在每列的末尾添加一个模式

Question

假设我有一个类似于这种格式的文件：

"pop","hand stuff","test "
"non","no way","good "

除了只有 3 列外，它还有数百列。我想在每列的末尾添加 @ 所以输出是

"pop@","hand stuff@","test @"
"non@","no way@","good @"

如果我只有少量列，那么我可以

awk -F"," vOFS=, '{print "@","@","@"}'

但是如果我有很多列并且我不想在 awk 脚本中指定每一列，我该怎么做呢？

Answer 1

您可以像下面这样使用 awk 的 gsub 函数。

awk '{gsub(/",/, "@\",");sub(/"$/, "@\"")}1' file

示例：

$ echo '"pop","hand stuff","test "' | awk '{gsub(/",/, "@\",");sub(/"$/, "@\"")}1'
"pop@","hand stuff@","test @"

Answer 2

只要您的列不包含疯狂数据（具体来说，\", 嵌入在字符串中），sed 就更容易：

OSX/BSD:

sed -E 's/"(,|$)/@"/g'

GNU:

sed -r 's/"(,|$)/@"/g'

Answer 3

$ sed -r 's/("[^"]+)"/@"/g' file
"pop@","hand stuff@","test @"
"non@","no way@","good @"

adding a pattern to the end of each column