使用 PHPUnit 和 Selenium 设置测试

Question

你能帮我设置我的测试环境吗？我在 Ubuntu 上运行，安装了 selenium 网络服务器（和运行），并使用 PHPUnit 我正在执行我的测试。很可能我遇到了一些小错误，但我现在不知道如何解决它。

我的代码很简单

class WebTest extends PHPUnit_Extensions_Selenium2TestCase 
{
protected function setUp()

{
    $this->setBrowser('firefox');
    $this->setBrowserUrl('http://www.google.com/');
}

public function testTitle()
{
    $this->url('http://www.google.com/');
    $this->assertEquals('google', $this->title());
}

但出现此错误

PHP Fatal error: Class 'PHPUnit_Extensions_Selenium2TestCase' not found in /home/jozef/vendor/phpunit/phpunit-selenium/WebTest.php on line 4

我已经安装了 Selenium

你能帮我继续吗？谢谢:)

Answer 1

您最近是否更新了您的 php 设备？

最新版本的 php 单元不再使用此 php 绑定编译，只是面临同样的问题。

可以使用 phpunit-4.7.0 版本进行测试吗？

/usr/bin/wget https://phar.phpunit.de/phpunit-4.7.0.phar -O /vagrant/tools/phpunit.phar && chmod +x /vagrant/tools/phpunit.phar && sudo mv /vagrant/tools/phpunit.phar /usr/local/bin/phpunit

搜索了我的 bash 历史并粘贴到那里，只需根据您的环境更正路径即可。

上面的行应该将您的 php 单元更新为 4.7.0 版本，这是一个使用 PHPUnit_Extensions_Selenium2TestCase 绑定编译 phar 的版本。

这应该有效，只要确保此 php 单元版本降级不会对您造成任何副作用。

Answer 2

这里是如何在 phpUnit、MacOS、laravel 5.2、firefox 上记录在 Firefox 上运行 Selenium IDE 测试的说明。我还展示了如何在此处设置屏幕截图（我还设置了 Laravel 以访问数据库以在测试结束后对其进行清理）：

在您的 test-s 目录中，创建 selenium 目录。并创建文件： SeleniumClearTestCase.php

class SeleniumClearTestCase extends MigrationToSelenium2 // Because seleniumIDE tests are written in old format (selenium 1) so we use this adapter
    {
        protected $baseUrl = 'http://yourservice.dev';
    
        protected function setUp()
        {
            $screenshots_dir = __DIR__.'/screenshots';
            if (! file_exists($screenshots_dir)) {
                mkdir($screenshots_dir, 0777, true);
            }
            $this->listener = new PHPUnit_Extensions_Selenium2TestCase_ScreenshotListener($screenshots_dir);
    
            $this->setBrowser('firefox');
            $this->setBrowserUrl($this->baseUrl);
            $this->createApplication(); // bootstrap laravel app
        }
    
        public function onNotSuccessfulTest($e)
        {
            $this->listener->addError($this, $e, null);
            parent::onNotSuccessfulTest($e);
        }
    
        /**
         * Make screenshot.
         * @return
         */
        public function screenshot()
        {
            $this->listener->addError($this, new Exception, null); // this function create screenshot
        }
    
        /**
         * Creates the application.
         *
         * @return \Illuminate\Foundation\Application
         */
        public function createApplication()
        {
            $app = require __DIR__.'/../../bootstrap/app.php';
    
            $app->make(Illuminate\Contracts\Console\Kernel::class)->bootstrap();
    
            return $app;
        }
    }

下一个文件：MigrationToSelenium2.php（来自 github 但我添加了一些修改）：

    <?php
    /*
     * Copyright 2013 Roman Nix
     *
     * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
     * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
     * You may obtain a copy of the License at
     *
     * http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
     *
     * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
     * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
     * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
     * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
     * limitations under the License.
     */
    /**
     * Implements adapter for migration from PHPUnit_Extensions_SeleniumTestCase
     * to PHPUnit_Extensions_Selenium2TestCase.
     *
     * If user's TestCase class is implemented with old format (with commands
     * like open, type, waitForPageToLoad), it should extend MigrationToSelenium2
     * for Selenium 2 WebDriver support.
     */
    abstract class MigrationToSelenium2 extends LaravelTestCase // MY modification - extends diffrent class. If you don't want use laravel, extends this class by PHPUnit_Extensions_Selenium2TestCase
    {
        public function open($url)
        {
            $this->url($url);
        }
    
        public function type($selector, $value)
        {
            $input = $this->byQuery($selector);
            $input->value($value);
        }
    
        protected function byQuery($selector)
        {
            if (preg_match('/^\/\/(.+)/', $selector)) {
                /* "//a[contains(@href, '?logout')]" */
                return $this->byXPath($selector);
            } elseif (preg_match('/^([a-z]+)=(.+)/', $selector, $match)) {
                /* "id=login_name" */
                switch ($match[1]) {
                    case 'id':
                        return $this->byId($match[2]);
                        break;
                    case 'name':
                        return $this->byName($match[2]);
                        break;
                    case 'link':
                        return $this->byPartialLinkText($match[2]);
                        break;
                    case 'xpath':
                        return $this->byXPath($match[2]);
                        break;
                    case 'css':
                        $cssSelector = str_replace('..', '.', $match[2]);
    
                        return $this->byCssSelector($cssSelector);
                        break;
    
                }
            }
            throw new Exception("Unknown selector '$selector'");
        }
    
        protected function waitForPageToLoad($timeout)
        {
            $this->timeouts()->implicitWait((int) $timeout); // MY modification - cast to 'int'
        }
    
        public function click($selector)
        {
            $input = $this->byQuery($selector);
            $input->click();
        }
    
        public function select($selectSelector, $optionSelector)
        {
            $selectElement = parent::select($this->byQuery($selectSelector));
            if (preg_match('/label=(.+)/', $optionSelector, $match)) {
                $selectElement->selectOptionByLabel($match[1]);
            } elseif (preg_match('/value=(.+)/', $optionSelector, $match)) {
                $selectElement->selectOptionByValue($match[1]);
            } else {
                throw new Exception("Unknown option selector '$optionSelector'");
            }
        }
    
        public function isTextPresent($text)
        {
            if (strpos($this->byCssSelector('body')->text(), $text) !== false) {
                return true;
            } else {
                return false;
            }
        }
    
        public function isElementPresent($selector)
        {
            $element = $this->byQuery($selector);
            if ($element->name()) {
                return true;
            } else {
                return false;
            }
        }
    
        public function getText($selector)
        {
            $element = $this->byQuery($selector);
    
            return $element->text();
        }
    
        /** MY MODIFICATION (support for getEval)
         * Function execute javascript code and is used in selenium IDE tests e.g. in function 'storeEval'.
         * @param  string $javascriptCode is JS Code e.g. "storedVars['registerurl'].match(/[^\/]+$/)"
         * @param  [type] $args           associative array key-value which shoud be set in storedVars. e.g.
         *                                $args=['registerurl'=>'http://example.com']
         * @return string or array        if JS result is string/number then return it
         *                          if JS result is array then return array.
         */
        public function getEval($javascriptCode, $args)
        {
            $sv = 'storedVars=[]; ';
            foreach ($args as $key => $val) {
                $sv = $sv."storedVars['".$key."']='".$val."'; ";
            }
    
            $result = $this->execute(['script' => $sv.' return '.$javascriptCode, 'args' => []]);
    
            return $result;
        }
    }

下一个文件：LaravelTestCase.php 这是 Illuminate\Foundation\Testing\TestCase 的精确副本，但它没有扩展 PHPUnit_Framework_TestCase，而是 PHPUnit_Extensions_Selenium2TestCase class.

最后一个文件：在测试目录中创建文件 testrunner（即 bash 脚本）：

seleniumIsRun=`ps | grep -w selenium.jar | grep -v grep | wc -l`
if (( $seleniumIsRun == 0 )); then    # run selenium server if it is not run already
    java -jar ./tests/selenium/selenium.jar &
    sleep 5s
fi
rm -r ./tests/selenium/screenshots
php artisan db:seed    # reset DB using laravel (my laravel seeders clean db at the begining)
vendor/bin/phpunit  # run php unit (in laravel it is in this direcotry)

下一步，从 http://www.seleniumhq.org/download/ 下载最新的 "Selenium Standalone Server" 并更改其名称并将其复制到 tests/selenium/selenium.jar。

下一步，如果您在控制台中没有 java 命令，请从 http://www.oracle.com/technetwork/java/javase/downloads/index.html

安装最新的 JDK

LARAVEL

在 composer.json 更新部分（添加：phpunit/phpunit-selenium (github) 和我们新的 classes)

    "require-dev": {
        "fzaninotto/faker": "~1.4",
        "mockery/mockery": "0.9.*",
        "phpunit/phpunit": "~4.0",
        "symfony/css-selector": "2.8.*|3.0.*",
        "symfony/dom-crawler": "2.8.*|3.0.*",
        "phpunit/phpunit-selenium": "> 1.2"
    },

    "autoload-dev": {
        "classmap": [
            "tests/selenium/SeleniumClearTestCase.php",
            "tests/selenium/MigrationToSelenium2.php",
            "tests/selenium/LaravelTestCase.php",
            "tests/TestCase.php"
        ]
    },

然后运行

composer update

和

composer dump-autoload

好的，现在我们已经有了设置 selenium 和 phpunit 的所有文件。因此，让我们在 firefox 中使用插件 Selenium IDE 进行一些测试，我们还需要安装 'Selenium IDE: PHP Formatters' 插件以将测试保存为 phpunit。当我们记录测试时，我们检查它是否有效并将其保存为 phpunit（我们也可以将测试保存为本机 html selenium 格式 .se - 使我们的 'source' php 测试，将来可以在 selenium IDE 中手动运行它...） - 然后我们将它复制到文件夹 test/selenium/tests。然后我们通过删除 setUp 部分来更改测试，并将扩展名 class 更改为 SeleniumClearTestCase。例如我们可以这样创建测试：

    <?php
    
    class LoginTest extends SeleniumClearTestCase
    {
        public function testAdminLogin()
        {
            self::adminLogin($this);
        }
    
        public function testLogout()
        {
            self::adminLogin($this);
    
            //START POINT: User zalogowany
            self::logout($this);
        }
    
        public static function adminLogin($t)
        {
            self::login($t, 'jan.kowalski@gmail.com', 'secret_password');
            $t->assertEquals('Jan Kowalski', $t->getText('css=span.hidden-xs'));
        }
    
        // @source LoginTest.se
        public static function login($t, $login, $pass)
        {
            $t->open('/');
            $t->click("xpath=(//a[contains(text(),'Panel')])[2]");
            $t->waitForPageToLoad('30000');
            $t->type('name=email', $login);
            $t->type('name=password', $pass);
            $t->click("//button[@type='submit']");
            $t->waitForPageToLoad('30000');        
        }
    
        // @source LogoutTest.se
        public static function logout($t)
        {
            $t->click('css=span.hidden-xs');
            $t->click('link=Wyloguj');
            $t->waitForPageToLoad('30000');
            $t->assertEquals('PANEL', $t->getText("xpath=(//a[contains(text(),'Panel')])[2]"));
        }
    }

如您所见，我将可重复使用的部分放在单独的 STATIC 函数中。下面是使用该静态函数的更复杂的测试（也清理了数据库）：

    <?php
    use App\Models\Device;
    use App\Models\User;
    
    class DeviceRegistrationTest extends SeleniumClearTestCase
    {
        public function testDeviceRegistration()
        {
          $email = 'paris@gmail.com';
          self::registerDeviceAndClient($this,'Paris','Hilton',$email,'verydifficultpassword');
          self::cleanRegisterDeviceAndClient($email);
        }
    
        // ------- STATIC elements
    
        public static function registerDeviceAndClient($t,$firstname, $lastname, $email, $pass) {
          LoginTest::adminLogin($t);
    
          // START POINT: User zalogowany jako ADMIN
          $t->click('link=Urządzenia');
          $t->click('link=Rejestracja');
          $t->waitForPageToLoad('30000');
          $registerurl = $t->getText('css=h4');
          $token = $t->getEval("storedVars['registerurl'].match(/[^\/]+$/)", compact('registerurl'))[0];
          $t->screenshot();
                             // LOG OUT ADMIn
          LoginTest::logout($t);
                            // Otwórz link do urzadzenia
          $t->open($registerurl);
          $t->click('link=Rejestracja');
          $t->waitForPageToLoad('30000');
          $t->type('name=email', $email);
          $t->screenshot(); // take some photo =)
          $t->click('css=button.button-control');
          $t->waitForPageToLoad('30000');
          // Symuluj klikniecie w link aktywacyjny z emaila
          $t->open('http://yourdomain.dev/rejestracja/'.$token);
          $t->type('name=firstname', $firstname);
          $t->type('name=lastname', $lastname);
          $t->type('name=password', $pass);
          $t->type('name=password_confirmation', $pass);
          $t->screenshot(); // powinno byc widac formularz rejestracyjny nowego klienta
          $t->click("//button[@type='submit']");
          $t->waitForPageToLoad('30000');
          // Asercje
          $t->assertEquals($firstname.' '.$lastname, $t->getText('css=span.hidden-xs'));
        }
    
        public static function cleanRegisterDeviceAndClient($email) {
          $user = User::where('email','=',$email)->first();
          $device = Device::where('client_user_id','=',$user->id);
          $device->forceDelete();
          $user->forceDelete();
        }
    }

而你运行测试

./testrunner

享受:)

使用 PHPUnit 和 Selenium 设置测试

Set up tests with PHPUnit and Selenium

php

testing

selenium

phpunit

webdriver