JavaScript

Question

我正在使用 JavaScript 来切换通知，如下所示。如何在 display: block 和 display: none;

之间添加过渡

我不想添加像 jQuery 这样的外部库，因为我只会单独使用 toggle 效果。

var btn = document.querySelector('button');

btn.addEventListener('click', function(){
  var hint = document.getElementById('hint');
  if(hint.style.display == 'none'){
    hint.style.display = 'block';
  }
  else{
    hint.style.display = 'none';
  }

});

div#hint{
  background: gold;
  color: orangered;
  padding: .5em;
  font-weight: bold;
}

<div id='hint'>
  
  <p>This is some hint on how to be safe in this community </p>
   <p>This is another hint on how to be safe in this community </p>
  </div>

<button> show hint </button>

我知道我可以使用 jQuery 实现如下所示。

$(document).ready(function(){

$('button').click(function(){
$('#hint').toggle('slow');

});

});

div#hint{
      background: gold;
      color: orangered;
      padding: .5em;
      font-weight: bold;
    }

<script src="https://ajax.googleapis.com/ajax/libs/jquery/2.1.1/jquery.min.js"></script>
<div id='hint'>
      
      <p>This is some hint on how to be safe in this community </p>
       <p>This is another hint on how to be safe in this community </p>
      </div>

    <button> show hint </button>

我能否像上面的 jQuery 示例那样在 #hint 切换时让按钮逐渐上下移动？我不希望按钮从一个位置跳到另一个位置。

Answer 1

不使用css3transition，可以用js setInterval改变div的css属性，如：

将不透明度从 0 更改为 1
将高度从 0 更改为全高
将宽度从 0 更改为全宽

最初，您应该 display: none; opacity: 0; height: 0; width: 0'

那你必须先把display: none改成display: block;，然后再用setInterval改变其他属性。

（我想你知道如何隐藏 div）

你也可以使用 setTimeout()，递归的技巧。

Answer 2

@vothaison 的建议：CSS 转换

从技术上讲，@vothaison 想使用 setInterval 而不是 setTimeout，但我认为没有必要。这只是更多的工作。

var hint = document.getElementById('hint');
var btn = document.getElementById('btn_show');

btn.addEventListener('click', function(){
  var ctr = 1;
  hint.className = hint.className !== 'show' ? 'show' : 'hide';
  if (hint.className === 'show') {
    hint.style.display = 'block';
    window.setTimeout(function(){
      hint.style.opacity = 1;
      hint.style.transform = 'scale(1)';
    },0);
  }
  if (hint.className === 'hide') {
    hint.style.opacity = 0;
    hint.style.transform = 'scale(0)';
    window.setTimeout(function(){
      hint.style.display = 'none';
    },700); // timed to match animation-duration
  }
 
});

#hint {
  background: yellow;
  color: red;
  padding: 16px;
  margin-bottom: 10px;
  opacity: 0;
  transform: scale(0);
  transition: .6s ease opacity,.6s ease transform;
}

<div id="hint" style="display: none;">
  <p>This is some hint on how to be safe in this community </p>
  <p>This is another hint on how to be safe in this community </p>
</div>

<button id="btn_show"> Show hint </button>

使用 CSS 动画

var hint = document.getElementById('hint');
var btn = document.getElementById('btn_show');

btn.addEventListener('click', function(){
  hint.className = hint.className !== 'show' ? 'show' : 'hide';
  if (hint.className === 'show') {
    setTimeout(function(){
      hint.style.display = 'block';
    },0); // timed to occur immediately
  }
  if (hint.className === 'hide') {
    setTimeout(function(){
      hint.style.display = 'none';
    },700); // timed to match animation-duration
  }
});

@-webkit-keyframes in {
  0% { -webkit-transform: scale(0) rotate(12deg); opacity: 0; visibility: hidden;  }
  100% { -webkit-transform: scale(1) rotate(0); opacity: 1; visibility: visible; }
}

@keyframes in {
  0% { transform: scale(0) rotate(12deg); opacity: 0; visibility: hidden;  }
  100% { transform: scale(1) rotate(0); opacity: 1; visibility: visible; }
}

@-webkit-keyframes out {
  0% { -webkit-transform: scale(1) rotate(0); opacity: 1; visibility: visible; }
  100% { -webkit-transform: scale(0) rotate(-12deg); opacity: 0; visibility: hidden; }
}

@keyframes out {
  0% { transform: scale(1) rotate(0); opacity: 1; visibility: visible; }
  100% { transform: scale(0) rotate(-12deg); opacity: 0; visibility: hidden;  }
}

#hint {
  background: yellow;
  color: red;
  padding: 16px;
  margin-bottom: 10px;
}

#hint.show {
  -webkit-animation: in 700ms ease both;
  animation: in 700ms ease both;
}

#hint.hide {
  -webkit-animation: out 700ms ease both;
  animation: out 700ms ease both;
}

<div id="hint" style="display: none;">
  <p>This is some hint on how to be safe in this community </p>
  <p>This is another hint on how to be safe in this community </p>
</div>

<button id="btn_show"> Show hint </button>

使用原版 JavaScript

有很多很多方法可以用普通 JavaScript 做这种事情，所以这里是一种方法的快速草图：

// you may need to polyfill requestAnimationFrame

var hint = document.getElementById('hint');
var btn = document.getElementById('btn_show');

btn.addEventListener('click', function(){
  var ctr = 0;
  hint.className = hint.className !== 'show' ? 'show' : 'hide';
  
  if (hint.className === 'show') {
    window.setTimeout(function(){
      hint.style.display = 'block';
      fadein();
    },0); // do this asap        
  }
  
  if (hint.className === 'hide') {
    fadeout();
    window.setTimeout(function(){
      hint.style.display = 'none';
    },700); // time this to fit the animation
  }
  
  function fadein(){
    hint.style.opacity = ctr !== 10 ? '0.'+ctr : 1;
    hint.style.transform = ctr !== 10 ? 'scale('+('0.'+ctr)+')' : 'scale(1)';
    ctr++;
    
    if (ctr < 11)
      requestAnimationFrame(fadein);
    
    else
      ctr = 0;
  }

  function fadeout(){
    hint.style.opacity = 1 - ('0.'+ctr);
    hint.style.transform = 'scale('+(1 - ('0.'+ctr))+')';
    ctr++;
    
    if (ctr < 10)
      requestAnimationFrame(fadeout);
    else
      ctr = 0;
  }
});

#hint {
  background: yellow;
  color: red;
  padding: 16px;
  margin-bottom: 10px;
  opacity: 0;
}

<div id="hint" style="display: none;">
  <p>This is some hint on how to be safe in this community </p>
  <p>This is another hint on how to be safe in this community </p>
</div>

<button id="btn_show"> Show hint </button>

说出你对 GreenSock 的看法，Velocity.js、jQuery 等——它们都简化了显示和隐藏事物的过程。为什么不直接从 jQuery 的源代码中借用显示和隐藏功能？

Answer 3

这个我也试过
看看能不能帮到你

var btn = document.querySelector('button');
var hint = document.getElementById('hint');
hint.style.opacity = 1;
hint.style.transition = "opacity 1s";

btn.addEventListener('click', function(){

  if(hint.style.opacity == 0 || hint.style.opacity==''){
    hint.style.opacity = 1;

  }
  else{
   hint.style.opacity = 0;

  }

});

Answer 4

var btn = document.querySelector('button');

btn.addEventListener('click', function(){
  var hint = document.getElementById('hint');
  if(hint.style.visibility == 'hidden'){
    hint.style.visibility = 'visible';
     hint.style.opacity = '1';
  }
  else{
    hint.style.visibility = 'hidden';
     hint.style.opacity = '0';
  }

});

div#hint{
  background: gold;
  color: orangered;
  padding: .5em;

  font-weight: bold;
  transition: visibility 1s, opacity 0.5s linear;
}

<div id='hint'>
  
  <p>This is some hint on how to be safe in this community </p>
   <p>This is another hint on how to be safe in this community </p>
  </div>

<button> show hint </button>

我认为在显示上使用可见性是更好的选择

Answer 5

请参阅下面的示例：

var btn = document.querySelector('button');
var hint = document.getElementById('hint');
var height = hint.clientHeight;
var width = hint.clientWidth;
console.log(width + 'x' + height);
// initialize them (within hint.style)
hint.style.height = height + 'px';
hint.style.width = width + 'px';

btn.addEventListener('click', function(){
  if(hint.style.visibility == 'hidden'){
    hint.style.visibility = 'visible';
    //hint.style.opacity = '1';
    hint.style.height = height + 'px';
    hint.style.width = width + 'px';
    hint.style.padding = '.5em';
  }
  else{
    hint.style.visibility = 'hidden';
    //hint.style.opacity = '0';
    hint.style.height = '0';
    hint.style.width = '0';
    hint.style.padding = '0';
  }

});

div#hint{
  background: gold;
  color: orangered;
  padding: .5em;
  box-sizing: border-box;
  overflow: hidden;

  font-weight: bold;
  transition: height 1s, width 1s, padding 1s, visibility 1s, opacity 0.5s ease-out;
}

<div id='hint'>
  
  <p>This is some hint on how to be safe in this community </p>
  <p>This is another hint on how to be safe in this community </p>
</div>

<button> show hint </button>

Answer 6

尝试这样的事情：

var btn = document.querySelector('button');

btn.addEventListener('click', function(){
  var hint = document.getElementById('hint');

  hint.classList.toggle("hide");
});

.hint{
  background: gold;
  color: orangered;
  padding: .5em;
  font-weight: bold;
  
  visibility: visible;
  opacity: 1;
  max-height: 500px;
  transition: visibility 0s, opacity 0.3s, max-height 0.6s linear;
}

.hide {
  visibility: hidden;
  opacity: 0;
  max-height: 0px;
  transition: max-height 0.3s, opacity 0.3s, visibility 0.3s linear;
}

<div id='hint' class="hint">
  
  <p>This is some hint on how to be safe in this community </p>
   <p>This is another hint on how to be safe in this community </p>
  </div>

<button> show hint </button>

Answer 7

您好，我不使用 display: block 到 display:none 而是更改不透明度、高度和填充请评论这个：

var btn = document.querySelector('button');

btn.addEventListener('click', function() {
  var hint = document.getElementById('hint');
  if (hint.classList.contains('h-hide')) {
    hint.classList.remove('h-hide');
  } else {
    hint.classList.add('h-hide');
  }
});

div#hint {
  display: block;
  background: gold;
  color: orangered;
  padding: .5em;
  font-weight: bold;
  transition: .5s all linear;
  opacity: 1;
  overflow: hidden;
  height: 100px;
}
#hint.h-hide {
  padding: 0;
  opacity: .25;
  height: 0;
}

<div id='hint'>

  <p>This is some hint on how to be safe in this community</p>
  <p>This is another hint on how to be safe in this community</p>
</div>

<button>show hint</button>

这种方法的缺点是我们必须保留 div#hint 高度，并在需要时使用 javascript 更改它。

Answer 8

let redBox = document.getElementById('redBox');
let blueBox = document.getElementById('blueBox');
let [redButton, blueButton] = document.querySelectorAll('button'); //Destructuring 

redButton.addEventListener('click', () => {
    smoothDisplayNone(redBox);
});

blueButton.addEventListener('click', () => {
    smoothDisplayNone(blueBox);
});


//By using smoothDisplayNone() function, you can add this effect to whatever element you want.
function smoothDisplayNone(selectedElement){
    if(!selectedElement.classList.contains('animationDisplayNone')){
        selectedElement.classList.add('animationDisplayNone'); 
        selectedElement.classList.remove('animationDisplayBlock');
    }
    else{
        selectedElement.classList.remove('animationDisplayNone');
        selectedElement.classList.add('animationDisplayBlock'); 
    }
}

#redBox{
    width: 200px;
    height: 200px;
    background-color: red;
}

#blueBox{
    width: 200px;
    height: 200px;
    background-color: blue;
}

.animationDisplayNone{
    animation: smoothDisplayNone 0.5s linear forwards;
}

.animationDisplayBlock{
    animation: smoothDisplayBlock 0.5s linear forwards;
}

/*You should set the width and height according to the size of your element*/
@keyframes smoothDisplayBlock{
    0% { opacity: 0; width: 0px; height: 0px; }
    25% { opacity: 0.25; }
    50% { opacity: 0.50; }
    75% { opacity: 0.75; }
    100% { opacity: 1; width: 200px; height: 200px; }
}

@keyframes smoothDisplayNone {
    0% { opacity: 1; width: 200px; height: 200px; }
    25% { opacity: 0.75; }
    50% { opacity: 0.50; }
    75% { opacity: 0.25; }
    100% { opacity: 0; width: 0px; height: 0px; }
}

<div id="redBox"></div>
<div id="blueBox"></div>
<button type="button" style="margin-top:10px;">Red</button>
<button type="button" style="margin-top:10px;">Blue</button>

代码乍看很长，其实很容易理解。我使用了 css 动画的强大功能来创建平滑效果。您可以轻松使用 smoothDisplayNone() 函数。

JavaScript - 在 display:none 和 display:block 之间添加过渡

JavaScript - add transition between display:none and display:block

transition

display

@vothaison 的建议：CSS 转换

使用 CSS 动画

使用原版 JavaScript