__init__ 超类和子类之间的参数不匹配

__init__ argument mismatch between super and subclass

我正在尝试使 class 继承自 datetime.date,调用 superclasses __init__ 函数,然后在上面添加一些变量涉及在年月日之上使用第四个 __init__ 参数。

代码如下:

class sub_class(datetime.date):    
    def __init__(self, year, month, day, lst):  
        super().__init__(year, month, day)
            for x in lst:
                # do stuff

inst = sub_class(2014, 2, 4, [1,2,3,4])

这会引发以下错误:

Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "<pyshell#7>", line 1, in <module>
    inst = sub_class(2014, 2, 4, [1,2,3,4])
TypeError: function takes at most 3 arguments (4 given)

如果我删除最后一个参数,我会得到以下结果:

Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "<pyshell#8>", line 1, in <module>
    inst = sub_class(2014, 2, 4)
TypeError: __init__() missing 1 required positional argument: 'lst'

我认为这是由于 __new____init__ 不匹配造成的。但是我该如何解决呢?我需要重新定义 __new__ 吗?在什么情况下我还需要调用 superclasses __new__ 构造函数?

是的,你需要实现__new__,并在超class上调用它;例如:

class sub_class(datetime.date):

    def __new__(cls, year, month, day, lst):
        inst = super(sub_class, cls).__new__(cls, year, month, day)
        inst.lst = lst
        return inst

正在使用:

>>> s = sub_class(2013, 2, 3, [1, 2, 3])
>>> s
sub_class(2013, 2, 3)  # note that the repr isn't correct 
>>> s.lst
[1, 2, 3]