使用 Nginx 和 Django 设置 Unix Socket
Setting up Unix Socket with Nginx and Django
我正在尝试按照 http://uwsgi-docs.readthedocs.org/en/latest/tutorials/Django_and_nginx.html. I've gotten everything working down to http://uwsgi-docs.readthedocs.org/en/latest/tutorials/Django_and_nginx.html#using-unix-sockets-instead-of-ports 上的教程进行操作。我正在使用亚马逊 EC2 上的 ubuntu 14.4 实例：
Nginx 配置文件开头为：
# the upstream component nginx needs to connect to
upstream django {
server unix:///path/to/your/mysite/mysite.sock; # for a file socket
# server 127.0.0.1:8001; # for a web port socket (we'll use this first)
}
我对设置 unix 套接字的语法感到困惑。我查看了多个来源，包括 http://pymotw.com/2/socket/uds.html , Permission denied - nginx and uwsgi socket and https://serverfault.com/questions/124517/whats-the-difference-between-unix-socket-and-tcp-ip-socket
看起来它们都以“///”开头 如果我理解正确的话，路径只是指向（在我的例子中）django 项目的根目录并且路径必须以“.sock”结尾。这看起来对吗？
编辑：我已经制作了 uwsgi 配置文件，但我正在尝试 运行 使用 --socket 开关来代替：
Nginx 配置文件现在开始于：
# the upstream component nginx needs to connect to
upstream django {
server unix:///tmp/mysite.sock; # for a file socket
# server 127.0.0.1:8001; # for a web port socket (we'll use this first)
}
按照我认为你所说的，我正在 运行ning uwsgi on socket /tmp/mysite.sock 。
(env1)ubuntu@ip-172-31-28-196:~$ uwsgi --socket /tmp/mysite.sock --wsgi-file test.py --chmod-socket=664
当我打开时：
http://52.10.----:8000/
在 firefox 中我看到：
502 Bad Gateway
nginx 的错误日志显示：
2015/03/04 15:08:44 [crit] 18398#0: *3 connect() to unix:///home/ubuntu/mysite.sock failed (13: Permission denied) while connecting to upstream, client: 64.56.60.130, server: 52.10.200.38, request: "GET / HTTP/1.1", upstream: "uwsgi://unix:///home/ubuntu/mysite.sock:", host: "52.10.200.38:8000"
编辑 2：我注释掉了与 django 相关的内容 -
# mysite_uwsgi.ini file
[uwsgi]
# Django-related settings
# the base directory (full path)
#chdir = /path/to/your/project
# Django's wsgi file
#module = project.wsgi
# the virtualenv (full path)
#home = /path/to/virtualenv
# process-related settings
# master
master = true
# maximum number of worker processes
processes = 1
# the socket (use the full path to be safe
socket = /tmp/mysite.sock
# ... with appropriate permissions - may be needed
chmod-socket = 664
# clear environment on exit
vacuum = true
我试过了：
(env1)ubuntu@ip-172-31-28-196:~$ uwsgi --ini /home/ubuntu/tproxy/tp/mysite_uwsgi.ini --wsgi-file test.py
但是又出现了 502 错误。
2015/03/04 17:50:00 [crit] 18842#0: *1 connect() to unix:///tmp/mysite.sock failed (13: Permission denied) while connecting to upstream, client: 64.56.60.130, server: 52.10.200.38, request: "GET / HTTP/1.1", upstream: "uwsgi://unix:///tmp/mysite.sock:", host: "52.10.200.38:8000"
编辑 3：
(env1)ubuntu@ip-172-31-28-196:~$ uwsgi --ini /home/ubuntu/tproxy/tp/mysite_uwsgi.ini --wsgi-file te
st.py
[uWSGI] getting INI configuration from /home/ubuntu/tproxy/tp/mysite_uwsgi.ini
*** Starting uWSGI 2.0.9 (64bit) on [Wed Mar 4 18:41:43 2015] ***
compiled with version: 4.8.2 on 03 March 2015 02:58:28
os: Linux-3.13.0-44-generic #73-Ubuntu SMP Tue Dec 16 00:22:43 UTC 2014
nodename: ip-172-31-28-196
machine: x86_64
clock source: unix
detected number of CPU cores: 1
current working directory: /home/ubuntu
detected binary path: /home/ubuntu/.virtualenvs/env1/bin/uwsgi
!!! no internal routing support, rebuild with pcre support !!!
your processes number limit is 7862
your memory page size is 4096 bytes
detected max file descriptor number: 1024
lock engine: pthread robust mutexes
thunder lock: disabled (you can enable it with --thunder-lock)
uwsgi socket 0 bound to UNIX address /tmp/mysite.sock fd 3
Python version: 3.4.0 (default, Apr 11 2014, 13:08:40) [GCC 4.8.2]
*** Python threads support is disabled. You can enable it with --enable-threads ***
Python main interpreter initialized at 0x205e710
your server socket listen backlog is limited to 100 connections
your mercy for graceful operations on workers is 60 seconds
mapped 145520 bytes (142 KB) for 1 cores
*** Operational MODE: single process ***
WSGI app 0 (mountpoint='') ready in 0 seconds on interpreter 0x205e710 pid: 18868 (default app)
*** uWSGI is running in multiple interpreter mode ***
spawned uWSGI master process (pid: 18868)
spawned uWSGI worker 1 (pid: 18869, cores: 1)
编辑 4：- 刚注意到
♥SIGINT/SIGQUIT received...killing workers...
worker 1 buried after 1 seconds
goodbye to uWSGI.
VACUUM: unix socket /tmp/mysite.sock removed.
所以每次我退出 uWSGI 时，套接字都会被删除。也许我应该关闭 vaccum 选项以便保留 chmod 设置？
我改了：
vacuum = false
但是...
(env1)ubuntu@ip-172-31-28-196:/tmp$ sudo chmod 777 mysite.sock
(env1)ubuntu@ip-172-31-28-196:/tmp$ ls -la
total 8
drwxrwxrwt 2 root root 4096 Mar 4 19:32 .
drwxr-xr-x 22 root root 4096 Mar 4 19:06 ..
srwxrwxrwx 1 ubuntu ubuntu 0 Mar 4 19:32 mysite.sock
(env1)ubuntu@ip-172-31-28-196:/tmp$ cd /home/ubuntu/
(env1)ubuntu@ip-172-31-28-196:~$ ls
host_type.py requirements.txt test.py tproxy
(env1)ubuntu@ip-172-31-28-196:~$ sudo /etc/init.d/nginx restart
* Restarting nginx nginx
...done.
(env1)ubuntu@ip-172-31-28-196:~$ uwsgi --ini /home/ubuntu/tproxy/tp/mysite_uwsgi.ini --wsgi-fi
st.py
[uWSGI] getting INI configuration from /home/ubuntu/tproxy/tp/mysite_uwsgi.ini
*** Starting uWSGI 2.0.9 (64bit) on [Wed Mar 4 19:36:42 2015] ***
.....
spawned uWSGI worker 1 (pid: 1568, cores: 1)
♥SIGINT/SIGQUIT received...killing workers...
worker 1 buried after 1 seconds
goodbye to uWSGI.
(env1)ubuntu@ip-172-31-28-196:~$ cd /tmp
(env1)ubuntu@ip-172-31-28-196:/tmp$ ls -la
total 8
drwxrwxrwt 2 root root 4096 Mar 4 19:36 .
drwxr-xr-x 22 root root 4096 Mar 4 19:06 ..
srw-rw-r-- 1 ubuntu ubuntu 0 Mar 4 19:36 mysite.sock
所以 chmod 没有被保留..
编辑 5：
(env1)ubuntu@ip-172-31-28-196:/tmp$ uwsgi --ini /home/ubuntu/tproxy/tp/mysite_uwsgi.ini --wsgi-file
test.py --chmod-socket=777
[uWSGI] getting INI configuration from /home/ubuntu/tproxy/tp/mysite_uwsgi.ini
*** Starting uWSGI 2.0.9 (64bit) on [Wed Mar 4 20:54:21 2015] ***
compiled with version: 4.8.2 on 03 March 2015 02:58:28
os: Linux-3.13.0-44-generic #73-Ubuntu SMP Tue Dec 16 00:22:43 UTC 2014
nodename: ip-172-31-28-196
machine: x86_64
clock source: unix
detected number of CPU cores: 1
current working directory: /tmp
detected binary path: /home/ubuntu/.virtualenvs/env1/bin/uwsgi
!!! no internal routing support, rebuild with pcre support !!!
your processes number limit is 7862
your memory page size is 4096 bytes
detected max file descriptor number: 1024
lock engine: pthread robust mutexes
thunder lock: disabled (you can enable it with --thunder-lock)
uwsgi socket 0 bound to UNIX address /tmp/mysite.sock fd 3
Python version: 3.4.0 (default, Apr 11 2014, 13:08:40) [GCC 4.8.2]
*** Python threads support is disabled. You can enable it with --enable-threads ***
Python main interpreter initialized at 0x18b4790
your server socket listen backlog is limited to 100 connections
your mercy for graceful operations on workers is 60 seconds
mapped 145520 bytes (142 KB) for 1 cores
*** Operational MODE: single process ***
failed to open python file test.py
unable to load app 0 (mountpoint='') (callable not found or import error)
*** no app loaded. going in full dynamic mode ***
*** uWSGI is running in multiple interpreter mode ***
spawned uWSGI master process (pid: 1858)
spawned uWSGI worker 1 (pid: 1859, cores: 1)
--- no python application found, check your startup logs for errors ---
[pid: 1859|app: -1|req: -1/1] 64.56.60.130 () {36 vars in 555 bytes} [Wed Mar 4 20:54:34 2015] GET
/ => generated 21 bytes in 0 msecs (HTTP/1.1 500) 2 headers in 83 bytes (0 switches on core 0)
现在收到内部服务器错误：
2015/03/04 19:33:26 [crit] 1531#0: *1 connect() to unix:///tmp/mysite.sock failed (13: Permission denied) while connecting to upstream, client: 64.56.60.130, server: 52.10.200.38, request: "GET / HTTP/1.1", upstream: "uwsgi://unix:///tmp/mysite.sock:", host: "52.10.200.38:8000"
将其更改为服务器 unix:///tmp/mysite.sock; 然后在您创建的 uwsgi ini 文件中，在 /tmp/
中创建 unix 套接字
我正在尝试按照 http://uwsgi-docs.readthedocs.org/en/latest/tutorials/Django_and_nginx.html. I've gotten everything working down to http://uwsgi-docs.readthedocs.org/en/latest/tutorials/Django_and_nginx.html#using-unix-sockets-instead-of-ports 上的教程进行操作。我正在使用亚马逊 EC2 上的 ubuntu 14.4 实例：
Nginx 配置文件开头为：
# the upstream component nginx needs to connect to
upstream django {
server unix:///path/to/your/mysite/mysite.sock; # for a file socket
# server 127.0.0.1:8001; # for a web port socket (we'll use this first)
}
我对设置 unix 套接字的语法感到困惑。我查看了多个来源，包括 http://pymotw.com/2/socket/uds.html , Permission denied - nginx and uwsgi socket and https://serverfault.com/questions/124517/whats-the-difference-between-unix-socket-and-tcp-ip-socket
看起来它们都以“///”开头 如果我理解正确的话，路径只是指向（在我的例子中）django 项目的根目录并且路径必须以“.sock”结尾。这看起来对吗？
编辑：我已经制作了 uwsgi 配置文件，但我正在尝试 运行 使用 --socket 开关来代替：
Nginx 配置文件现在开始于：
# the upstream component nginx needs to connect to
upstream django {
server unix:///tmp/mysite.sock; # for a file socket
# server 127.0.0.1:8001; # for a web port socket (we'll use this first)
}
按照我认为你所说的，我正在 运行ning uwsgi on socket /tmp/mysite.sock 。
(env1)ubuntu@ip-172-31-28-196:~$ uwsgi --socket /tmp/mysite.sock --wsgi-file test.py --chmod-socket=664
当我打开时：
http://52.10.----:8000/
在 firefox 中我看到：
502 Bad Gateway
nginx 的错误日志显示：
2015/03/04 15:08:44 [crit] 18398#0: *3 connect() to unix:///home/ubuntu/mysite.sock failed (13: Permission denied) while connecting to upstream, client: 64.56.60.130, server: 52.10.200.38, request: "GET / HTTP/1.1", upstream: "uwsgi://unix:///home/ubuntu/mysite.sock:", host: "52.10.200.38:8000"
编辑 2：我注释掉了与 django 相关的内容 -
# mysite_uwsgi.ini file
[uwsgi]
# Django-related settings
# the base directory (full path)
#chdir = /path/to/your/project
# Django's wsgi file
#module = project.wsgi
# the virtualenv (full path)
#home = /path/to/virtualenv
# process-related settings
# master
master = true
# maximum number of worker processes
processes = 1
# the socket (use the full path to be safe
socket = /tmp/mysite.sock
# ... with appropriate permissions - may be needed
chmod-socket = 664
# clear environment on exit
vacuum = true
我试过了：
(env1)ubuntu@ip-172-31-28-196:~$ uwsgi --ini /home/ubuntu/tproxy/tp/mysite_uwsgi.ini --wsgi-file test.py
但是又出现了 502 错误。
2015/03/04 17:50:00 [crit] 18842#0: *1 connect() to unix:///tmp/mysite.sock failed (13: Permission denied) while connecting to upstream, client: 64.56.60.130, server: 52.10.200.38, request: "GET / HTTP/1.1", upstream: "uwsgi://unix:///tmp/mysite.sock:", host: "52.10.200.38:8000"
编辑 3：
(env1)ubuntu@ip-172-31-28-196:~$ uwsgi --ini /home/ubuntu/tproxy/tp/mysite_uwsgi.ini --wsgi-file te
st.py
[uWSGI] getting INI configuration from /home/ubuntu/tproxy/tp/mysite_uwsgi.ini
*** Starting uWSGI 2.0.9 (64bit) on [Wed Mar 4 18:41:43 2015] ***
compiled with version: 4.8.2 on 03 March 2015 02:58:28
os: Linux-3.13.0-44-generic #73-Ubuntu SMP Tue Dec 16 00:22:43 UTC 2014
nodename: ip-172-31-28-196
machine: x86_64
clock source: unix
detected number of CPU cores: 1
current working directory: /home/ubuntu
detected binary path: /home/ubuntu/.virtualenvs/env1/bin/uwsgi
!!! no internal routing support, rebuild with pcre support !!!
your processes number limit is 7862
your memory page size is 4096 bytes
detected max file descriptor number: 1024
lock engine: pthread robust mutexes
thunder lock: disabled (you can enable it with --thunder-lock)
uwsgi socket 0 bound to UNIX address /tmp/mysite.sock fd 3
Python version: 3.4.0 (default, Apr 11 2014, 13:08:40) [GCC 4.8.2]
*** Python threads support is disabled. You can enable it with --enable-threads ***
Python main interpreter initialized at 0x205e710
your server socket listen backlog is limited to 100 connections
your mercy for graceful operations on workers is 60 seconds
mapped 145520 bytes (142 KB) for 1 cores
*** Operational MODE: single process ***
WSGI app 0 (mountpoint='') ready in 0 seconds on interpreter 0x205e710 pid: 18868 (default app)
*** uWSGI is running in multiple interpreter mode ***
spawned uWSGI master process (pid: 18868)
spawned uWSGI worker 1 (pid: 18869, cores: 1)
编辑 4：- 刚注意到
♥SIGINT/SIGQUIT received...killing workers...
worker 1 buried after 1 seconds
goodbye to uWSGI.
VACUUM: unix socket /tmp/mysite.sock removed.
所以每次我退出 uWSGI 时，套接字都会被删除。也许我应该关闭 vaccum 选项以便保留 chmod 设置？
我改了：
vacuum = false
但是...
(env1)ubuntu@ip-172-31-28-196:/tmp$ sudo chmod 777 mysite.sock
(env1)ubuntu@ip-172-31-28-196:/tmp$ ls -la
total 8
drwxrwxrwt 2 root root 4096 Mar 4 19:32 .
drwxr-xr-x 22 root root 4096 Mar 4 19:06 ..
srwxrwxrwx 1 ubuntu ubuntu 0 Mar 4 19:32 mysite.sock
(env1)ubuntu@ip-172-31-28-196:/tmp$ cd /home/ubuntu/
(env1)ubuntu@ip-172-31-28-196:~$ ls
host_type.py requirements.txt test.py tproxy
(env1)ubuntu@ip-172-31-28-196:~$ sudo /etc/init.d/nginx restart
* Restarting nginx nginx
...done.
(env1)ubuntu@ip-172-31-28-196:~$ uwsgi --ini /home/ubuntu/tproxy/tp/mysite_uwsgi.ini --wsgi-fi
st.py
[uWSGI] getting INI configuration from /home/ubuntu/tproxy/tp/mysite_uwsgi.ini
*** Starting uWSGI 2.0.9 (64bit) on [Wed Mar 4 19:36:42 2015] ***
.....
spawned uWSGI worker 1 (pid: 1568, cores: 1)
♥SIGINT/SIGQUIT received...killing workers...
worker 1 buried after 1 seconds
goodbye to uWSGI.
(env1)ubuntu@ip-172-31-28-196:~$ cd /tmp
(env1)ubuntu@ip-172-31-28-196:/tmp$ ls -la
total 8
drwxrwxrwt 2 root root 4096 Mar 4 19:36 .
drwxr-xr-x 22 root root 4096 Mar 4 19:06 ..
srw-rw-r-- 1 ubuntu ubuntu 0 Mar 4 19:36 mysite.sock
所以 chmod 没有被保留..
编辑 5：
(env1)ubuntu@ip-172-31-28-196:/tmp$ uwsgi --ini /home/ubuntu/tproxy/tp/mysite_uwsgi.ini --wsgi-file
test.py --chmod-socket=777
[uWSGI] getting INI configuration from /home/ubuntu/tproxy/tp/mysite_uwsgi.ini
*** Starting uWSGI 2.0.9 (64bit) on [Wed Mar 4 20:54:21 2015] ***
compiled with version: 4.8.2 on 03 March 2015 02:58:28
os: Linux-3.13.0-44-generic #73-Ubuntu SMP Tue Dec 16 00:22:43 UTC 2014
nodename: ip-172-31-28-196
machine: x86_64
clock source: unix
detected number of CPU cores: 1
current working directory: /tmp
detected binary path: /home/ubuntu/.virtualenvs/env1/bin/uwsgi
!!! no internal routing support, rebuild with pcre support !!!
your processes number limit is 7862
your memory page size is 4096 bytes
detected max file descriptor number: 1024
lock engine: pthread robust mutexes
thunder lock: disabled (you can enable it with --thunder-lock)
uwsgi socket 0 bound to UNIX address /tmp/mysite.sock fd 3
Python version: 3.4.0 (default, Apr 11 2014, 13:08:40) [GCC 4.8.2]
*** Python threads support is disabled. You can enable it with --enable-threads ***
Python main interpreter initialized at 0x18b4790
your server socket listen backlog is limited to 100 connections
your mercy for graceful operations on workers is 60 seconds
mapped 145520 bytes (142 KB) for 1 cores
*** Operational MODE: single process ***
failed to open python file test.py
unable to load app 0 (mountpoint='') (callable not found or import error)
*** no app loaded. going in full dynamic mode ***
*** uWSGI is running in multiple interpreter mode ***
spawned uWSGI master process (pid: 1858)
spawned uWSGI worker 1 (pid: 1859, cores: 1)
--- no python application found, check your startup logs for errors ---
[pid: 1859|app: -1|req: -1/1] 64.56.60.130 () {36 vars in 555 bytes} [Wed Mar 4 20:54:34 2015] GET
/ => generated 21 bytes in 0 msecs (HTTP/1.1 500) 2 headers in 83 bytes (0 switches on core 0)
现在收到内部服务器错误：
2015/03/04 19:33:26 [crit] 1531#0: *1 connect() to unix:///tmp/mysite.sock failed (13: Permission denied) while connecting to upstream, client: 64.56.60.130, server: 52.10.200.38, request: "GET / HTTP/1.1", upstream: "uwsgi://unix:///tmp/mysite.sock:", host: "52.10.200.38:8000"
将其更改为服务器 unix:///tmp/mysite.sock; 然后在您创建的 uwsgi ini 文件中，在 /tmp/