Log4j2 - 错误处理元素Appender

Log4j2 - Error processing element Appender

我想写一个简单的程序来测试log4j2。我从 manual 复制了大部分代码。 这是我得到的错误:

2016-05-02 10:11:31,054 main ERROR Error processing element Appender ([Appenders: null]): CLASS_NOT_FOUND
2016-05-02 10:11:31,054 main ERROR Error processing element Appender ([Appenders: null]): CLASS_NOT_FOUND
2016-05-02 10:11:31,117 main ERROR Unable to locate appender "STDOUT" for logger config "root"
2016-05-02 10:11:31,117 main ERROR Unable to locate appender "File" for logger config "MyLogger"

我的java代码:

package log4jtest;

import org.apache.logging.log4j.LogManager;
import org.apache.logging.log4j.Logger;

public class Log4jtest {
    private static final Logger logger = LogManager.getLogger("MyLogger");
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        logger.error("Hello, World!");
    }
}

我的log4j2配置文件:

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<Configuration status="WARN" name="Log4jTest" packages="">
    <Properties>
        <Property name="filename">test.log</Property>
    </Properties>

    <Appenders>
        <Appender type="Console" name="STDOUT">
            <PatternLayout pattern="%d{HH:mm:ss.SSS} [%t] %-5level %logger{36} - %msg%n"/>
        </Appender>

        <Appender type="File" name="File" fileName="${filename}">
            <PatternLayout pattern="%d{HH:mm:ss.SSS} [%t] %-5level %logger{36} - %msg%n"/>
        </Appender>
    </Appenders>

    <Loggers>
        <Logger name="MyLogger" level="ALL" additivity="false">
            <AppenderRef ref="File" />
        </Logger>
        <Root level="ALL">
            <AppenderRef ref="STDOUT" />
        </Root>
    </Loggers>
</Configuration>

有任何解决此错误的想法吗?

使用下一行

public static Logger logger = Logger.getLogger("MyLogger");

在 Log4j 2 中,appender 的类型在元素名称中指定,而不是使用 type 属性。

换句话说,替换

等行
    <Appender type="Console" name="STDOUT">

    <Appender type="File" name="File" fileName="${filename}">

    <Console name="STDOUT">

    <File name="File" fileName="${filename}">

另见 Log4j 2 documentation on appenders

在我的例子中,它是错误的元素名称

<Appenders>
    <RollingRandomAccessFileAppender name="stdout" fileName="../logs/app.log" filePattern="../logs/app.%d{yyMMdd}.%i.log.gz">
...

正确的是

<Appenders>
    <RollingRandomAccessFile name="stdout" fileName="../logs/app.log" filePattern="../logs/app.%d{yyMMdd}.%i.log.gz">
...