这是在 Oracle 数据库中使用 MERGE 的唯一方法吗？

Question

我的第一步是 Sql 服务器数据库项目，我正在寻找一种方法来填充 post 部署脚本中的引用表，而无需每次都删除和重新填充它们。经过一些研究，我偶然发现了这个博客条目：

http://blogs.msdn.com/b/ssdt/archive/2012/02/02/including-data-in-an-sql-server-database-project.aspx

基本上用这个例子描述了 MERGE 语句的行为：

-- Reference Data for AddressType
MERGE INTO AddressType AS Target
USING (VALUES
  (0, N'Undefined'),
  (1, N'Billing'),
  (2, N'Home'),
  (3, N'Main Office'),
  (4, N'Primary'),
  (5, N'Shipping'),
  (6, N'Archive')
)
AS Source (AddressTypeID, Name)
ON Target.AddressTypeID = Source.AddressTypeID
-- update matched rows
WHEN MATCHED THEN
UPDATE SET Name = Source.Name
-- insert new rows
WHEN NOT MATCHED BY TARGET THEN
INSERT (AddressTypeID, Name)
VALUES (AddressTypeID, Name)
-- delete rows that are in the target but not the source
WHEN NOT MATCHED BY SOURCE THEN
DELETE

因为我也使用 Oracle 数据库，所以我尝试将前面的示例改编为 Oracle 10g 语法，并且生成了如下内容：

-- Reference Data for AddressType
MERGE INTO AddressType AS T
USING (WITH CTE AS (
  SELECT 0 AS AddressTypeID, 'Undefined' AS Name FROM DUAL
  UNION 
  SELECT 1 AS AddressTypeID, 'Billing' AS Name FROM DUAL
  UNION
  SELECT 2 AS AddressTypeID, 'Home' AS Name FROM DUAL
  UNION
  SELECT 3 AS AddressTypeID, 'Main Office' AS Name FROM DUAL
  UNION
  SELECT 4 AS AddressTypeID, 'Primary' AS Name FROM DUAL
  UNION
  SELECT 5 AS AddressTypeID, 'Shipping' AS Name FROM DUAL
  UNION
  SELECT 6 AS AddressTypeID, 'Archive'AS Name FROM DUAL
)
SELECT AddressTypeID, Name FROM CTE
)
AS S 
ON T.AddressTypeID = S.AddressTypeID
-- update matched rows
WHEN MATCHED THEN
UPDATE SET T.Name = S.Name
-- insert new rows
WHEN NOT MATCHED 
INSERT (T.AddressTypeID, T.Name)
VALUES (S.AddressTypeID, S.Name)

除了不完全等同（不删除不在源中的行）之外，我发现语法特别笨拙。

是否有适用于 Oracle 的任何语法快捷方式SQL?

Answer 1

我没有看到任何捷径，MERGE 的语法是你所拥有的。

您唯一可以摆脱的是 WITH 子句，即 USING 子句中的 CTE。你可以简单地把它写成：

-- Reference Data for AddressType
MERGE INTO AddressType AS T
USING (
  SELECT 0 AS AddressTypeID, 'Undefined' AS Name FROM DUAL
  UNION 
  SELECT 1 AS AddressTypeID, 'Billing' AS Name FROM DUAL
  UNION
  SELECT 2 AS AddressTypeID, 'Home' AS Name FROM DUAL
  UNION
  SELECT 3 AS AddressTypeID, 'Main Office' AS Name FROM DUAL
  UNION
  SELECT 4 AS AddressTypeID, 'Primary' AS Name FROM DUAL
  UNION
  SELECT 5 AS AddressTypeID, 'Shipping' AS Name FROM DUAL
  UNION
  SELECT 6 AS AddressTypeID, 'Archive'AS NAME FROM DUAL
      ) AS S 
ON T.AddressTypeID = S.AddressTypeID
-- update matched rows
WHEN MATCHED THEN
UPDATE SET T.Name = S.Name
-- insert new rows
WHEN NOT MATCHED 
INSERT (T.AddressTypeID, T.Name)
VALUES (S.AddressTypeID, S.Name)

当然，您不能更新 ON 子句中提到的列。

这是在 Oracle 数据库中使用 MERGE 的唯一方法吗？

Is this the only way to use MERGE in Oracle database?

sql

oracle10g

sql-server-2008

visual-studio-2013