Selenium 中的简单文件上传片段在 Chrome 中有效，但在我的 Mac 中不适用于 Firefox

Question

感谢我已经得到了一些 Selenium 的帮助：

import contextlib
from selenium import webdriver

with contextlib.closing(webdriver.Chrome()) as driver:
    driver.get("http://www.bing.com/images")
    driver.find_element_by_id("sbi_t").click()
    element = driver.find_element_by_id("sbi_file_upload")
    element.send_keys("//Loch Ness Monster.jpg")

但是，当我从 webdriver.Chrome() 切换到 webdriver.Firefox() 时，我开始得到 selenium.common.exceptions.ElementNotVisibleException: Message: Element is not currently visible and so may not be interacted with。我的猜测是该错误与 Selenium 处理操作系统文件上传选择器对话框所执行的魔法有关。我认为这可能也是我尝试等待元素变得可见的原因不起作用的原因："magic" 不涉及元素变得可见。这是我尝试过的：

#  found via 
from selenium.webdriver.common.by import By
from selenium.webdriver.support.ui import WebDriverWait
from selenium.webdriver.support import expected_conditions as EC
...
WebDriverWait(driver, 10).until(EC.visibility_of_element_located((By.ID, "sbi_file_upload")))

我使用的是 Firefox 36.0.1、Selenium 2.45.0 和 Python 2.7.9。顺便说一下，当我将 Firefox 更新到 36.0.1 时，Selenium 已停止与 Firefox 一起工作，但我今天更新了我的 Selenium，我遇到的特殊问题就消失了。

Answer 1

您要向其发送密钥的元素的不透明度值设置为 0：

<input id="sbi_file_upload" name="imageBinary" type="file" accept="image/*" style="opacity: 0;">

并且Firefox（正确地）认为元素是不可见的：

>>> from selenium import webdriver
>>> driver = webdriver.Firefox()
>>> driver.get("http://www.bing.com/images")
>>> driver.find_element_by_id("sbi_t").click()
>>> element = driver.find_element_by_id("sbi_file_upload")
>>> element.is_displayed()
False

以下是实际导致我们看到的行为的相关问题：

这里的解决方案是 使 input 可见 以便我们可以将密钥发送给它。我发现了一种使输入可见的相当奇怪的方法 - 它涉及首先发送一个空文件值，然后返回并通过 execute_script() 使 input 可见。希望，您无需额外的 back() 步骤就能让它工作：

>>> driver = webdriver.Firefox()
>>> driver.get('http://www.bing.com/images')
>>> driver.maximize_window()
>>> 
>>> driver.find_element_by_id("sbi_t").click()
>>> 
>>> button = driver.find_element_by_id('sbi_gh')
>>> driver.execute_script('arguments[0].style.display = "block";', button)
>>> button.click()  # submitting the form, empty file
>>> 
>>> driver.back()
>>> driver.find_element_by_id("sbi_t").click()
>>> 
>>> file_input = driver.find_element_by_id('sbi_file_upload')
>>> file_input.is_displayed()
False
>>> 
>>> driver.execute_script('arguments[0].style = ""; arguments[0].style.display = "block"; arguments[0].style.visibility = "visible";', file_input)
>>> 
>>> file_input.is_displayed()
True

现在您可以将密钥发送到文件输入 - 经过测试，适合我。

Answer 2

@alexce 回答的轻微修改版本。这是我发现的唯一可以在我的机器上始终如一运行的东西。

from selenium import webdriver
from selenium.webdriver.common.by import By
from selenium.webdriver.support.ui import WebDriverWait
from selenium.webdriver.support import expected_conditions as EC
import selenium

driver = webdriver.Firefox()
driver.get('http://www.bing.com/images')

WebDriverWait(driver, 10).until(EC.visibility_of_element_located((By.ID, "sbi_t")))
driver.find_element_by_id("sbi_t").click()

try:
    WebDriverWait(driver, 1).until(EC.visibility_of_element_located((By.ID, "sbi_file_upload")))
    raise Exception("This never seems to happen")
except selenium.common.exceptions.TimeoutException:
    pass

button = driver.find_element_by_id('sbi_gh')
driver.execute_script('arguments[0].style.display = "block";', button)
button.click()  # submitting the form, empty file
driver.back()

WebDriverWait(driver, 10).until(EC.visibility_of_element_located((By.ID, "sbi_t")))
driver.find_element_by_id("sbi_t").click()
file_input = driver.find_element_by_id('sbi_file_upload')
driver.execute_script('arguments[0].style = ""; arguments[0].style.display = "block"; arguments[0].style.visibility = "visible";', file_input)
file_input.send_keys("//Loch Ness Monster.jpg")

Answer 3

解决方案'make the element visible in firefox ' 对我来说很棒

driver.execute_script('arguments[0].style = ""; 
arguments[0].style.display = "block"; 
arguments[0].style.visibility = "visible";', file_input)

Answer 4

试试这个，如果 is_displayed() 方法出现异常

from selenium import  webdriver

def is_Displayed(class_name):
    ele=driver.execute_script("return document.getElementsByClassName('"+class_name+"')[0].style.visibility = 'visible';")
    if ele=="visible":
        return True
    else:
        return False

def test_check_element():
    global driver
    driver=webdriver.Safari()//e.g Firefox() , Chrome()
    driver.maximize_window()
    driver.implicitly_wait(30)
    driver.get("url")
    submitBtn=driver.find_element_by_xpath("//button[@title='Submit']").get_attribute("class")


    if is_Displayed(submitBtn)== True:
        print "Displayed "
    else:
        print "Not Displayed"

Selenium 中的简单文件上传片段在 Chrome 中有效，但在我的 Mac 中不适用于 Firefox

Simple file upload snippet in Selenium works in Chrome but not Firefox on my Mac

python

firefox

selenium

google-chrome