无法通过 sh / crontab 启动 python 程序

Not able to start python program via sh / crontab

我尝试从脚本或作为 cronjob 启动一个名为 ocrmypdf 的 python 程序。

它在终端上完美运行,

pi@piscan:~ $ ocrmypdf 
usage: ocrmypdf [-h] [--verbose [VERBOSE]] [--version] [-L FILE] [-j N] [-n]
            [--flowchart FILE] [-l LANGUAGE] [--title TITLE]
            [--author AUTHOR] [--subject SUBJECT] [--keywords KEYWORDS]
            [-d] [-c] [-i] [--oversample DPI] [-f] [-s]
            [--skip-big MPixels] [--tesseract-config TESSERACT_CONFIG]
            [--pdf-renderer {auto,tesseract,hocr}]
            [--tesseract-timeout TESSERACT_TIMEOUT] [-k] [-g]
            input_file output_file
ocrmypdf: error: the following arguments are required: input_file, output_file

但从另一个 shell 它因我不明白的原因而中断。

pi@piscan:~ $ sh ocrmypdf
sh: 0: Can't open ocrmypdf
pi@piscan:~ $ which ocrmypdf 
/usr/local/bin/ocrmypdf
pi@piscan:~ $ sh $(which ocrmypdf)
import: unable to open X server `' @ error/import.c/ImportImageCommand/364.
import: unable to open X server `' @ error/import.c/ImportImageCommand/364.
from: can't read /var/mail/ocrmypdf.main
/usr/local/bin/ocrmypdf: 10: /usr/local/bin/ocrmypdf: Syntax error: "(" unexpected (expecting "then")

这是执行的代码:

pi@piscan:~ $ cat $(which ocrmypdf)
#!/usr/bin/python3

# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
import re
import sys

from ocrmypdf.main import run_pipeline

if __name__ == '__main__':
    sys.argv[0] = re.sub(r'(-script\.pyw|\.exe)?$', '', sys.argv[0])
    sys.exit(run_pipeline())

当您键入 sh ocrmypdf 时,您会询问 sh shell(可能是 /bin/sh,这通常是 /bin/bash/bin/dash 的符号链接) 来解释 ocrmypdf 文件,它是 Python 脚本,而不是 shell 脚本。

因此 运行 python ocrmypdfpython $(which ocrmypdf) 或者使 ocrmypdf 脚本可执行。然后(至少 Linux)execve(2) will start the python interpreter, because of the shebang.

当然,ocrmypdf 脚本应该在您的 PATH

并且 crontab 作业不在您的桌面环境中 运行。所以他们无权访问您的 X11 server Xorg (or to Wayland,如果您正在使用它)。您可以为此显式设置 DISPLAY 变量,但我不建议这样做。