java.lang.NoClassDefFoundError 在反序列化 protobuf 消息时

Question

我正在使用 protobuf 生成 java classes 作为我的数据流作业中的消息。我一直在尝试将事情搞定运行但依赖项（jar hell）存在一些问题导致反序列化失败并出现以下异常：

java.lang.NoClassDefFoundError: Could not initialize class com.brightcove.rna.model.Metadata$MetadataDefaultEntryHolder
    at com.brightcove.rna.model.Metadata.(Metadata.java:50)
    at com.brightcove.rna.model.Metadata.(Metadata.java:13)
    at com.brightcove.rna.model.Metadata.parsePartialFrom(Metadata.java:444)
    at com.brightcove.rna.model.Metadata.parsePartialFrom(Metadata.java:438)
    at com.google.protobuf.CodedInputStream.readMessage(CodedInputStream.java:495)
    at com.brightcove.rna.model.Row.(Row.java:79)
    at com.brightcove.rna.model.Row.(Row.java:13)
    at com.brightcove.rna.model.Row.parsePartialFrom(Row.java:987)
    at com.brightcove.rna.model.Row.parsePartialFrom(Row.java:981)
    at com.google.protobuf.AbstractParser.parsePartialFrom(AbstractParser.java:192)
    at com.google.protobuf.AbstractParser.parseFrom(AbstractParser.java:210)
    at com.google.protobuf.AbstractParser.parseFrom(AbstractParser.java:49)
    at com.google.cloud.dataflow.sdk.coders.protobuf.ProtoCoder.decode(ProtoCoder.java:198)
    at com.google.cloud.dataflow.sdk.coders.protobuf.ProtoCoder.decode(ProtoCoder.java:114)
    at com.google.cloud.dataflow.sdk.runners.worker.WindmillKeyedWorkItem.apply(WindmillKeyedWorkItem.java:144)
    at com.google.cloud.dataflow.sdk.runners.worker.WindmillKeyedWorkItem.apply(WindmillKeyedWorkItem.java:133)
    at com.google.cloud.dataflow.worker.repackaged.com.google.common.collect.Iterators.transform(Iterators.java:817)
    at com.google.cloud.dataflow.worker.repackaged.com.google.common.collect.TransformedIterator.next(TransformedIterator.java:48)
    at com.google.cloud.dataflow.sdk.repackaged.com.google.common.collect.TransformedIterator.next(TransformedIterator.java:48)
    at com.google.cloud.dataflow.sdk.repackaged.com.google.common.collect.TransformedIterator.next(TransformedIterator.java:48)
    at com.google.cloud.dataflow.sdk.repackaged.com.google.common.collect.Iterators.hasNext(Iterators.java:569)
    at com.google.cloud.dataflow.sdk.repackaged.com.google.common.collect.Iterators.computeNext(Iterators.java:673)
    at com.google.cloud.dataflow.sdk.repackaged.com.google.common.collect.AbstractIterator.tryToComputeNext(AbstractIterator.java:143)
    at com.google.cloud.dataflow.sdk.repackaged.com.google.common.collect.AbstractIterator.hasNext(AbstractIterator.java:138)
    at com.google.cloud.dataflow.sdk.util.ReduceFnRunner.processElements(ReduceFnRunner.java:281)
    at com.google.cloud.dataflow.sdk.util.GroupAlsoByWindowViaWindowSetDoFn.processElement(GroupAlsoByWindowViaWindowSetDoFn.java:83)
    at com.google.cloud.dataflow.sdk.util.SimpleDoFnRunner.invokeProcessElement(SimpleDoFnRunner.java:49)
    at com.google.cloud.dataflow.sdk.util.DoFnRunnerBase.processElement(DoFnRunnerBase.java:138)
    at com.google.cloud.dataflow.sdk.util.LateDataDroppingDoFnRunner.processElement(LateDataDroppingDoFnRunner.java:67)
    at com.google.cloud.dataflow.sdk.runners.worker.SimpleParDoFn.processElement(SimpleParDoFn.java:191)
    at com.google.cloud.dataflow.sdk.runners.worker.ForwardingParDoFn.processElement(ForwardingParDoFn.java:42)
    at com.google.cloud.dataflow.sdk.runners.worker.DataflowWorkerLoggingParDoFn.processElement(DataflowWorkerLoggingParDoFn.java:47)
    at com.google.cloud.dataflow.sdk.util.common.worker.ParDoOperation.process(ParDoOperation.java:53)
    at com.google.cloud.dataflow.sdk.util.common.worker.OutputReceiver.process(OutputReceiver.java:52)
    at com.google.cloud.dataflow.sdk.util.common.worker.ReadOperation.runReadLoop(ReadOperation.java:223)
    at com.google.cloud.dataflow.sdk.util.common.worker.ReadOperation.start(ReadOperation.java:169)
    at com.google.cloud.dataflow.sdk.util.common.worker.MapTaskExecutor.execute(MapTaskExecutor.java:69)
    at com.google.cloud.dataflow.sdk.runners.worker.StreamingDataflowWorker.process(StreamingDataflowWorker.java:645)
    at com.google.cloud.dataflow.sdk.runners.worker.StreamingDataflowWorker.access0(StreamingDataflowWorker.java:86)
    at com.google.cloud.dataflow.sdk.runners.worker.StreamingDataflowWorker.run(StreamingDataflowWorker.java:488)
    at java.util.concurrent.ThreadPoolExecutor.runWorker(ThreadPoolExecutor.java:1142)
    at java.util.concurrent.ThreadPoolExecutor$Worker.run(ThreadPoolExecutor.java:617)
    at java.lang.Thread.run(Thread.java:745)

我在我的 gradle 项目中使用了以下依赖项：

compile 'com.google.cloud.dataflow:google-cloud-dataflow-java-sdk-all:1.5.0'
compile 'com.google.protobuf:protobuf-java:3.0.0-beta-2'
compile 'io.grpc:grpc-all:0.13.2'

protobuf 文件是使用以下配置编译的（使用 gradle protobuf 插件）

protobuf {
    protoc {
        artifact = 'com.google.protobuf:protoc:3.0.0-beta-2'
    }
    plugins {
        grpc {
            artifact = 'io.grpc:protoc-gen-grpc-java:0.13.2'
        }
    }
    generateProtoTasks {
        all()*.plugins {
            grpc {}
        }
    }
}

更新

找到另一个可能有用的堆栈跟踪：

java.lang.NoSuchMethodError: com.google.protobuf.DescriptorProtos$FieldDescriptorProto.hasJsonName()Z
at com.google.protobuf.Descriptors$FieldDescriptor.<init>(Descriptors.java:1208)
at com.google.protobuf.Descriptors$FieldDescriptor.<init>(Descriptors.java:867)
at com.google.protobuf.Descriptors$Descriptor.<init>(Descriptors.java:804)
at com.google.protobuf.Descriptors$Descriptor.<init>(Descriptors.java:568)
at com.google.protobuf.Descriptors$FileDescriptor.<init>(Descriptors.java:474)
at com.google.protobuf.Descriptors$FileDescriptor.buildFrom(Descriptors.java:290)
at com.google.protobuf.Descriptors$FileDescriptor.internalBuildGeneratedFileFrom(Descriptors.java:336)
at com.brightcove.rna.model.Messages.<clinit>(Messages.java:133)
at com.brightcove.rna.model.DimensionSet$Builder.getDescriptorForType(DimensionSet.java:897)
at com.brightcove.rna.model.TransformEvents.populateMessage(TransformEvents.java:28)
at com.brightcove.rna.transforms.StreamingAdditions.processElement(StreamingAdditions.java:46)
at com.google.cloud.dataflow.sdk.util.SimpleDoFnRunner.invokeProcessElement(SimpleDoFnRunner.java:49)
at com.google.cloud.dataflow.sdk.util.DoFnRunnerBase.processElement(DoFnRunnerBase.java:138)
at com.google.cloud.dataflow.sdk.runners.worker.SimpleParDoFn.processElement(SimpleParDoFn.java:191)
at com.google.cloud.dataflow.sdk.runners.worker.ForwardingParDoFn.processElement(ForwardingParDoFn.java:42)
at com.google.cloud.dataflow.sdk.runners.worker.DataflowWorkerLoggingParDoFn.processElement(DataflowWorkerLoggingParDoFn.java:47)
at com.google.cloud.dataflow.sdk.util.common.worker.ParDoOperation.process(ParDoOperation.java:53)
at com.google.cloud.dataflow.sdk.util.common.worker.OutputReceiver.process(OutputReceiver.java:52)
at com.google.cloud.dataflow.sdk.runners.worker.SimpleParDoFn.output(SimpleParDoFn.java:161)
at com.google.cloud.dataflow.sdk.util.DoFnRunnerBase$DoFnContext.outputWindowedValue(DoFnRunnerBase.java:288)
at com.google.cloud.dataflow.sdk.util.DoFnRunnerBase$DoFnContext.outputWindowedValue(DoFnRunnerBase.java:284)
at com.google.cloud.dataflow.sdk.util.DoFnRunnerBase$DoFnProcessContext.outputWithTimestamp(DoFnRunnerBase.java:456)
at com.brightcove.rna.transforms.functions.ExtractRawLog.processElement(ExtractRawLog.java:35)
at com.google.cloud.dataflow.sdk.util.SimpleDoFnRunner.invokeProcessElement(SimpleDoFnRunner.java:49)
at com.google.cloud.dataflow.sdk.util.DoFnRunnerBase.processElement(DoFnRunnerBase.java:138)
at com.google.cloud.dataflow.sdk.runners.worker.SimpleParDoFn.processElement(SimpleParDoFn.java:191)
at com.google.cloud.dataflow.sdk.runners.worker.ForwardingParDoFn.processElement(ForwardingParDoFn.java:42)
at com.google.cloud.dataflow.sdk.runners.worker.DataflowWorkerLoggingParDoFn.processElement(DataflowWorkerLoggingParDoFn.java:47)
at com.google.cloud.dataflow.sdk.util.common.worker.ParDoOperation.process(ParDoOperation.java:53)
at com.google.cloud.dataflow.sdk.util.common.worker.OutputReceiver.process(OutputReceiver.java:52)
at com.google.cloud.dataflow.sdk.runners.worker.SimpleParDoFn.output(SimpleParDoFn.java:161)
at com.google.cloud.dataflow.sdk.util.DoFnRunnerBase$DoFnContext.outputWindowedValue(DoFnRunnerBase.java:288)
at com.google.cloud.dataflow.sdk.util.DoFnRunnerBase$DoFnProcessContext.output(DoFnRunnerBase.java:450)
at com.google.cloud.dataflow.sdk.transforms.FlatMapElements.processElement(FlatMapElements.java:140)
at com.google.cloud.dataflow.sdk.util.SimpleDoFnRunner.invokeProcessElement(SimpleDoFnRunner.java:49)
at com.google.cloud.dataflow.sdk.util.DoFnRunnerBase.processElement(DoFnRunnerBase.java:138)
at com.google.cloud.dataflow.sdk.runners.worker.SimpleParDoFn.processElement(SimpleParDoFn.java:191)
at com.google.cloud.dataflow.sdk.runners.worker.ForwardingParDoFn.processElement(ForwardingParDoFn.java:42)
at com.google.cloud.dataflow.sdk.runners.worker.DataflowWorkerLoggingParDoFn.processElement(DataflowWorkerLoggingParDoFn.java:47)
at com.google.cloud.dataflow.sdk.util.common.worker.ParDoOperation.process(ParDoOperation.java:53)
at com.google.cloud.dataflow.sdk.util.common.worker.OutputReceiver.process(OutputReceiver.java:52)
at com.google.cloud.dataflow.sdk.runners.worker.SimpleParDoFn.output(SimpleParDoFn.java:161)
at com.google.cloud.dataflow.sdk.util.DoFnRunnerBase$DoFnContext.outputWindowedValue(DoFnRunnerBase.java:288)
at com.google.cloud.dataflow.sdk.util.DoFnRunnerBase$DoFnProcessContext.output(DoFnRunnerBase.java:450)
at com.brightcove.rna.transforms.functions.DecompressDataFn.processElement(DecompressDataFn.java:19)
at com.google.cloud.dataflow.sdk.util.SimpleDoFnRunner.invokeProcessElement(SimpleDoFnRunner.java:49)
at com.google.cloud.dataflow.sdk.util.DoFnRunnerBase.processElement(DoFnRunnerBase.java:138)
at com.google.cloud.dataflow.sdk.runners.worker.SimpleParDoFn.processElement(SimpleParDoFn.java:191)
at com.google.cloud.dataflow.sdk.runners.worker.ForwardingParDoFn.processElement(ForwardingParDoFn.java:42)
at com.google.cloud.dataflow.sdk.runners.worker.DataflowWorkerLoggingParDoFn.processElement(DataflowWorkerLoggingParDoFn.java:47)
at com.google.cloud.dataflow.sdk.util.common.worker.ParDoOperation.process(ParDoOperation.java:53)
at com.google.cloud.dataflow.sdk.util.common.worker.OutputReceiver.process(OutputReceiver.java:52)
at com.google.cloud.dataflow.sdk.util.common.worker.ReadOperation.runReadLoop(ReadOperation.java:223)
at com.google.cloud.dataflow.sdk.util.common.worker.ReadOperation.start(ReadOperation.java:169)
at com.google.cloud.dataflow.sdk.util.common.worker.MapTaskExecutor.execute(MapTaskExecutor.java:69)
at com.google.cloud.dataflow.sdk.runners.worker.StreamingDataflowWorker.process(StreamingDataflowWorker.java:645)
at com.google.cloud.dataflow.sdk.runners.worker.StreamingDataflowWorker.access0(StreamingDataflowWorker.java:86)
at com.google.cloud.dataflow.sdk.runners.worker.StreamingDataflowWorker.run(StreamingDataflowWorker.java:488)
at java.util.concurrent.ThreadPoolExecutor.runWorker(ThreadPoolExecutor.java:1142)
at java.util.concurrent.ThreadPoolExecutor$Worker.run(ThreadPoolExecutor.java:617)
at java.lang.Thread.run(Thread.java:745)

我检查了 java.lang.NoSuchMethodError 的来源：com.google.protobuf.DescriptorProtos$FieldDescriptorProto.hasJsonName()Z 它绝对是 hasJsonName() 方法。出于某种原因，java 无法找到它，这意味着它正在寻找 class 的其他实现。是否有我遗漏的东西或我可以用来找出 why/what 导致失败的东西？

Answer 1

您似乎将 Java 版本 1.5.0 的 Dataflow SDK 与 Protocol Buffers 运行时版本 3.0.0-beta-2 和 gRPC 版本 0.13.2.

混合使用

一般来说，Protocol Buffers 和 gRPC 目前都不保证兼容性：您必须使用与编译时使用的代码生成工具版本完全匹配的运行时。此外，您的 Java class 路径通常只能有一个版本。

Dataflow SDK for Java，版本 1.5.0，取决于 Protocol Buffers 版本 3.0.0-beta-1 和 gRPC 版本 0.12.0，并包含使用该版本代码编译的代码生成工具。因此，将其与您当前使用的版本混合搭配会非常复杂。

不幸的是，最好的方法是匹配 Dataflow SDK 正在使用的版本。希望我们将来能够在 Dataflow 方面做得更好——可能是在这些库达到完全稳定性和普遍可用性的时候。

java.lang.NoClassDefFoundError 在反序列化 protobuf 消息时

java.lang.NoClassDefFoundError while deserializing protobuf messages

java

protocol-buffers

google-cloud-dataflow