如何比较 Go 中的 2 个函数?

How to compare 2 functions in Go?

例如,我有要比较的函数列表:

http://play.golang.org/p/_rCys6rynf

type Action func(foo string)

type Handler struct {
  Get Action
  Post Action
}

var routes map[string]Handler

func Undefined(foo string) {
}

func Defined(foo string) {
}

func init() {
  routes = map[string]Handler{
    `/`: Handler{Defined,Undefined},
  }
}

func main() {
  for _, handler := range routes {
    if handler.Post != Undefined { 
      // do something
    } // invalid operation: (func(string))(handler.Post) != Undefined (func can only be compared to nil)


    if &handler.Post != &Undefined { 
      // do something 
    } // cannot take the address of Undefined
    // invalid operation: &handler.Post != &Undefined (mismatched types *Action and *func(string))
  }
}

如果两个函数相同,比较的正确方法是什么?

没关系,找到答案了:

runtime.FuncForPC(reflect.ValueOf(handler.Post).Pointer()).Name() != 
   runtime.FuncForPC(reflect.ValueOf(Undefined).Pointer()).Name()

在进一步讨论之前:您应该重构而不是比较函数值地址。

Spec: Comparison operators:

Slice, map, and function values are not comparable. However, as a special case, a slice, map, or function value may be compared to the predeclared identifier nil.

函数值不可比较。你可以做的是比较函数值的地址是否相同(不是保存函数值的变量地址,而是函数值本身)。

You can't take the address of a function, but if you print it with the fmt package, it prints its address. So you can use fmt.Sprintf()获取函数值的地址。

查看此示例(基于您的代码):

hand := &Handler{Undefined, Defined}
p1 := fmt.Sprintf("%v", Undefined)
p2 := fmt.Sprintf("%v", hand.Get)
fmt.Println("Expecting true:", p1 == p2)

fmt.Println("Expecting false:", fmt.Sprintf("%v", Defined) == fmt.Sprintf("%v", hand.Get))
fmt.Println("Expecting true:", fmt.Sprintf("%v", Defined) == fmt.Sprintf("%v", hand.Post))

输出(在 Go Playground 上尝试):

Expecting true: true
Expecting false: false
Expecting true: true

另一种选择是使用 reflect.Value.Pointer() 来获取函数值的地址,这正是 fmt 包所做的:fmt/print.go:

func (p *pp) fmtPointer(value reflect.Value, verb rune) {
    // ...
    case reflect.Chan, reflect.Func, reflect.Map, reflect.Ptr, reflect.Slice,
            reflect.UnsafePointer:
        u = value.Pointer()
    // ...
}

但是你应该重构而不是比较函数值地址。

你无法比较功能。它需要存储在一个变量中,并将其作为指针引用。

http://play.golang.org/p/sflsjjCHN5