Python: 你如何让一个变量 = 1 并且它在不同的 def 块中仍然是这样？ （对于游戏）
Python: How do you make a variable = 1 and it still being that way in a different def block? (For a game)
我有一个问题。即使在不同的 def 函数中，你如何让变量保持定义？我有一个功能，目的是查看有多少 AIs a user wants，例如，如果他们选择 'One' 作为他们想要的 AI 数量 AI1 would be equal 1。这里是定义 AI1 的地方：
def AISection():#Same as line 1
global AI1, AI2, AI3
print("How many AIs do you want to play with?\nChoices:\n1. One\n2. Two\n3. Three")
#Asks user next question.
while(True):
#Same as line 4.
UserInput = input("Answer goes here:")
#same as line 6
if(UserInput in ['ONE', 'One', 'one']):
#Same as line 8
AI1 = 1
#Only AI1 will be activated.
break
#Same as line
所以如果他们 choose 'One' 只有 AI1 will be equal to 1。那么一旦发生这种情况，用户将能够 select 他们想要多少张卡片。这是基于他们想要激活多少 AI 因此，在上一段中 One 将被 selected 因此他们可以在下面的代码中从 3 种不同的卡金额中进行选择：
def CardsSection():#Same as line 1
global AI1, AI2, AI3#Makes sure the AIs are equal to something
print("How many cards do you want in your hand?")
#Asks the user for an amount of cards the users wants.
if(AI1 == 1) and (AI2 == 2):
#If they choose 2 AIs.
print("Choices:\n1. Four\n2. Six\n3. Eight")
#This is so an even amount of cards will be distributed from the deck.
elif(AI1 == 1) or (AI1 == 1) and (AI3 == 3):
#If they choose 1 AI or 3 AIs.
print("Choices:\n1. Five\n2. Seven\n3. Nine")
#Same is line 68.
但是当我 运行 代码到达 def CardsSection （AISection 之后的部分，其中定义了 AI1）。然后报错：
Traceback (most recent call last):
File "python", line 81, in <module>
File "python", line 68, in CardsSection
NameError: name 'AI1' is not defined
问题是我定义了 AI1 = 1 但我的代码无法识别它。我认为这是因为它是在不同的定义中定义的。我想如果我使用全局 "Module" 无论我将 AI1、AI2 和 AI3 设置为等于它们都会是这样，而不管我在哪个 def 函数中。我怎样才能做到无论我在哪里设置 AI1， AI2 和 AI3 等于（在本例中为 AISection），它们会这样不管我在哪里？这是我到目前为止的完整代码：
def StartSection():#The starting section.
print("Do you want to play?\nChoices:\n1. Yes\n2. No")
#Asks the user a question.
while(True):
#Loops if user doesn't answer properly.
UserInput = input("Answer goes here:")
#Prompts the users.
if(UserInput in ['YES', 'Yes', 'yes']):
#If user says yes.
print("Great! Now choose your 'AI Settings'.")
#Praises the user & tells user about next prompt.
break
#Stops the loop. Continues to next prompt.
elif(UserInput in ['NO', 'No', 'no']):
#Else, if User says no.
print("Bye bye!")
#Farewells to the user.
quit()
#Ends Code.
else:
#Else user types neither 'Yes' or 'No'.
print("That is not a choice! Please try again.")
#Tells user to choose again.
print("Here are the choices:\n1. Yes\n2. No")
#Tells user their choices again; goes back to start.
StartSection()#Ends the section of code.
def AISection():#Same as line 1
global AI1, AI2, AI3
print("How many AIs do you want to play with?\nChoices:\n1. One\n2. Two\n3. Three")
#Asks user next question.
while(True):
#Same as line 4.
UserInput = input("Answer goes here:")
#same as line 6
if(UserInput in ['ONE', 'One', 'one']):
#Same as line 8
AI1 = 1
#Only AI1 will be activated.
break
#Same as line 12
elif(UserInput in ['TWO', 'Two', 'two']):
#Same as line 14
AI1 = 1
AI2 = 2
#AI1 and AI2 are activated. AI3 is not activated.
break
#Same as line 12
elif(UserInput in ['THREE', 'Three', 'three']):
#Same as line 14
AI1 = 1
AI2 = 2
AI3 = 3
#All 3 AIs are activated.
break
#Same as line 12
else:
print("That is not a choice! Pleasse try again.")
#Same as line 22
print("Here are your choices:\n1. One\n2. Two\n3. Three")
#Same as line 24
print("You selested %s AIs" % (UserInput[0].upper()+UserInput[1::1].lower()))
#Tells the user that what they select while keeping it in a upper-lower case fashion.
AISection()#Same as line 26
def CardsSection():#Same as line 1
global AI1, AI2, AI3#Makes sure the AIs are equal to something
print("How many cards do you want in your hand?")
#Asks the user for an amount of cards the users wants.
if(AI1 == 1) and (AI2 == 2):
#If they choose 2 AIs.
print("Choices:\n1. Four\n2. Six\n3. Eight")
#This is so an even amount of cards will be distributed from the deck.
elif(AI1 == 1) or (AI1 == 1) and (AI3 == 3):
#If they choose 1 AI or 3 AIs.
print("Choices:\n1. Five\n2. Seven\n3. Nine")
#Same is line 68.
else:
print("Something didn't go right!")
#If they happened to choose neither 1, 2, or 3 AIs.
return StartSection()
#Returns them basck to start.
CardsSection()
希望对您有所帮助:)。
我相信您正面临一个 scope 问题，尽管您将其定义为全局的，但您并没有在函数之外定义它。如果您在任何函数之外定义这三个变量，那么您的程序似乎可以运行：
def AISection():
global AI1, AI2, AI3
AI1 = 0
AI2 = 0
AI3 = 0
print("How many AIs do you want to play with?\nChoices:\n1. One\n2. Two\n3. Three")
while True:
UserInput = input("Answer goes here:")
if UserInput.lower() == "one":
AI1 += 1
break
def CardsSection():
global AI1, AI2, AI3
print("How many cards do you want in your hand?")
if AI1 == 1 and AI2 == 2:
print("Choices:\n1. Four\n2. Six\n3. Eight")
elif AI1 == 1 or AI1 == 1 and AI3 == 3:
print("Choices:\n1. Five\n2. Seven\n3. Nine")
另请注意，虽然这不是代码审查，但我强烈建议使用 UserInput.lower() == "one" 而不是列表检查，这样会更有效率并接受更多答案（"oNe" 例如，如果用户曾经想输入该答案）。
问题是您没有在 AISection() 中定义变量 AI1、AI2 或 AI3。您需要在那里将它们设置为 0，否则它们未定义。
def AISection():
global AI1, AI2, AI3
AI1 = 0
AI2 = 0
AI3 = 0
print("How many AIs do you want to play with?\nChoices:\n1. One\n2. Two\n3. Three")
while True:
UserInput = input("Answer goes here:")
if UserInput.lower() == "one":
AI1 = 1
break
我有一个问题。即使在不同的 def 函数中，你如何让变量保持定义？我有一个功能，目的是查看有多少 AIs a user wants，例如，如果他们选择 'One' 作为他们想要的 AI 数量 AI1 would be equal 1。这里是定义 AI1 的地方：
def AISection():#Same as line 1
global AI1, AI2, AI3
print("How many AIs do you want to play with?\nChoices:\n1. One\n2. Two\n3. Three")
#Asks user next question.
while(True):
#Same as line 4.
UserInput = input("Answer goes here:")
#same as line 6
if(UserInput in ['ONE', 'One', 'one']):
#Same as line 8
AI1 = 1
#Only AI1 will be activated.
break
#Same as line
所以如果他们 choose 'One' 只有 AI1 will be equal to 1。那么一旦发生这种情况，用户将能够 select 他们想要多少张卡片。这是基于他们想要激活多少 AI 因此，在上一段中 One 将被 selected 因此他们可以在下面的代码中从 3 种不同的卡金额中进行选择：
def CardsSection():#Same as line 1
global AI1, AI2, AI3#Makes sure the AIs are equal to something
print("How many cards do you want in your hand?")
#Asks the user for an amount of cards the users wants.
if(AI1 == 1) and (AI2 == 2):
#If they choose 2 AIs.
print("Choices:\n1. Four\n2. Six\n3. Eight")
#This is so an even amount of cards will be distributed from the deck.
elif(AI1 == 1) or (AI1 == 1) and (AI3 == 3):
#If they choose 1 AI or 3 AIs.
print("Choices:\n1. Five\n2. Seven\n3. Nine")
#Same is line 68.
但是当我 运行 代码到达 def CardsSection （AISection 之后的部分，其中定义了 AI1）。然后报错：
Traceback (most recent call last):
File "python", line 81, in <module>
File "python", line 68, in CardsSection
NameError: name 'AI1' is not defined
问题是我定义了 AI1 = 1 但我的代码无法识别它。我认为这是因为它是在不同的定义中定义的。我想如果我使用全局 "Module" 无论我将 AI1、AI2 和 AI3 设置为等于它们都会是这样，而不管我在哪个 def 函数中。我怎样才能做到无论我在哪里设置 AI1， AI2 和 AI3 等于（在本例中为 AISection），它们会这样不管我在哪里？这是我到目前为止的完整代码：
def StartSection():#The starting section.
print("Do you want to play?\nChoices:\n1. Yes\n2. No")
#Asks the user a question.
while(True):
#Loops if user doesn't answer properly.
UserInput = input("Answer goes here:")
#Prompts the users.
if(UserInput in ['YES', 'Yes', 'yes']):
#If user says yes.
print("Great! Now choose your 'AI Settings'.")
#Praises the user & tells user about next prompt.
break
#Stops the loop. Continues to next prompt.
elif(UserInput in ['NO', 'No', 'no']):
#Else, if User says no.
print("Bye bye!")
#Farewells to the user.
quit()
#Ends Code.
else:
#Else user types neither 'Yes' or 'No'.
print("That is not a choice! Please try again.")
#Tells user to choose again.
print("Here are the choices:\n1. Yes\n2. No")
#Tells user their choices again; goes back to start.
StartSection()#Ends the section of code.
def AISection():#Same as line 1
global AI1, AI2, AI3
print("How many AIs do you want to play with?\nChoices:\n1. One\n2. Two\n3. Three")
#Asks user next question.
while(True):
#Same as line 4.
UserInput = input("Answer goes here:")
#same as line 6
if(UserInput in ['ONE', 'One', 'one']):
#Same as line 8
AI1 = 1
#Only AI1 will be activated.
break
#Same as line 12
elif(UserInput in ['TWO', 'Two', 'two']):
#Same as line 14
AI1 = 1
AI2 = 2
#AI1 and AI2 are activated. AI3 is not activated.
break
#Same as line 12
elif(UserInput in ['THREE', 'Three', 'three']):
#Same as line 14
AI1 = 1
AI2 = 2
AI3 = 3
#All 3 AIs are activated.
break
#Same as line 12
else:
print("That is not a choice! Pleasse try again.")
#Same as line 22
print("Here are your choices:\n1. One\n2. Two\n3. Three")
#Same as line 24
print("You selested %s AIs" % (UserInput[0].upper()+UserInput[1::1].lower()))
#Tells the user that what they select while keeping it in a upper-lower case fashion.
AISection()#Same as line 26
def CardsSection():#Same as line 1
global AI1, AI2, AI3#Makes sure the AIs are equal to something
print("How many cards do you want in your hand?")
#Asks the user for an amount of cards the users wants.
if(AI1 == 1) and (AI2 == 2):
#If they choose 2 AIs.
print("Choices:\n1. Four\n2. Six\n3. Eight")
#This is so an even amount of cards will be distributed from the deck.
elif(AI1 == 1) or (AI1 == 1) and (AI3 == 3):
#If they choose 1 AI or 3 AIs.
print("Choices:\n1. Five\n2. Seven\n3. Nine")
#Same is line 68.
else:
print("Something didn't go right!")
#If they happened to choose neither 1, 2, or 3 AIs.
return StartSection()
#Returns them basck to start.
CardsSection()
希望对您有所帮助:)。
我相信您正面临一个 scope 问题，尽管您将其定义为全局的，但您并没有在函数之外定义它。如果您在任何函数之外定义这三个变量，那么您的程序似乎可以运行：
def AISection():
global AI1, AI2, AI3
AI1 = 0
AI2 = 0
AI3 = 0
print("How many AIs do you want to play with?\nChoices:\n1. One\n2. Two\n3. Three")
while True:
UserInput = input("Answer goes here:")
if UserInput.lower() == "one":
AI1 += 1
break
def CardsSection():
global AI1, AI2, AI3
print("How many cards do you want in your hand?")
if AI1 == 1 and AI2 == 2:
print("Choices:\n1. Four\n2. Six\n3. Eight")
elif AI1 == 1 or AI1 == 1 and AI3 == 3:
print("Choices:\n1. Five\n2. Seven\n3. Nine")
另请注意，虽然这不是代码审查，但我强烈建议使用 UserInput.lower() == "one" 而不是列表检查，这样会更有效率并接受更多答案（"oNe" 例如，如果用户曾经想输入该答案）。
问题是您没有在 AISection() 中定义变量 AI1、AI2 或 AI3。您需要在那里将它们设置为 0，否则它们未定义。
def AISection():
global AI1, AI2, AI3
AI1 = 0
AI2 = 0
AI3 = 0
print("How many AIs do you want to play with?\nChoices:\n1. One\n2. Two\n3. Three")
while True:
UserInput = input("Answer goes here:")
if UserInput.lower() == "one":
AI1 = 1
break