare(Guid id, Func`1 creator)\r\n at Autofac.Core.Resolving.InstanceLookup.Execute()\r\n at Autofac.Core.Resolving.ResolveOperation.GetOrCreateInstance(ISharingLifetimeScope currentOperationScope, IComponentRegistration registration, IEnumerable`1 parameters)\r\n at Autofac.Core.Resolving.InstanceLookup.ResolveComponent(IComponentRegistration registration, IEnumerable`1 parameters)\r\n at Autofac.Core.Registration.ExternalRegistrySource.<>c__DisplayClass8.<RegistrationsFor>b__3(IComponentContext c, IEnumerable`1 p)\r\n at Autofac.Core.Activators.Delegate.DelegateActivator.ActivateInstance(IComponentContext context, IEnumerable`1 parameters)\r\n at Autofac.Core.Resolving.InstanceLookup.Activate(IEnumerable`1 parameters)\r\n at Autofac.Core.Resolving.InstanceLookup.Execute()\r\n at Autofac.Core.Resolving.ResolveOperation.GetOrCreateInstance(ISharingLifetimeScope currentOperationScope, IComponentRegistration registration, IEnumerable`1 parameters)\r\n at Autofac.Core.Resolving.InstanceLookup.ResolveComponent(IComponentRegistration registration, IEnumerable`1 parameters)\r\n at Autofac.Core.Activators.Reflection.AutowiringParameter.<>c__DisplayClass2.<CanSupplyValue>b__0()\r\n at Autofac.Core.Activators.Reflection.ConstructorParameterBinding.Instantiate()\r\n at Autofac.Core.Activators.Reflection.ReflectionActivator.ActivateInstance(IComponentContext context, IEnumerable`1 parameters)\r\n at Autofac.Core.Resolving.InstanceLookup.Activate(IEnumerable`1 parameters)\r\n at Autofac.Core.Resolving.InstanceLookup.<Execute>b__0()\r\n at Autofac.Core.Lifetime.LifetimeScope.GetOrCreateAndShare(Guid id, Func`1 creator)\r\n at Autofac.Core.Resolving.InstanceLookup.Execute()\r\n at Autofac.Core.Resolving.ResolveOperation.GetOrCreateInstance(ISharingLifetimeScope currentOperationScope, IComponentRegistration registration, IEnumerable`1 parameters)\r\n at Autofac.Core.Resolving.InstanceLookup.ResolveComponent(IComponentRegistration registration, IEnumerable`1 parameters)\r\n at Autofac.Core.Registration.ExternalRegistrySource.<>c__DisplayClass8.<RegistrationsFor>b__3(IComponentContext c, IEnumerable`1 p)\r\n at Autofac.Core.Activators.Delegate.DelegateActivator.ActivateInstance(IComponentContext context, IEnumerable`1 parameters)\r\n at Autofac.Core.Resolving.InstanceLookup.Activate(IEnumerable`1 parameters)\r\n at Autofac.Core.Resolving.InstanceLookup.Execute()\r\n at Autofac.Core.Resolving.ResolveOperation.GetOrCreateInstance(ISharingLifetimeScope currentOperationScope, IComponentRegistration registration, IEnumerable`1 parameters)\r\n at Autofac.Core.Resolving.InstanceLookup.ResolveComponent(IComponentRegistration registration, IEnumerable`1 parameters)\r\n at Autofac.Core.Activators.Reflection.AutowiringParameter.<>c__DisplayClass2.<CanSupplyValue>b__0()\r\n at Autofac.Core.Activators.Reflection.ConstructorParameterBinding.Instantiate()\r\n at Autofac.Core.Activators.Reflection.ReflectionActivator.ActivateInstance(IComponentContext context, IEnumerable`1 parameters)\r\n at Autofac.Core.Resolving.InstanceLookup.Activate(IEnumerable`1 parameters)\r\n at Autofac.Core.Resolving.InstanceLookup.<Execute>b__0()\r\n at Autofac.Core.Lifetime.LifetimeScope.GetOrCreateAndShare(Guid id, Func`1 creator)\r\n at Autofac.Core.Resolving.InstanceLookup.Execute()\r\n at Autofac.Core.Resolving.ResolveOperation.GetOrCreateInstance(ISharingLifetimeScope currentOperationScope, IComponentRegistration registration, IEnumerable`1 parameters)\r\n at Autofac.Core.Resolving.InstanceLookup.ResolveComponent(IComponentRegistration registration, IEnumerable`1 parameters)\r\n at Autofac.Core.Registration.ExternalRegistrySource.<>c__DisplayClass8.<RegistrationsFor>b__3(IComponentContext c, IEnumerable`1 p)\r\n at Autofac.Core.Activators.Delegate.DelegateActivator.ActivateInstance(IComponentContext context, IEnumerable`1 parameters)\r\n at Autofac.Core.Resolving.InstanceLookup.Activate(IEnumerable`1 parameters)\r\n at Autofac.Core.Resolving.InstanceLookup.Execute()\r\n at Autofac.Core.Resolving.ResolveOperation.GetOrCreateInstance(ISharingLifetimeScope currentOperationScope, IComponentRegistration registration, IEnumerable`1 parameters)\r\n at Autofac.Core.Resolving.ResolveOperation.Execute(IComponentRegistration registration, IEnumerable`1 parameters)"
}
}
}
我找出了原因：我的服务依赖于 HttpContextBase 从 cookie 中存储和提取内容：
public CookieUserService(HttpContextBase httpContext)
并且 AutoFac 无法初始化此 class。当我尝试另一种实现时，没有 HttpContextBase，依赖它工作。
所以问题是：有没有办法在使用 OWIN 时访问 cookie，这样我就可以重构服务并摆脱 HttContextBase（和 Web.dll）依赖项？
切换到 OWIN 时，对 System.Web 等的所有依赖项都将失效，因为它们将应用程序与 IIS 托管环境紧密耦合。因此 AutoFac 无法将 HttpContextBase 作为依赖项注入到我的服务中，因为它无法 instan.
为了克服这个问题，服务应该依赖于 OWIN 特定接口，而不是像 HttpContextBase 这样使用 System.Web 依赖项，它提供应用程序和托管环境之间的抽象。
在我的具体情况下，我将服务更改为依赖于 IOwinContext，如下所示：
public OwinCookieUserService(IOwinContext owinContext)
{
if (owinContext == null) throw new ArgumentNullException(nameof(owinContext));
_owinContext = owinContext;
}
添加两个额外的 NuGet 包后：
- Autofac.Owin
- Autofac.WebApi2.Owin
我能够在我的 Startup 中将 AutoFac 和 OWIN 粘合在一起 class:
public class Startup
{
public void Configuration(IAppBuilder appBuilder)
{
var httpConfiguration = new HttpConfiguration();
...
AutoFacConfig.ConfigureAutoFac(httpConfiguration);
appBuilder.UseAutofacMiddleware(AutoFacConfig.Container);
appBuilder.UseAutofacWebApi(httpConfiguration);
appBuilder.UseWebApi(httpConfiguration);
}
}
在我的 AutoFac 映射中，我有以下例程来定义我的服务依赖项：
....
builder.RegisterType<OwinCookieUserService>().AsImplementedInterfaces().InstancePerLifetimeScope();
....
基本上就是这样！我不必专门为 OWIN 接口和 classes 设置映射，它就可以正常工作。我希望这会在未来对你们中的一些人有所帮助。
最近我决定要集成测试我的 WebApi 2 应用程序。我决定将我的应用程序转换为 OWIN 兼容。我已经包含了所有 NuGet 包并将其与 AutoFac 中间件等连接起来。
然而，当我尝试在示例程序的 Main 方法中使用 HttpClient 测试应用程序时，出现错误：
{
"Message":"An error has occurred.",
"ExceptionMessage":"An error occurred when trying to create a controller of type 'DinnerListController'. Make sure that the controller has a parameterless public constructor.",
"ExceptionType":"System.InvalidOperationException",
"StackTrace":" at System.Web.Http.Dispatcher.DefaultHttpControllerActivator.Create(HttpRequestMessage request, HttpControllerDescriptor controllerDescriptor, Type controllerType)\r\n at System.Web.Http.Controllers.HttpControllerDescriptor.CreateController(HttpRequestMessage request)\r\n at System.Web.Http.Dispatcher.HttpControllerDispatcher.<SendAsync>d__1.MoveNext()",
"InnerException":{
"Message":"An error has occurred.",
"ExceptionMessage":"An exception was thrown while executing a resolve operation. See the InnerException for details. ---> Value cannot be null.\r\nParameter name: httpContext (See inner exception for details.)",
"ExceptionType":"Autofac.Core.DependencyResolutionException",
"StackTrace":" at Autofac.Core.Resolving.ResolveOperation.Execute(IComponentRegistration registration, IEnumerable`1 parameters)\r\n at Autofac.Core.Lifetime.LifetimeScope.ResolveComponent(IComponentRegistration registration, IEnumerable`1 parameters)\r\n at Autofac.ResolutionExtensions.TryResolveService(IComponentContext context, Service service, IEnumerable`1 parameters, Object& instance)\r\n at Autofac.ResolutionExtensions.ResolveOptionalService(IComponentContext context, Service service, IEnumerable`1 parameters)\r\n at Autofac.Integration.WebApi.AutofacWebApiDependencyScope.GetService(Type serviceType)\r\n at System.Web.Http.Dispatcher.DefaultHttpControllerActivator.GetInstanceOrActivator(HttpRequestMessage request, Type controllerType, Func`1& activator)\r\n at System.Web.Http.Dispatcher.DefaultHttpControllerActivator.Create(HttpRequestMessage request, HttpControllerDescriptor controllerDescriptor, Type controllerType)",
"InnerException":{
"Message":"An error has occurred.",
"ExceptionMessage":"Value cannot be null.\r\nParameter name: httpContext",
"ExceptionType":"System.ArgumentNullException",
"StackTrace":" at System.Web.HttpContextWrapper..ctor(HttpContext httpContext)\r\n at Autofac.Integration.Mvc.AutofacWebTypesModule.<Load>b__0(IComponentContext c)\r\n at Autofac.RegistrationExtensions.<>c__DisplayClass10`1.<Register>b__f(IComponentContext c, IEnumerable`1 p)\r\n at Autofac.Builder.RegistrationBuilder.<>c__DisplayClass1`1.<ForDelegate>b__0(IComponentContext c, IEnumerable`1 p)\r\n at Autofac.Core.Activators.Delegate.DelegateActivator.ActivateInstance(IComponentContext context, IEnumerable`1 parameters)\r\n at Autofac.Core.Resolving.InstanceLookup.Activate(IEnumerable`1 parameters)\r\n at Autofac.Core.Resolving.InstanceLookup.<Execute>b__0()\r\n at Autofac.Core.Lifetime.LifetimeScope.GetOrCreateAndShare(Guid id, Func`1 creator)\r\n at Autofac.Core.Resolving.InstanceLookup.Execute()\r\n at Autofac.Core.Resolving.ResolveOperation.GetOrCreateInstance(ISharingLifetimeScope currentOperationScope, IComponentRegistration registration, IEnumerable`1 parameters)\r\n at Autofac.Core.Resolving.InstanceLookup.ResolveComponent(IComponentRegistration registration, IEnumerable`1 parameters)\r\n at Autofac.Core.Registration.ExternalRegistrySource.<>c__DisplayClass8.<RegistrationsFor>b__3(IComponentContext c, IEnumerable`1 p)\r\n at Autofac.Core.Activators.Delegate.DelegateActivator.ActivateInstance(IComponentContext context, IEnumerable`1 parameters)\r\n at Autofac.Core.Resolving.InstanceLookup.Activate(IEnumerable`1 parameters)\r\n at Autofac.Core.Resolving.InstanceLookup.Execute()\r\n at Autofac.Core.Resolving.ResolveOperation.GetOrCreateInstance(ISharingLifetimeScope currentOperationScope, IComponentRegistration registration, IEnumerable`1 parameters)\r\n at Autofac.Core.Resolving.InstanceLookup.ResolveComponent(IComponentRegistration registration, IEnumerable`1 parameters)\r\n at Autofac.Core.Activators.Reflection.AutowiringParameter.<>c__DisplayClass2.<CanSupplyValue>b__0()\r\n at Autofac.Core.Activators.Reflection.ConstructorParameterBinding.Instantiate()\r\n at Autofac.Core.Activators.Reflection.ReflectionActivator.ActivateInstance(IComponentContext context, IEnumerable`1 parameters)\r\n at Autofac.Core.Resolving.InstanceLookup.Activate(IEnumerable`1 parameters)\r\n at Autofac.Core.Resolving.InstanceLookup.<Execute>b__0()\r\n at Autofac.Core.Lifetime.LifetimeScope.GetOrCreateAndShare(Guid id, Func`1 creator)\r\n at Autofac.Core.Resolving.InstanceLookup.Execute()\r\n at Autofac.Core.Resolving.ResolveOperation.GetOrCreateInstance(ISharingLifetimeScope currentOperationScope, IComponentRegistration registration, IEnumerable`1 parameters)\r\n at Autofac.Core.Resolving.InstanceLookup.ResolveComponent(IComponentRegistration registration, IEnumerable`1 parameters)\r\n at Autofac.Core.Registration.ExternalRegistrySource.<>c__DisplayClass8.<RegistrationsFor>b__3(IComponentContext c, IEnumerable`1 p)\r\n at Autofac.Core.Activators.Delegate.DelegateActivator.ActivateInstance(IComponentContext context, IEnumerable`1 parameters)\r\n at Autofac.Core.Resolving.InstanceLookup.Activate(IEnumerable`1 parameters)\r\n at Autofac.Core.Resolving.InstanceLookup.Execute()\r\n at Autofac.Core.Resolving.ResolveOperation.GetOrCreateInstance(ISharingLifetimeScope currentOperationScope, IComponentRegistration registration, IEnumerable`1 parameters)\r\n at Autofac.Core.Resolving.InstanceLookup.ResolveComponent(IComponentRegistration registration, IEnumerable`1 parameters)\r\n at Autofac.Core.Activators.Reflection.AutowiringParameter.<>c__DisplayClass2.<CanSupplyValue>b__0()\r\n at Autofac.Core.Activators.Reflection.ConstructorParameterBinding.Instantiate()\r\n at Autofac.Core.Activators.Reflection.ReflectionActivator.ActivateInstance(IComponentContext context, IEnumerable`1 parameters)\r\n at Autofac.Core.Resolving.InstanceLookup.Activate(IEnumerable`1 parameters)\r\n at Autofac.Core.Resolving.InstanceLookup.<Execute>b__0()\r\n at Autofac.Core.Lifetime.LifetimeScope.GetOrCreateAndShare(Guid id, Func`1 creator)\r\n at Autofac.Core.Resolving.InstanceLookup.Execute()\r\n at Autofac.Core.Resolving.ResolveOperation.GetOrCreateInstance(ISharingLifetimeScope currentOperationScope, IComponentRegistration registration, IEnumerable`1 parameters)\r\n at Autofac.Core.Resolving.InstanceLookup.ResolveComponent(IComponentRegistration registration, IEnumerable`1 parameters)\r\n at Autofac.Core.Registration.ExternalRegistrySource.<>c__DisplayClass8.<RegistrationsFor>b__3(IComponentContext c, IEnumerable`1 p)\r\n at Autofac.Core.Activators.Delegate.DelegateActivator.ActivateInstance(IComponentContext context, IEnumerable`1 parameters)\r\n at Autofac.Core.Resolving.InstanceLookup.Activate(IEnumerable`1 parameters)\r\n at Autofac.Core.Resolving.InstanceLookup.Execute()\r\n at Autofac.Core.Resolving.ResolveOperation.GetOrCreateInstance(ISharingLifetimeScope currentOperationScope, IComponentRegistration registration, IEnumerable`1 parameters)\r\n at Autofac.Core.Resolving.ResolveOperation.Execute(IComponentRegistration registration, IEnumerable`1 parameters)"
}
}
}
我找出了原因：我的服务依赖于 HttpContextBase 从 cookie 中存储和提取内容：
public CookieUserService(HttpContextBase httpContext)
并且 AutoFac 无法初始化此 class。当我尝试另一种实现时，没有 HttpContextBase，依赖它工作。
所以问题是：有没有办法在使用 OWIN 时访问 cookie，这样我就可以重构服务并摆脱 HttContextBase（和 Web.dll）依赖项？
切换到 OWIN 时，对 System.Web 等的所有依赖项都将失效，因为它们将应用程序与 IIS 托管环境紧密耦合。因此 AutoFac 无法将 HttpContextBase 作为依赖项注入到我的服务中，因为它无法 instan.
为了克服这个问题，服务应该依赖于 OWIN 特定接口，而不是像 HttpContextBase 这样使用 System.Web 依赖项，它提供应用程序和托管环境之间的抽象。
在我的具体情况下，我将服务更改为依赖于 IOwinContext，如下所示：
public OwinCookieUserService(IOwinContext owinContext)
{
if (owinContext == null) throw new ArgumentNullException(nameof(owinContext));
_owinContext = owinContext;
}
添加两个额外的 NuGet 包后：
- Autofac.Owin
- Autofac.WebApi2.Owin
我能够在我的 Startup 中将 AutoFac 和 OWIN 粘合在一起 class:
public class Startup
{
public void Configuration(IAppBuilder appBuilder)
{
var httpConfiguration = new HttpConfiguration();
...
AutoFacConfig.ConfigureAutoFac(httpConfiguration);
appBuilder.UseAutofacMiddleware(AutoFacConfig.Container);
appBuilder.UseAutofacWebApi(httpConfiguration);
appBuilder.UseWebApi(httpConfiguration);
}
}
在我的 AutoFac 映射中，我有以下例程来定义我的服务依赖项：
....
builder.RegisterType<OwinCookieUserService>().AsImplementedInterfaces().InstancePerLifetimeScope();
....
基本上就是这样！我不必专门为 OWIN 接口和 classes 设置映射，它就可以正常工作。我希望这会在未来对你们中的一些人有所帮助。