通过 django 数据库中的电子邮件和密码进行用户身份验证

Question

我是 django 的初学者。我正在开展一个项目，其中客户和公司拥有自己的帐户 models.py 是：

class Company_SignUp(models.Model):
   comp_name = models.CharField(_('Company Name'), max_length=30)
   email = models.EmailField(_('E-mail'), unique=True)
   raise forms.ValidationError("This email address already exists.")
   password1 = models.CharField(_('Password'), max_length=128)
   password2 = models.CharField(_('Confirm Password'), max_length=30)

   def __unicode__(self):
       return smart_unicode(self.comp_name)

class Customer_SignUp(models.Model):
   cust_name = models.CharField(_('Customer Name'), max_length=30)
   email = models.EmailField(_('E-mail'), unique=True)
   password1 = models.CharField(_('Password'), max_length=128)
   password2 = models.CharField(_('Confirm Password'), max_length=30) 

   def __unicode__(self):
       return smart_unicode(self.cust_name)

我的 forms.py 是：

class Company(forms.ModelForm):
    class Meta:
        model = Company_SignUp
        widgets = {
          'password1': forms.PasswordInput(),
          'password2': forms.PasswordInput(),
        }
        fields = ('email','password1','password2','comp_name')

    def clean(self):
        if 'password1' in self.cleaned_data and 'password2' in       self.cleaned_data:
            if self.cleaned_data['password1'] != self.cleaned_data['password2']:
                raise forms.ValidationError(_("The two password fields did not match."))
            elif len(self.cleaned_data['password1']) < 8:
                raise forms.ValidationError(_("The password must be 8 characters long."))

        return self.cleaned_data

class Customer(forms.ModelForm):
    class Meta:
        model = Customer_SignUp
        widgets = {
            'password1': forms.PasswordInput(),
            'password2': forms.PasswordInput(),
        }  
    def clean(self):
        if 'password1' in self.cleaned_data and 'password2' in self.cleaned_data:
            if self.cleaned_data['password1'] != self.cleaned_data['password2']:
                raise forms.ValidationError(_("The two password fields did not match."))
            elif len(self.cleaned_data['password1']) < 8:
              raise forms.ValidationError(_("The password must be 8 characters long."))

        return self.cleaned_data

我将如何使用公司或客户的电子邮件和密码对他们进行身份验证。我试过 authenticate() 但它不起作用。还有我将如何在注册过程中检查，给定的电子邮件地址已经存在

好的，现在我创建了一个后端：来自 django.contrib.auth.models 导入用户从 prmanager.models 导入 Company_SignUp, Customer_SignUp

class EmailBackend(object):
    def authenticate(self, username=None, password=None):
        try:
            o = Company_SignUp.objects.get(email=username, password1=password)
        except Company_SignUp.DoesNotExist:
            try:
                o = Customer_SignUp.objects.get(email=username, password1=password)
            except Customer_SignUp.DoesNotExist:
                return None
        return User.objects.get(email=o.email)
   def get_user(self, user_id):
       try:
          return User.objects.get(pk=user_id)
       except User.DoesNotExist:
           return None

但是现在我无法使用超级用户凭据登录管理页面。我该怎么办

Answer 1

型号

考虑像这样从 django.contrib.auth.models 扩展 User 模型。如果您不想这样做，请跳到下一节（身份验证）。

from django.contrib.auth.models import User

class Customer(User):
    # extra fields

User模型有username、first_name、last_name、email等常用字段，你只需要指定任何额外的您的模型可能具有的属性。

Django 文档建议扩展 AbstractBaseUser，这可能也适合您。

在此处阅读更多内容：https://docs.djangoproject.com/en/1.7/topics/auth/customizing/#extending-the-existing-user-model

身份验证

对于基于电子邮件的身份验证，您需要编写自己的身份验证后端：https://docs.djangoproject.com/en/1.7/topics/auth/customizing/#writing-an-authentication-backend

设置好后，您需要接受电子邮件/密码并使用 authenticate 和 login 进行身份验证。

from django.contrib.auth import authenticate, login

def my_view(request):
    email = request.POST['email']
    password = request.POST['password']
    user = authenticate(email=email, password=password)
    if user is not None:
        if user.is_active:
            login(request, user)
            # Redirect to a success page.
        else:
            # Return a 'disabled account' error message
    else:
        # Return an 'invalid login' error message.

上面的代码片段来自文档，我已经对其进行了修改以适合您的用例。

有关 Django 中身份验证的更多信息：https://docs.djangoproject.com/en/1.7/topics/auth/default/#how-to-log-a-user-in

通过 django 数据库中的电子邮件和密码进行用户身份验证

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