仅将新记录插入 SQL Table 使用 VBA

Question

我有一个 Excel 工作簿，其中包含以下代码 -

Sub Button1_Click()
    Dim conn As New ADODB.Connection
    Dim iRowNo As Integer
    Dim sFirstName, sLastName As String

    With Sheets("Sheet1")

        'Open a connection to SQL Server
        conn.Open "Provider=SQLOLEDB;" & _
            "Data Source=server1;" & _
            "Initial Catalog=table1;" & _
            "User ID=user1; Password=pass1"

        'Skip the header row
        iRowNo = 2

        'Loop until empty cell in CustomerId
        Do Until .Cells(iRowNo, 1) = ""
            sFirstName = .Cells(iRowNo, 1)
            sLastName = .Cells(iRowNo, 2)

            'Generate and execute sql statement
            ' to import the excel rows to SQL Server table
            conn.Execute "Insert into dbo.Customers (FirstName, LastName) " & _
                         "values ('" & sFirstName & "', '" & sLastName & "')"

            iRowNo = iRowNo + 1
        Loop

        MsgBox "Customers imported."

        conn.Close
        Set conn = Nothing

    End With

End Sub

这将打开与我的数据库的连接并输入指定列中的值。

主键是数据库上的增量键。问题是它会复制所有值。

我想将新的数据行添加到 Excel Sheet 中，并且只插入那些尚不存在的行。

我尝试了不同的方法（'merge'、'if exist'、如果不存在等），但我无法正确处理。

解决方案必须通过 VBA。使用 SSMS 设置 link 不是一个选项。

我知道可以使用临时表，然后触发执行合并的过程，但我想将其作为最后的手段进行研究。还没有读完（通过我的 MS SQL 圣经书），但我希望它不是必需的。

---根据@Kannan 的回答更新---

VBA 的新部分 -

conn.Execute "IF EXISTS (SELECT 1 FROM dbo.Customers WHERE FirstName = '" &      sFirstName & "' and LastName = '" & sLastName & "') " & _
             "THEN UPDATE dbo.customers SET WHERE Firstname = '" & sFirstName & "' and LastName = '" & sLastName & "' " & _
             "ELSE INSERT INTO dbo.Customers (FirstName, LastName) " & _
             "VALUES ('" & sFirstName & "', '" & sLastName & "')"

此 returns 错误 '关键字 'THEN' 附近的语法不正确。

Answer 1

您可以像这样使用 sql 查询：

IF Exists ( Select 1 from dbo.customers where Firstname = '" & sFirstName & "' and LastName = '" & sLastName & "' THEN Update dbo.customers set --other columns where Firstname = '" & sFirstName & "' and LastName = '" & sLastName & "'
ELSE Insert into dbo.Customers (FirstName, LastName) " & _
                     "values ('" & sFirstName & "', '" & sLastName & "')"

不确定 excel 和 C# 的语法，您可以更正类似于此查询的语法

Answer 2

您的 SQL 查询不太正确 - SQL IF.

中没有 THEN

此外，如果它存在，你不需要做任何事情，所以如果不存在，就使用它。

"IF NOT EXISTS (SELECT 1 FROM dbo.Customers WHERE FirstName = '" & sFirstName & "' and LastName = '" & sLastName & "') " & _
         "INSERT INTO dbo.Customers (FirstName, LastName) " & _
         "VALUES ('" & sFirstName & "', '" & sLastName & "')"

Answer 3

这应该可以为您完成。

Sub Button_Click()
'TRUSTED CONNECTION
    On Error GoTo errH

    Dim con As New ADODB.Connection
    Dim rs As New ADODB.Recordset
    Dim strPath As String
    Dim intImportRow As Integer
    Dim strFirstName, strLastName As String

    Dim server, username, password, table, database As String


    With Sheets("Sheet1")

            server = .TextBox1.Text
            table = .TextBox4.Text
            database = .TextBox5.Text


            If con.State <> 1 Then

                con.Open "Provider=SQLOLEDB;Data Source=" & server & ";Initial Catalog=" & database & ";Integrated Security=SSPI;"
                'con.Open

            End If
            'this is the TRUSTED connection string

            Set rs.ActiveConnection = con

            'delete all records first if checkbox checked
            If .CheckBox1 Then
                con.Execute "delete from tbl_demo"
            End If

            'set first row with records to import
            'you could also just loop thru a range if you want.
            intImportRow = 10

            Do Until .Cells(intImportRow, 1) = ""
                strFirstName = .Cells(intImportRow, 1)
                strLastName = .Cells(intImportRow, 2)

                'insert row into database
                con.Execute "insert into tbl_demo (firstname, lastname) values ('" & strFirstName & "', '" & strLastName & "')"

                intImportRow = intImportRow + 1
            Loop

            MsgBox "Done importing", vbInformation

            con.Close
            Set con = Nothing

    End With

Exit Sub

errH:
    MsgBox Err.Description
End Sub

添加对以下内容的引用： Microsoft ActiveX 数据对象 2.8 库

仅供参考，我的 sheet 看起来像这样。

仅将新记录插入 SQL Table 使用 VBA

Insert new records only into SQL Table Using VBA

sql-server

excel

vba

ssms