集成文件和文本小部件 python/tkinter

Integrating file and text widget python/tkinter

场景是我想:

  1. -打开特定的文本文件
  2. -从文本文件导入文本以显示在文本小部件中
  3. -然后是文本小部件中的文本,然后用文本小部件中当前的内容替换之前文本文件中的内容。

目前我已经弄清楚如何将特定文本文件打开到文本小部件中并显示它,但是我不知道如何执行最后一步。

我试图定义一个 'Save' 函数,但是没有成功,你可以在下面看到这个。

第 1 步和第 2 步的当前代码:

class PropertynewsA(Propertynews):

def __init__(self):
    Propertynews.__init__(self)

    def save():
        file.write(txt)
        file.close()
        messagebox.showinfo('Saved!','Your Message has been Saved')
        self.delete

    file = open('PropertynewsA.txt', 'r+') #Text file i am using
    with open('PropertynewsA.txt') as file: # Use file to refer to the file object
        data = file.read() #date=current text in text file

    #Text widget
    Time = strftime("%d %b %Y\n")#getting gmt time
    txt = Text(self.GenericGui,height=14, width=53,font=('TkDefaultFont',12)) #Creating text widget
    txt.insert('1.0',data) #showing text from text file in widget
    txt.tag_configure('format', background='lightblue', font='helvetica 14 bold', relief='raised')
    txt.focus()
    txt.place(x=8,y=40) #places text widget

如果有人能在这里帮助我,那就太好了

伙计们干杯

一旦你知道 Widget indices work and you know the insert and get methods on the Text widget:

starting_text = "THIS WOULD COME FROM A FILE"
...
textbox = TEXT_WIDGET_SETUP_ALREADY

textbox.insert("1.0",starting_text)
...

ending_text = textbox.get("1.0","end-1c")

棘手的部分是在程序关闭时访问文本,而不是在小部件被销毁后访问文本(或者您收到 _tkinter.TclError: invalid command name ".4384096888" 错误):

import tkinter as tk

class Text(tk.Text):
    def destroy(self):
        global ending_text
        ending_text = self.get("1.0","end-1c")
        super(Text,self).destroy()

尽管如果您使用 from tkinter import * 表示法,您需要将 class 称为 Text 以外的名称,并且可能不使用 ending_text 作为全局变量,但这是展示如何操作的最简单方法。


这是我用于测试 IO 的完整代码,但如果您不了解如何使用文件,已经有 references elsewhere.

import tkinter as tk


filename = "test.txt"

class Text(tk.Text):
    def destroy(self):
        global ending_text
        ending_text = self.get("1.0","end-1c")
        super(Text,self).destroy()
try:
    with open(filename) as f:
        text = f.read()
except IOError:
    text = ""

root = tk.Tk()

textbox = Text(root)
textbox.insert("1.0",text)
textbox.grid()

#this would probably just be put in the destroy method
def finish(event=None):
    with open(filename,"w") as f:
        f.write(ending_text)

textbox.bind("<Destroy>",finish) #this will happen after Text.destroy() so textbox.get() fails if used from this point
root.mainloop()

我创建了一个简单的用户界面,允许您从文件对话框中打开您选择的文本文件。出于可扩展性的原因,我更愿意稍后将此选项分开设置(例如,如果您将来喜欢阅读文档文件):

        # Opening file options
        self.file_options={}
        self.file_options['defaultextension'] = '.txt'
        self.file_options['filetypes'] = [('text files', '.txt'), ('all files', '.*')]
        self.file_options['parent'] = self.parent
        self.file_options['title'] = 'Open a text file'
        self.file_options['initialdir']='/home/'

我正在运行 Linux,所以如果您使用的是 MS Windows OS,您可以将 self.file_options['initialdir']='/home/' 更改为您想要的任何目录路径。请注意,您也可以删除它,在这种情况下,文件对话框 window 将提示您进入默认情况下 运行 应用程序所在的目录。

方法 initialize_user_interface() 的作用正如它的名字所反映的那样。主要是,它提供了一种舒适的方式来单击退出应用程序并选择要读取的文件:

       self.filemenu.add_command(label="Open",command=self.text_replacement)
       self.filemenu.add_command(label="Exit",command=self.parent.quit)

然后您可以添加文本小部件。最好有一个可滚动的文本区域,以防你偶然发现一个大的内容文件。

为此,您需要创建滚动条,并将其附加到文本小部件,因为文本小部件不维护自己的滚动条。

完整程序如下:

'''
Created on Feb 25, 2016

@author: begueradj
'''
import Tkinter  # Tkinter -> tkinter in Python3
import Tkconstants
import tkFileDialog

class Begueradj(Tkinter.Frame):
    """ Get text file content and past it into a scrollable Text widget.
    Replace the content of the file with the pre-existing Text widget content.
    """

    def __init__(self,parent):
        """ Set some class variables:
         mainly the file dialog interface options.
        """
        Tkinter.Frame.__init__(self,parent)
        self.parent=parent

        # Opening file options
        self.file_options={}
        self.file_options['defaultextension'] = '.txt'
        self.file_options['filetypes'] = [('text files', '.txt'), ('all files', '.*')]
        self.file_options['parent'] = self.parent
        self.file_options['title'] = 'Open a text file'
        self.file_options['initialdir']='/home/'

        self.initialize_user_interface()

    def initialize_user_interface(self):
        """ Design of the user interface.
        It mainly consists of a bar menu and a horizontally & vertically 
        scrollable Text widget in case the text file to read is large.
        """

        self.parent.title("Text replacement")

        # Set the bar menu and its items
        self.menubar=Tkinter.Menu(self.parent)
        self.filemenu=Tkinter.Menu(self.menubar,tearoff=0)
        self.filemenu.add_command(label="Open",command=self.text_replacement)
        self.filemenu.add_command(label="Exit",command=self.parent.quit)
        self.menubar.add_cascade(label="File",menu=self.filemenu)
        self.parent.config(menu=self.menubar)        

        self.parent.grid_rowconfigure(0,weight=1)
        self.parent.grid_columnconfigure(0,weight=1)
        # Set the horizontal and vertical scrollbars              
        self.hscrollbar=Tkinter.Scrollbar(self.parent,orient=Tkconstants.HORIZONTAL)
        self.hscrollbar.grid(row=1,column=0,sticky=Tkinter.E+Tkinter.W)

        self.vscrollbar=Tkinter.Scrollbar(self.parent)
        self.vscrollbar.grid(row=0,column=1,sticky=Tkinter.N+Tkinter.S)

        # Set the Text widget and make it scrollable
        self.text=Tkinter.Text(self.parent,wrap=Tkinter.NONE,bd=0,
                               xscrollcommand=self.hscrollbar.set,
                               yscrollcommand=self.vscrollbar.set)
        self.text.grid(row=0,column=0,sticky=Tkinter.E+Tkinter.W+Tkinter.S+Tkinter.N)

        self.text.insert("1.0","Original text here")
        self.hscrollbar.config(command=self.text.xview)
        self.vscrollbar.config(command=self.text.yview)

    def text_replacement(self):
        """ Return the name of a file
        opened in read mode
        """
        self.filename = tkFileDialog.askopenfilename(**self.file_options) 
        if self.filename:
            self.original=self.text.get("0.0","end-1c")
            print self.original
            with open(self.filename) as self.filetoread:
                self.txtfilecontent=self.filetoread.read()
            self.filetoread.close()

            self.text.delete("1.0", Tkinter.END) # Erase the previous Text widget content
            self.text.insert("1.0", self.txtfilecontent)

            with open(self.filename,'w') as self.filetowrite:
                self.filetowrite.write(self.original)
            self.filetowrite.close()


def main():
    """ Main method to be executed.
    Instantiate Begueradj class
    """
    root=Tkinter.Tk()
    b=Begueradj(root)
    root.geometry("300x250+300+300")
    root.mainloop()

if __name__=="__main__":
    """ Run the application
    """ 
    main()

应用演示:

该演示包含 3 个屏幕截图,显示:

  1. 将原始文本设置到文本小部件和一个文件对话框中 window 以选取要阅读的文件。
  2. 正在将 file1.txt 的内容加载到 Tkinter.Text 小部件中
  3. 检查文本小部件的原始文件是否保存(替换)在file1.txt