如何将 Postgres any 子句与 JPA/Hibernate 本机查询（数组参数）一起使用
How to use the Postgres any-clause with JPA/Hibernate native queries (array parameters)
所以我们有大量的 Postgres SQL 查询存储在文件中并从 PHP 中使用。任务是将 PHP 替换为 Java。我们希望重用尽可能多的查询 "as is" 以缩短迁移路径。我无法使 Array 参数起作用。
这是一个查询示例：
update user_devices
set some_date = now()
where some_id in (
select distinct some_id from user_devices
where user_id = any(:userIDs) and device_id = any(:deviceIDs)
and exists (select 1 from users where user_id = any(:userIDs) and customer_id = :customerID)
);
请注意导致问题的 "any" 子句，因为它们需要数组类型。
这就是我们在 PHP 中使用它们的方式：
$this->allValues['userIDs'] = '{' . implode ( ",", $userIdNodes ) . '}';
$this->allValues['deviceIDs'] = '{' . implode ( ",", $deviceIdNodes ) . '}';
$this->allValues['customerID'] = customerID;
$this->db->runQuery ( $this->getQuery ( 'my_query' ), $this->allValues );
所以作为参数，数组类型看起来像“{111,222}”。
这是我在 Java 中尝试过的：
Integer customerID = 1;
int[] userIDs = new int[]{111,222};
int[] deviceIDs= new int[]{333,444};
//List<Integer> userIDs = Arrays.asList(111,222);
//List<Integer> deviceIDs= Arrays.asList(333,444);
//java.sql.Array userIDs = toArray("integer", new int[]{111,222}));
//java.sql.Array deviceIDs= toArray("integer", new int[]{333,444}));
//java.sql.Array userIDs = toArray("integer", Arrays.asList(111,222)));
//java.sql.Array deviceIDs= toArray("integer", Arrays.asList(333,444)));
//String userIDs = "{111,222}";
//String deviceIDs= "{333,444}";
//String userIDs = "ARRAY[111,222]";
//String deviceIDs= "ARRAY[333,444]";
Query nativeQuery = em.createNativeQuery(queryString);
nativeQuery.setParameter("userIDs", userIDs);
nativeQuery.setParameter("deviceIDs", deviceIDs);
nativeQuery.setParameter("customerID", customerID);
//nativeQuery.setParameter(createParameter("userIDs",java.sql.Array.class), userIDs);
//nativeQuery.setParameter(createParameter("userIDs",java.sql.Array.class), deviceIDs);
//nativeQuery.setParameter(createParameter("customerID", Integer.class), customerID);
query.executeUpdate();
//[...]
private Array toArray(String typeName, Object... elements) {
Session session = em.unwrap(Session.class); // ATTENTION! This is Hibernate-specific!
final AtomicReference<Array> aRef = new AtomicReference<>();
session.doWork((c) -> {
aRef.set(c.createArrayOf(typeName, elements));
});
return aRef.get();
}
private <T> Parameter<T> createParameter(final String name, final Class<?> clazz) {
return new Parameter<T>() {
@Override
public String getName() {
return name;
}
@Override
public Integer getPosition() {
return null; // not used
}
@Override
public Class<T> getParameterType() {
return (Class<T>) clazz;
}
};
}
None 这些将工作我将得到这些异常之一：
使用 "toArray" 方法时：
Caused by: org.hibernate.HibernateException: Could not determine a type for class: org.postgresql.jdbc4.Jdbc4Array
at org.hibernate.internal.AbstractQueryImpl.guessType(AbstractQueryImpl.java:550)
at org.hibernate.internal.AbstractQueryImpl.guessType(AbstractQueryImpl.java:534)
at org.hibernate.internal.AbstractQueryImpl.determineType(AbstractQueryImpl.java:519)
at org.hibernate.internal.AbstractQueryImpl.setParameter(AbstractQueryImpl.java:487)
at org.hibernate.jpa.internal.QueryImpl$ParameterRegistrationImpl.bindValue(QueryImpl.java:247)
at org.hibernate.
或者当使用 int[] 或字符串时，我会得到：
Caused by: org.postgresql.util.PSQLException: ERROR: op ANY/ALL (array) requires array on right side
Position: 137
at org.postgresql.core.v3.QueryExecutorImpl.receiveErrorResponse(QueryExecutorImpl.java:2270)
at org.postgresql.core.v3.QueryExecutorImpl.processResults(QueryExecutorImpl.java:1998)
at org.postgresql.core.v3.QueryExecutorImpl.execute(QueryExecutorImpl.java:255)
at org.postgresql.jdbc2.AbstractJdbc2Statement.execute(AbstractJdbc2Statement.java:570)
at org.postgresql.jdbc2.AbstractJdbc2Statement.executeWithFlags(AbstractJdbc2Statement.java:420)
at org.postgresql.jdbc2.AbstractJdbc2Statement.executeUpdate(AbstractJdbc2Statement.java:366)
at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke0(Native Method)
at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(NativeMethodAccessorImpl.java:62)
at sun.reflect.DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.java:43)
at java.lang.reflect.Method.invoke(Method.java:498)
at org.postgresql.ds.jdbc23.AbstractJdbc23PooledConnection$StatementHandler.invoke(AbstractJdbc23PooledConnection.java:453)
at com.sun.proxy.$Proxy274.executeUpdate(Unknown Source)
at com.sun.gjc.spi.base.PreparedStatementWrapper.executeUpdate(PreparedStatementWrapper.java:125)
at org.hibernate.engine.jdbc.internal.ResultSetReturnImpl.executeUpdate(ResultSetReturnImpl.java:204)
jpa.spi.BaseQueryImpl.setParameter(BaseQueryImpl.java:582)
当两个 API 都与数据库通信时，我使用 Wireshark 发现了这一点：
Image: Comparison of database calls with Wireshark
select oid, typname from pg_type where oid in (0, 23, 1043) order by oid;
oid |typname
------+-------
23 |int4
1043 |varchar
有没有人设法将数组参数与使用 Hibernate 作为 JPA EntityManager 后端的本机查询一起使用？如果是这样：如何？
我能够通过从 EntityManager 解开 Hibernate 会话并使用 JDBC PreparedStatement 来解决这个问题，它毫无怨言地吃掉 java.sql.Array 参数。
NamedParameterStatement used in the example below is described here（我已根据需要对其进行了修改）。它委托给 PreparedStatement。
其余代码有点像这样：
public int executeUpdate(...){
//....
Integer customerID = 1;
java.sql.Array userIDs = toArray("integer", new int[]{111,222}));
java.sql.Array deviceIDs= toArray("integer", new int[]{333,444}));
final AtomicInteger rowsModifiedRef = new AtomicInteger();
final Session session = em.unwrap(Session.class); // ATTENTION! This is Hibernate-specific!
session.doWork((c) -> {
try (final NamedParameterStatement statement = new NamedParameterStatement(c, queryString)) {
statement.setObject("deviceIDs", userIDs);
statement.setObject("userIDs", userIDs);
statement.setObject("customerID", userIDs);
rowsModifiedRef.set(statement.executeUpdate());
}
});
return rowsModifiedRef.get();
}
private Array toArray(String typeName, Object... elements) {
Session session = em.unwrap(Session.class); // ATTENTION! This is Hibernate-specific!
final AtomicReference<Array> aRef = new AtomicReference<>();
session.doWork((c) -> {
aRef.set(c.createArrayOf(typeName, elements));
});
return aRef.get();
}
将查询从 where user_id = any(:userIDs) 更改为 where user_id IN (:userIDs)，并将 userIDs 数组更改为集合，例如List<Long>。您将不得不额外保护它的空列表，但它会起作用。
所以我们有大量的 Postgres SQL 查询存储在文件中并从 PHP 中使用。任务是将 PHP 替换为 Java。我们希望重用尽可能多的查询 "as is" 以缩短迁移路径。我无法使 Array 参数起作用。
这是一个查询示例：
update user_devices
set some_date = now()
where some_id in (
select distinct some_id from user_devices
where user_id = any(:userIDs) and device_id = any(:deviceIDs)
and exists (select 1 from users where user_id = any(:userIDs) and customer_id = :customerID)
);
请注意导致问题的 "any" 子句，因为它们需要数组类型。 这就是我们在 PHP 中使用它们的方式：
$this->allValues['userIDs'] = '{' . implode ( ",", $userIdNodes ) . '}';
$this->allValues['deviceIDs'] = '{' . implode ( ",", $deviceIdNodes ) . '}';
$this->allValues['customerID'] = customerID;
$this->db->runQuery ( $this->getQuery ( 'my_query' ), $this->allValues );
所以作为参数，数组类型看起来像“{111,222}”。
这是我在 Java 中尝试过的：
Integer customerID = 1;
int[] userIDs = new int[]{111,222};
int[] deviceIDs= new int[]{333,444};
//List<Integer> userIDs = Arrays.asList(111,222);
//List<Integer> deviceIDs= Arrays.asList(333,444);
//java.sql.Array userIDs = toArray("integer", new int[]{111,222}));
//java.sql.Array deviceIDs= toArray("integer", new int[]{333,444}));
//java.sql.Array userIDs = toArray("integer", Arrays.asList(111,222)));
//java.sql.Array deviceIDs= toArray("integer", Arrays.asList(333,444)));
//String userIDs = "{111,222}";
//String deviceIDs= "{333,444}";
//String userIDs = "ARRAY[111,222]";
//String deviceIDs= "ARRAY[333,444]";
Query nativeQuery = em.createNativeQuery(queryString);
nativeQuery.setParameter("userIDs", userIDs);
nativeQuery.setParameter("deviceIDs", deviceIDs);
nativeQuery.setParameter("customerID", customerID);
//nativeQuery.setParameter(createParameter("userIDs",java.sql.Array.class), userIDs);
//nativeQuery.setParameter(createParameter("userIDs",java.sql.Array.class), deviceIDs);
//nativeQuery.setParameter(createParameter("customerID", Integer.class), customerID);
query.executeUpdate();
//[...]
private Array toArray(String typeName, Object... elements) {
Session session = em.unwrap(Session.class); // ATTENTION! This is Hibernate-specific!
final AtomicReference<Array> aRef = new AtomicReference<>();
session.doWork((c) -> {
aRef.set(c.createArrayOf(typeName, elements));
});
return aRef.get();
}
private <T> Parameter<T> createParameter(final String name, final Class<?> clazz) {
return new Parameter<T>() {
@Override
public String getName() {
return name;
}
@Override
public Integer getPosition() {
return null; // not used
}
@Override
public Class<T> getParameterType() {
return (Class<T>) clazz;
}
};
}
None 这些将工作我将得到这些异常之一： 使用 "toArray" 方法时：
Caused by: org.hibernate.HibernateException: Could not determine a type for class: org.postgresql.jdbc4.Jdbc4Array
at org.hibernate.internal.AbstractQueryImpl.guessType(AbstractQueryImpl.java:550)
at org.hibernate.internal.AbstractQueryImpl.guessType(AbstractQueryImpl.java:534)
at org.hibernate.internal.AbstractQueryImpl.determineType(AbstractQueryImpl.java:519)
at org.hibernate.internal.AbstractQueryImpl.setParameter(AbstractQueryImpl.java:487)
at org.hibernate.jpa.internal.QueryImpl$ParameterRegistrationImpl.bindValue(QueryImpl.java:247)
at org.hibernate.
或者当使用 int[] 或字符串时，我会得到：
Caused by: org.postgresql.util.PSQLException: ERROR: op ANY/ALL (array) requires array on right side
Position: 137
at org.postgresql.core.v3.QueryExecutorImpl.receiveErrorResponse(QueryExecutorImpl.java:2270)
at org.postgresql.core.v3.QueryExecutorImpl.processResults(QueryExecutorImpl.java:1998)
at org.postgresql.core.v3.QueryExecutorImpl.execute(QueryExecutorImpl.java:255)
at org.postgresql.jdbc2.AbstractJdbc2Statement.execute(AbstractJdbc2Statement.java:570)
at org.postgresql.jdbc2.AbstractJdbc2Statement.executeWithFlags(AbstractJdbc2Statement.java:420)
at org.postgresql.jdbc2.AbstractJdbc2Statement.executeUpdate(AbstractJdbc2Statement.java:366)
at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke0(Native Method)
at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(NativeMethodAccessorImpl.java:62)
at sun.reflect.DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.java:43)
at java.lang.reflect.Method.invoke(Method.java:498)
at org.postgresql.ds.jdbc23.AbstractJdbc23PooledConnection$StatementHandler.invoke(AbstractJdbc23PooledConnection.java:453)
at com.sun.proxy.$Proxy274.executeUpdate(Unknown Source)
at com.sun.gjc.spi.base.PreparedStatementWrapper.executeUpdate(PreparedStatementWrapper.java:125)
at org.hibernate.engine.jdbc.internal.ResultSetReturnImpl.executeUpdate(ResultSetReturnImpl.java:204)
jpa.spi.BaseQueryImpl.setParameter(BaseQueryImpl.java:582)
当两个 API 都与数据库通信时，我使用 Wireshark 发现了这一点：
Image: Comparison of database calls with Wireshark
select oid, typname from pg_type where oid in (0, 23, 1043) order by oid;
oid |typname
------+-------
23 |int4
1043 |varchar
有没有人设法将数组参数与使用 Hibernate 作为 JPA EntityManager 后端的本机查询一起使用？如果是这样：如何？
我能够通过从 EntityManager 解开 Hibernate 会话并使用 JDBC PreparedStatement 来解决这个问题，它毫无怨言地吃掉 java.sql.Array 参数。
NamedParameterStatement used in the example below is described here（我已根据需要对其进行了修改）。它委托给 PreparedStatement。
其余代码有点像这样：
public int executeUpdate(...){
//....
Integer customerID = 1;
java.sql.Array userIDs = toArray("integer", new int[]{111,222}));
java.sql.Array deviceIDs= toArray("integer", new int[]{333,444}));
final AtomicInteger rowsModifiedRef = new AtomicInteger();
final Session session = em.unwrap(Session.class); // ATTENTION! This is Hibernate-specific!
session.doWork((c) -> {
try (final NamedParameterStatement statement = new NamedParameterStatement(c, queryString)) {
statement.setObject("deviceIDs", userIDs);
statement.setObject("userIDs", userIDs);
statement.setObject("customerID", userIDs);
rowsModifiedRef.set(statement.executeUpdate());
}
});
return rowsModifiedRef.get();
}
private Array toArray(String typeName, Object... elements) {
Session session = em.unwrap(Session.class); // ATTENTION! This is Hibernate-specific!
final AtomicReference<Array> aRef = new AtomicReference<>();
session.doWork((c) -> {
aRef.set(c.createArrayOf(typeName, elements));
});
return aRef.get();
}
将查询从 where user_id = any(:userIDs) 更改为 where user_id IN (:userIDs)，并将 userIDs 数组更改为集合，例如List<Long>。您将不得不额外保护它的空列表，但它会起作用。