ASP.NET MVC Entity Framework 代码优先：没有错误，但表格未正确填充

Question

我目前正在使用 MVC4 Entity Framework 制作票务系统。我已经在 SQL 服务器中填充了 tables，但只有几列不正确。首先，我想为代码量道歉，但它们都是参考所必需的！

我只希望人们检查我是否正确映射了我的模型，因为在图像 (1) 中缺少一些值。

请务必查看下面提供的两张图片，以便更清楚地了解我要完成的工作。

图像 (1) Here 显示了我希望我的 table 的样子，并显示了我的每个类.[=22 的所有主键和外键=]

这张图片(2)Here显示了我的实体图所以我的理想情况是：用户可以创建多张票，他们只能将它们分配给一个管理员（这解决了票上的问题）。

每个工单将由 TicketID 标识，因此在 Admin 上 table 它应该具有 AdminID、UserID（提交工单的人）、TicketID 和 AdminRole。

每个 AdminID 可以分配给一个用户，但并非所有用户都必须分配给一个 AdminID

DepotID、DepartmentID 和类别非常简单。 DepotID和DepartmentID必须分配给一个用户，每个用户只能有1个DepotID和DepartmentID

必须为每张票分配 CategoryID，因此每张票只能有一个 CategoryID

User.cs

public class User
{

    public int UserID { get; set; }
    [StringLength(50, MinimumLength = 1)]
    public string LastName { get; set; }
    [StringLength(50, MinimumLength = 1, ErrorMessage = "First name cannot be longer than 50 characters.")]

    [Column("FirstName")]
    public string FirstMidName { get; set; }

    [DataType(DataType.Date)]
    [DisplayFormat(DataFormatString = "{0:yyyy-MM-dd}", ApplyFormatInEditMode = true)]
    public DateTime EnrollmentDate { get; set; }

    public string FullName
    {
        get { return LastName + ", " + FirstMidName; }
    }
   // public int AdministratorID { get; set; }
   // [ForeignKey("AdministratorID")]
   // public virtual Administrator Administrator { get; set; }

    public int AdminID { get; set; }
    [ForeignKey("AdminID")]
    public virtual Administrator Administrator { get; set; }

    public int DepartmentID { get; set; }
    [ForeignKey("DepartmentID")]
    public virtual Department Department { get; set; }


    public int DepotID { get; set; }
    [ForeignKey("DepotID")]
    public virtual Depot Depot { get; set; }

    public int TicketID { get; set; }
    public virtual ICollection<Ticket> Tickets { get; set; }

}

Ticket.cs

public class Ticket
{
    public string Issue { get; set; }
    [DisplayFormat(NullDisplayText = "No Priority")]
    public Priority? Priority { get; set; }
    public int CategoryID { get; set; }
    [ForeignKey("CategoryID")]
    public virtual Category Category { get; set; }
    public int TicketID { get; set; }
    public int AdminID { get; set; }
    public virtual ICollection<Administrator> Administrators { get; set; }
    public int UserID { get; set; }
    //[ForeignKey("TicketID")]
    public virtual User User { get; set; }

}

Depot.cs

public class Depot
{
    public int DepotID { get; set; }
    [StringLength(50, MinimumLength = 1)]
    public string Name { get; set; }
    public virtual ICollection<User> Users { get; set; }
}

Department.cs

public class Department
{
    public int DepartmentID { get; set; }

    [StringLength(50, MinimumLength = 1)]
    public string Name { get; set; }
    public virtual ICollection<User> Users { get; set; }
}

Category.cs

public class Category
{
    [DatabaseGenerated(DatabaseGeneratedOption.None)]
    public int CategoryID { get; set; }
    public string Title { get; set; }

    public virtual ICollection<Ticket> Tickets { get; set; }
}

Administrator.cs

public class Administrator
{
    [Key, ForeignKey("User")]
    public int UserID { get; set; }
    public int AdminID { get; set; }
    public int TicketID { get; set; }        
    [StringLength(50)]
    public string AdminRole { get; set; }
    public virtual ICollection<Ticket> Tickets { get; set; }
    public virtual User User { get; set; }
}

Configuration.cs(种子法)

    public Configuration()
    {
        AutomaticMigrationsEnabled = false;
    }

    protected override void Seed(RecreationalServicesTicketingSystem.DAL.IssueContext context)
    {
        var departments = new List<Department>
        {
            new Department { DepartmentID = 1, Name = "IT"},
            new Department { DepartmentID = 2, Name = "Admin" },
            new Department { DepartmentID = 3, Name = "Human Resources"},
            new Department { DepartmentID = 4, Name = "Mechanics" },
            new Department { DepartmentID = 5, Name = "Directors" },
            new Department { DepartmentID = 6, Name = "Operations"}

        };
        departments.ForEach(s => context.Departments.AddOrUpdate(p => p.Name, s));
        context.SaveChanges();


        var depots = new List<Depot>
        {
            new Depot { DepotID = 1, Name = "Porana"},
            new Depot { DepotID = 2, Name = "Far North"},


        };
        depots.ForEach(s => context.Depots.AddOrUpdate(p => p.Name, s));
        context.SaveChanges();

        var users = new List<User>
    {
        new User { FirstMidName = "Jason",   LastName = "Wan",
            EnrollmentDate = DateTime.Parse("2016-02-18"), DepartmentID = 1, DepotID = 1},
        new User { FirstMidName = "Andy", LastName = "Domagas",
            EnrollmentDate = DateTime.Parse("2016-02-18"), DepartmentID = 1,DepotID = 1},
        new User { FirstMidName = "Denis",   LastName = "Djohar",
            EnrollmentDate = DateTime.Parse("2016-02-18"), DepartmentID = 1 ,DepotID = 1},
        new User { FirstMidName = "Christine",   LastName = "West",
            EnrollmentDate = DateTime.Parse("2016-02-18"), DepartmentID = 1, DepotID = 1},

    };


        users.ForEach(s => context.Users.AddOrUpdate(p => p.FirstMidName, s));
        context.SaveChanges();

        users.ForEach(s => context.Users.AddOrUpdate(p => p.LastName, s));
        context.SaveChanges();


        var administrator = new List<Administrator>
        {
            new Administrator {AdminID = 1, AdminRole = "Administrator LVL1", User = users.Single ( s => s.UserID == 1),
            Tickets = new List<Ticket>() },
            new Administrator {AdminID = 2, AdminRole = "Administrator LVL2", User = users.Single ( s => s.UserID == 2),
            Tickets = new List<Ticket>() },
            new Administrator {AdminID = 3, AdminRole = "Administrator LVL3", User = users.Single ( s => s.UserID == 3),
            Tickets = new List<Ticket>() }

        };
        administrator.ForEach(s => context.Administrators.AddOrUpdate(p => p.AdminID, s));
        context.SaveChanges();

        var categories = new List<Category>
        {
            new Category {CategoryID = 0001, Title = "Desktop"},
            new Category {CategoryID = 0002, Title = "Mobile"},
            new Category {CategoryID = 0003, Title = "Menzits"},
            new Category {CategoryID = 0004, Title = "XMPRO"},
            new Category {CategoryID = 0005, Title = "Con-X"},
            new Category {CategoryID = 0006, Title = "Promapp"},
            new Category {CategoryID = 0007, Title = "QGIS"},
        };
        categories.ForEach(s => context.Categories.AddOrUpdate(p => p.Title, s));
        context.SaveChanges();

        var tickets = new List<Ticket>
        {
            new Ticket {
                UserID = users.Single(s => s.LastName == "Wan").UserID,
                CategoryID = categories.Single(c => c.Title == "Con-X" ).CategoryID,
                Issue = ("Test Error NEW TEST"),
                AdminID = 1,
                Priority = Priority.High
            },
            new Ticket {
                UserID = users.Single(s => s.LastName == "Wan").UserID,
                CategoryID = categories.Single(c => c.Title == "Desktop" ).CategoryID,
                Issue = ("Test Error 2"),
                AdminID = 2,
                Priority = Priority.Med
            },
        };


        foreach (Ticket e in tickets)
        {
            var ticketInDataBase = context.Tickets.Where(
                s =>
                    s.User.UserID == e.UserID &&
                    s.Category.CategoryID == e.CategoryID).SingleOrDefault();
            if (ticketInDataBase == null)
            {
                context.Tickets.Add(e);
            }
        }
        context.SaveChanges();
    }
}

IssueContext.cs

   public class IssueContext : DbContext
    {
        public DbSet<User> Users { get; set; }
        public DbSet<Ticket> Tickets { get; set; }
        public DbSet<Category> Categories { get; set; }
        public DbSet<Department> Departments { get; set; }
        public DbSet<Administrator> Administrators { get; set; }
        public DbSet<Depot> Depots { get; set; }


        protected override void OnModelCreating(DbModelBuilder modelBuilder)
        {
            modelBuilder.Conventions.Remove<PluralizingTableNameConvention>();

            modelBuilder.Entity<Ticket>()
                .HasMany(c => c.Administrators).WithMany(i => i.Tickets)
                .Map(t => t.MapLeftKey("TicketID")
                    .MapRightKey("AdministratorID")
                    .ToTable("AdministratorsTickets"));


            modelBuilder.Entity<Administrator>()
                       .HasKey(e => e.UserID);

            modelBuilder.Entity<User>()
                .HasOptional(s => s.Administrator) // Mark StudentAddress is optional for Student
                .WithRequired(ad => ad.User); // Create inverse relationship


        }
    }

Answer 1

第一注：

您的 Administrator 实体映射不正确。您将 UserId 标记为 PrimaryKey，因此当一个实体插入 Administrator table 时，它会自动将 UserId 设置为新身份，因此在您的图片中您会看到 UserId 逐渐增加.相反，您应该将您的 AdminID 标记为主键：

[Key]
public int AdminID { get; set; }

[ForeignKey("User")]
public int UserID { get; set; }

您还应该将用户实体的用户 ID 标记为主键：

[Key]
public int UserID { get; set; }

第二个注意事项：

您的管理员和用户使用一对多关系映射到工单，这意味着1个管理员有X个工单，1个用户有Y个工单。这意味着，Ticket table 包含 Administrator 实体和 User 实体的外键：您图片中的 AdminID 和 UserID。你可以在你的照片上看到它。如果您在两个类中都留下 TicketId，那将意味着您拥有 一对一 关系以及 一对多 关系真的很奇怪，不会工作。因此，您需要从您的用户和管理员 tables

中完全删除 TicketId

第三个注意事项：

您还需要从您的 Ticket 实体添加对用户和管理员的直接引用，为每个实体添加 [ForeignKey] 属性并指定您用作它们的外键的属性。您还需要删除 Administrators 集合，因为如果您以这种方式保留它，您的关系将是 多对多:

public class Ticket
{
    public int TicketID { get; set; }

    public string Issue { get; set; }

    [DisplayFormat(NullDisplayText = "No Priority")]
    public Priority? Priority { get; set; }

    [ForeignKey("CategoryID")]
    public virtual Category Category { get; set; }
    public int CategoryID { get; set; }

    [ForeignKey("AdminID")]
    public Administrator Admin { get; set; }
    public int AdminID { get; set; }

    [ForeignKey("UserID")]
    public User User { get; set; }
    public int UserID { get; set; }    
}

第四注：

此外，您在用户和管理员之间具有必需-可选的一对一关系，其映射方式如下：

您的 Administrator 实体有 int UserId，但您的 User 实体没有 AdministratorId，Entity Framework 将从 Administrator 端正确映射此关系。如果您像现在一样保留循环引用 - Administrator 有 UserId 而 User 有 AdministratorId - 它会导致很多问题，因为据我所知，EF 不以正确的方式支持它。

您应该仔细阅读有关生成数据库架构的 Entity Framework 文档，否则您将无法将 SQL 架构转换为正确的 EF 实体：

Entity Framework中的数据注释：

https://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/data/jj591583

Configuring/Mapping 使用 Fluent 的属性和类型 API

https://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/data/jj591617.aspx

ASP.NET MVC Entity Framework 代码优先：没有错误，但表格未正确填充

ASP.NET MVC Entity Framework code-first: no errors but tables aren't populated correctly

c#

entity-framework

relational-database

asp.net-mvc-4