登录后如何将路由更改为用户名？

Question

用户登录前路由为：

localhost:54274/Home
localhost:54274/Home/About
localhost:54274/Home/Contact
localhost:54274/Home/Login
localhost:54274/Home/Register

用户登录后，路由为：

1. localhost:54274/Project
2. localhost:54274/Project/Create
3. localhost:54274/Project/Edit/1
4. localhost:54274/Project/Delete/2
5. localhost:54274/Project/1/Requirement
6. localhost:54274/Project/1/Requirement/Create
7. localhost:54274/Project/1/Requirement/Edit/3
8. localhost:54274/Project/1/Requirement/Delete/4

我想在用户登录后将路由更改为用户名一次。例如，用户名是hendyharf。

1. localhost:54274/hendyharf/Project
2. localhost:54274/hendyharf/Project/Create
3. localhost:54274/hendyharf/Project/Edit/1
4. localhost:54274/hendyharf/Project/Delete/2
5. localhost:54274/hendyharf/Project/1/Requirement
6. localhost:54274/hendyharf/Project/1/Requirement/Create
7. localhost:54274/hendyharf/Project/1/Requirement/Edit/3
8. localhost:54274/hendyharf/Project/1/Requirement/Delete/4

我项目的控制器只有 3 个控制器：HomeController、ProjectController 和 RequirementController

我的RouteConfig.cs还是默认的

public static void RegisterRoutes(RouteCollection routes)
{
    routes.IgnoreRoute("{resource}.axd/{*pathInfo}");

    routes.MapRoute(
        name: "Default",
        url: "{controller}/{action}/{id}",
        defaults: new { controller = "Home", action = "Index", id = UrlParameter.Optional }
        );
    }
}

如何将路由更改为用户名？

Answer 1

您需要添加一个路由来覆盖有用户名的情况。

public static void RegisterRoutes(RouteCollection routes)
{
    routes.IgnoreRoute("{resource}.axd/{*pathInfo}");

    routes.MapRoute(
        name: "Username_Default",
        url: "{username}/{controller}/{action}/{id}",
        defaults: new { controller = "Home", action = "Index", id = UrlParameter.Optional },
        constraints: new { username = new OwinUsernameConstraint() }
    );

    routes.MapRoute(
        name: "Default",
        url: "{controller}/{action}/{id}",
        defaults: new { controller = "Home", action = "Index", id = UrlParameter.Optional }
    );
}

但要使其正常工作，您需要在 URL 中添加文字字符串以将该段标识为用户名（即 username-{username}\），或者您需要进行约束只允许数据库中的用户名。这是后者的一个例子：

using MvcUsernameInUrl.Models;
using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Globalization;
using System.Linq;
using System.Web;
using System.Web.Caching;
using System.Web.Routing;

namespace MvcUsernameInUrl
{
    public class OwinUsernameConstraint : IRouteConstraint
    {
        private object synclock = new object();

        public bool Match(HttpContextBase httpContext, Route route, string parameterName, RouteValueDictionary values, RouteDirection routeDirection)
        {
            if (parameterName == null)
                throw new ArgumentNullException("parameterName");
            if (values == null)
                throw new ArgumentNullException("values");

            object value;
            if (values.TryGetValue(parameterName, out value) && value != null)
            {
                string valueString = Convert.ToString(value, CultureInfo.InvariantCulture);
                return this.GetUsernameList(httpContext).Contains(valueString);
            }
            return false;
        }

        private IEnumerable<string> GetUsernameList(HttpContextBase httpContext)
        {
            string key = "UsernameConstraint.GetUsernameList";
            var usernames = httpContext.Cache[key];
            if (usernames == null)
            {
                lock (synclock)
                {
                    usernames = httpContext.Cache[key];
                    if (usernames == null)
                    {
                        // Retrieve the list of usernames from the database
                        using (var db = ApplicationDbContext.Create())
                        {
                            usernames = (from users in db.Users
                                            select users.UserName).ToList();
                        }

                        httpContext.Cache.Insert(
                            key: key,
                            value: usernames,
                            dependencies: null,
                            absoluteExpiration: Cache.NoAbsoluteExpiration,
                            slidingExpiration: TimeSpan.FromSeconds(15),
                            priority: CacheItemPriority.NotRemovable,
                            onRemoveCallback: null);
                    }
                }
            }

            return (IEnumerable<string>)usernames;
        }
    }
}

NOTE: I strongly recommend using caching for this as in the example, since route constraints run on every request and it is not good to hit the database on every request. The downside of this is that it takes up to 15 seconds for the username to become active after it is registered. You could potentially get around this by updating the cache (in a thread-safe way) when a new account is registered in addition to adding the record to the database, which would make it available immediately in the route constraint.

然后只需在用户登录时执行 302 重定向即可。您可以在 global filter.

中执行此操作

using System.Web;
using System.Web.Mvc;

namespace MvcUsernameInUrl
{
    public class RedirectLoggedOnUserFilter : IActionFilter
    {
        public void OnActionExecuting(ActionExecutingContext filterContext)
        {
            var routeValues = filterContext.RequestContext.RouteData.Values;
            bool isLoggedIn = filterContext.HttpContext.User.Identity.IsAuthenticated;
            bool requestHasUserName = routeValues.ContainsKey("username");

            if (isLoggedIn && !requestHasUserName)
            {
                var userName = filterContext.HttpContext.User.Identity.Name;
                // Add the user name as a route value
                routeValues.Add("username", userName);

                filterContext.Result = new RedirectToRouteResult(routeValues);
            }
            else if (!isLoggedIn && requestHasUserName)
            {
                // Remove the user name as a route value
                routeValues.Remove("username");

                filterContext.Result = new RedirectToRouteResult(routeValues);
            }
        }

        public void OnActionExecuted(ActionExecutedContext filterContext)
        {
            // Do nothing
        }
    }
}

用法

public class FilterConfig
{
    public static void RegisterGlobalFilters(GlobalFilterCollection filters)
    {
        filters.Add(new RedirectLoggedOnUserFilter());
        filters.Add(new HandleErrorAttribute());
    }
}

MVC 将 automatically reuse route values from the request when genrating URLs，因此无需更改任何 ActionLinks 以包含 username。

Here is a working demo 在 GitHub 上使用 MVC5、OWIN 和 ASP.NET 身份。

登录后如何将路由更改为用户名？

How to change route to username after logged in?

c#

asp.net-mvc

url-routing

mvvm

asp.net-mvc-routing

用法