单例 DI 的 picocontainer

Question

我正在尝试将 picocontainer 用于 DI，但仍然多次实例化我的共享对象，而不是作为单例自动管理。下面举个例子来说明。类 ASteps 和 BSteps 通过它们的构造函数接收一个 SharedObject 实例。我希望 picocontainer 将其作为单例进行管理：根据 Cucumber 文档仅实例化一次。相反，我看到它为 ASteps 实例化一次，为 BSteps 实例化一次：

Running my.domain.CucumberRunTest
 INFO [main] (CucumberHooks.java:15) - Executing before()
 INFO [main] (SharedObject.java:11) - SharedObject - instantiated
 INFO [main] (ASteps.java:21) - Executing a_step_one()
 INFO [main] (ASteps.java:26) - Executing a_step_two()
 INFO [main] (ASteps.java:31) - Executing a_step_three()
 INFO [main] (CucumberHooks.java:20) - Executing after()
 INFO [main] (CucumberHooks.java:15) - Executing before()
 INFO [main] (SharedObject.java:11) - SharedObject - instantiated
 INFO [main] (BSteps.java:23) - Executing b_step_one()
 INFO [main] (BSteps.java:28) - Executing b_step_two()
 INFO [main] (BSteps.java:33) - Executing b_step_three()
 INFO [main] (CucumberHooks.java:20) - Executing after()

我做错了什么？这是代码：

package my.domain;
import org.slf4j.Logger;
import org.slf4j.LoggerFactory;

import cucumber.api.java.en.Given;
import cucumber.api.java.en.Then;
import cucumber.api.java.en.When;

public class ASteps {

final Logger log = LoggerFactory.getLogger(getClass());
SharedObject sharedObject;

public ASteps(SharedObject sharedObject) {
this.sharedObject = sharedObject;
}

@Given("^A step one$")
public void a_step_one() {
log.info("Executing a_step_one()");
}

@When("^A step two$")
public void a_step_two() {
log.info("Executing a_step_two()");
}

@Then("^A step three$")
public void a_step_three() {
log.info("Executing a_step_three()");
}
}

************************

package my.domain;

import org.slf4j.Logger;
import org.slf4j.LoggerFactory;

import cucumber.api.java.en.Given;
import cucumber.api.java.en.Then;
import cucumber.api.java.en.When;

public class BSteps {

final Logger log = LoggerFactory.getLogger(getClass());
SharedObject sharedObject;

public BSteps(SharedObject sharedObject) {
this.sharedObject = sharedObject;
}

@Given("^B step one$")
public void b_step_one() {
log.info("Executing b_step_one()");
}

@When("^B step two$")
public void b_step_two() {
log.info("Executing b_step_two()");
}

@Then("^B step three$")
public void b_step_three() {
log.info("Executing b_step_three()");
}
}

************************

package my.domain;
import org.slf4j.Logger;
import org.slf4j.LoggerFactory;

import cucumber.api.java.After;
import cucumber.api.java.Before;

public class CucumberHooks {

final Logger log = LoggerFactory.getLogger(getClass());

@Before
public void before() {
log.info("Executing before()");
}

@After
public void after() {
log.info("Executing after()");

}
}

*********************

package my.domain;

import org.junit.runner.RunWith;

import cucumber.api.junit.Cucumber;

@RunWith(Cucumber.class)
public class CucumberRunTest {

}

**********************

package my.domain;

import org.slf4j.Logger;
import org.slf4j.LoggerFactory;

public class SharedObject {

final Logger log = LoggerFactory.getLogger(getClass());

public SharedObject() {
log.info("SharedObject - instantiated");
}
}

Answer 1

pico容器的缓存是reset场景之间，当世界在场景结束时被处理掉。

这非常符合每个设计以避免场景之间的状态泄漏并使它们隔离，因此测试顺序不会影响结果。

如果你确实希望在场景 A 和场景 B 之间保持状态，你要么需要在 pico 容器之外自己处理 SharedObject，要么你可以明确这两个场景之间的依赖关系——因为例如使用 Background.

Answer 2

我希望现在回答你的问题还为时不晚。

其实，你可以拥有你想要的。我看到您还想拥有一个浏览器实例。您必须使用静态对象才能做到这一点。我创建了一点 class 以避免每次测试之间驱动程序的 Open/close。它由 picocontainer 管理。在您的 stepDefinition classes 中，您必须实现 "same" 构造函数。

这是一个示例：

public class myStepDefinition{
    private Drivers context;
    public myStepDefinition(Drivers context){
        this.context = context;
        // whatever you want to do
    }
}

public class Drivers {
    private static boolean initialized = false;
    private static WebDriver driver;

    @Before
    public void initialize(){
        if (!initialized){
            initialized = true;
            driver = new FirefoxDriver();
            driver.manage().window().maximize();
            driver.get("http://www.myurl.url");
        }
    }

    public static WebDriver getDriver(){
        return driver;
    }
}

请记住，您必须在每次测试（通过或失败）后返回登录页面或起始页面

此致，

尼古拉斯

单例 DI 的 picocontainer

picocontainer for singleton DI

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