SQL 使用参数执行查询

Question

我无法弄清楚为什么基于我将参数换成实际值，查询运行花费的时间要长得多。

DECLARE @quarter int
DECLARE @year int
DECLARE @countOfUnitsBought int

set @year = 2009
set @quarter = 1
set @countOfUnitsBought = 4;

with res
as
(
select
o.account_id
--,orderyear
--,orderquarter      
from
fmtables.[dbo].[orders] o     
--cross apply(values(year(o.[ship_date]))) as a1(orderyear)
--cross apply(values(DatePart(quarter,(o.[ship_date])))) as a2(orderquarter)    
where 
   ship_date = (select min(ship_date) from fmtables.[dbo].[orders] mo where [account_id] = o.account_id) and 
   total_value > 0 AND 
   order_status NOT LIKE 'return%' AND 
   order_status NOT LIKE 'cancel%' AND 
   order_status NOT LIKE 'freeze%' and   
   CAST(DatePart(quarter,(o.[ship_date])) as int) = @quarter and
   year(o.[ship_date]) = @year and
    (select sum(quantity) from fmtables..[orders] ox    inner join fmtables..[orderlines] olx on ox.order_id = olx.order_id  
                      where olx.order_id = o.order_id and [product_code] in(select [product_code] from fmtables..[products] where [category_code] in('1','2','3','4'))) >= @countOfUnitsBought

)
select * from res;

此查询需要 43 秒才能运行。

现在，如果我简单地替换@quarter 并更改为文字

CAST(DatePart(quarter,(o.[ship_date])) as int) = 1 and

现在需要 1 秒。

任何人都可以告诉我为什么以及是否需要更改一些转换来提供帮助。谢谢斯科特

编辑：

因此，在大家的评论的帮助下，我设法让它顺利通过。我混合使用了从输入传递参数然后传递到过程中的 'local' 变量。

alter procedure [dbo].[Lifetime_HeadsetUnits]
 @inquarter int ,  @inyear int,  @incountOfUnitsBought int
as
DECLARE @quarter int
DECLARE @year int
declare @countOfUnitsBought int

select @quarter = @inquarter
select @year = @inyear
select @countOfUnitsBought = @incountOfUnitsBought

还有选项（优化（@quarter = 1））
作为最终输出查询的一部分。

Answer 1

试试这个。我重写了日期部分，以便可以使用索引，并且数据库不会对所有行进行长时间计算。换句话说，我计算了你的日期 sargable:

DECLARE @quarter int
DECLARE @year int
DECLARE @countOfUnitsBought int

set @year = 2009
set @quarter = 1
declare @from datetime = dateadd(quarter, @quarter - 1, cast(@year as char(4)))

set @countOfUnitsBought = 4;

with res
as
(
  select
  o.account_id
  from
    fmtables.[dbo].[orders] o     
  where 
     ship_date = 
      (select min(ship_date) 
       from fmtables.[dbo].[orders] mo
       where [account_id] = o.account_id) and 
   total_value > 0 AND 
   order_status NOT LIKE 'return%' AND 
   order_status NOT LIKE 'cancel%' AND 
   order_status NOT LIKE 'freeze%' and   
   o.[ship_date] >= @quarter and
   o.[ship_date] < DATEADD(QUARTER, 1, @from) and
    (select sum(quantity) from fmtables..[orders] ox    
    inner join fmtables..[orderlines] olx on ox.order_id = olx.order_id  
    where [product_code] in(select [product_code] from fmtables..[products] 
    where [category_code] in('1','2','3','4'))) >= @countOfUnitsBought
)
select * from res;

您运行是 sql-server 2008 吗？有一个 bug 也可以解释您的性能问题。

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