shared_ptr 多线程销毁安全吗?

Is shared_ptr destruction safe with multiple threads?

我有两个类类似这样的:

class Foo {
 public:
  void bar() {
    std::lock_guard<std::mutex> lock(m_mutex);
    m_data.push_back('x');
  }
 private:
  std::string m_data;
  std::mutex m_mutex;
};

class Pool {
 public:
   static std::shared_ptr<Foo> Create(int index) {
     std::lock_guard<std::mutex> lock(m_mutex);
     if (m_pool.size() > 10) {
       m_pool.erase(m_pool.begin());
     }
     std::shared_ptr<Foo>& ptr = m_pool[index];
     if (!ptr) ptr.reset(new Foo);
     return ptr;
   }
 private:
   static std::mutex m_mutex;
   static std::map<int, std::shared_ptr<Foo>> m_pool;
};

和几个线程运行这段代码:

void parallel_function(int index) {
  // several threads can get the same index
  std::shared_ptr<Foo> foo = Pool::Create(index);
  foo->bar();
}

Cppreference

All member functions (including copy constructor and copy assignment) can be called by multiple threads on different instances of shared_ptr without additional synchronization even if these instances are copies and share ownership of the same object. If multiple threads of execution access the same shared_ptr without synchronization and any of those accesses uses a non-const member function of shared_ptr then a data race will occur; the shared_ptr overloads of atomic functions can be used to prevent the data race.

两个问题:

  1. 因为 Pool::Create 总是 returns 个 shared_ptr 的副本,我假设每个 shared_ptr 的副本和销毁都是线程安全的,如果它发生在 m_pool.eraseparallel_function 结束时。这是正确的吗?

  2. 我调用了shared_ptr::operator->,它是一个const成员函数,Foo::bar这个函数是线程安全的。这里有数据竞赛吗?

总结一下我的意见。

  1. 是的,这是线程安全的,因为您在不同的线程中操作 shared_ptr 的单独副本。这是传递 shared_ptrs 的副本实际上是合理的少数情况之一。
  2. operator-> 是一个 const member。所以基本上你的代码是好的,只要 Foo::bar 是无竞争的(现在显然是这样)。