Django 区分查询集中的子项

Django Differentiating Children in Queryset

我有一个模型叫做 "Block"

class Block(models.Model):
zone = models.ForeignKey(Zone)
order = models.IntegerField()
weight = models.IntegerField()
block_type = models.CharField(max_length=32, blank=True)

class Meta:
    ordering = ['order']

def __str__(self):
    return "Block "+str(self.order)

Block 对象有继承自它的子对象。 ImageBlock、VideoBlock 等...我会随着项目的进行添加更多内容

# Children of Block Object
class TextBlock(Block):
    content = models.TextField(blank=True)

class ImageBlock(Block):
    content = models.ImageField(blank=True)

class VideoBlock(Block):
    content = models.FileField(blank=True)

我需要根据块的顺序对块执行操作。如

呈现 TextBlock1 渲染图像块 1 呈现 TextBlock2

我使用 Block.objects.all() 的方式查询所有这些对象,然后遍历它们。当我这样做时,我如何区分每个对象是我的哪些对象?

如:

blockset = Block.objects.all()
for block in blockset:
    if (**some way of differentiating if it's a TextBlock**):
        print("This is a text block!")

知道我该怎么做吗?

非常感谢!

如果您不知道要获取的 class 的名称,可以在父模型上使用 Content Types。例如:

(未测试)

from django.contrib.contenttypes.models import ContentType

class Block(models.Model):
   zone = models.ForeignKey(Zone)
   order = models.IntegerField()
   weight = models.IntegerField()
   block_type = models.ForeignKey(ContentType, editable=False)

   def save(self, *args, **kwargs):
        if not self.id:
            self.block_type = self._block_type()
        super(Block, self).save(*args, **kwargs)

   def __block_type(self):
        return ContentType.objects.get_for_model(type(self))

    def cast(self):
        return self.block_type.get_object_for_this_type(pk=self.pk)

    class Meta:
        abstract = True

还要注意抽象基础 class 这意味着不会在数据库中创建模型。抽象字段将添加到子 class 的那些字段中,即

class TextBlock(Block):
    content = models.TextField(blank=True)

但是,您不能查询本例中的抽象基class。如果这是你想要做的,那么简单地在你的基础上添加一个查找 class.

 TEXT = 'TXT'
 IMAGE = 'IMG'
 VIDEO = 'VID'
 BLOCK_CHOICES = (
        (TEXT, 'Text Block'),
        (IMAGE, 'Image Block'),
        (VIDEO, 'Video Block'),
    )

class Block(models.Model):
    zone = models.ForeignKey(Zone)
    order = models.IntegerField()
    weight = models.IntegerField()
    block_type = models.CharField(max_length=3, choices=BLOCK_CHOICES)

然后查询:Block.objects.filter(block_type='Text Block')

或者在你的例子中:

blockset = Block.objects.all()
for block in blockset:
    if block.block_type == "Text Block":
        print("This is a text block!")