XlsxWriter：仅锁定特定单元格

Question

我正在使用 xlsxwriter 创建 xlsx 文件并希望保护特定单元格（例如 B2:B20 范围内的所有单元格）。该文档说您可以使用 worksheet.protect() 方法 - 它默认打开对整个工作表的保护 - 然后您可以使用 workbook.add_format({'locked': 0}) 解锁特定单元格。但我想反之亦然——我只想锁定特定范围的单元格，并让工作表的其余部分保持解锁状态。我该怎么做？

Answer 1

方法与Excel相同：set an unlock format for the entire sheet.

在 Excel 和 XlsxWriter 中，这转化为为所有列设置解锁格式。像这样：

import xlsxwriter

workbook = xlsxwriter.Workbook('protection.xlsx')
worksheet = workbook.add_worksheet()

# Create some cell formats with protection properties.
unlocked = workbook.add_format({'locked': False})
locked   = workbook.add_format({'locked': True})

# Format the worksheet to unlock all cells.
worksheet.set_column('A:XDF', None, unlocked)

# Turn worksheet protection on.
worksheet.protect()

# Write a locked and an unlocked cell.
worksheet.write('B1', 'Cell A1 is locked. It cannot be edited.')
worksheet.write('B2', 'Cell A2 is unlocked. It can be edited.')
worksheet.write('B3', 'Cell A3 is unlocked. It can be edited.')

worksheet.write('A1', 'Hello', locked  )  
worksheet.write('A2', 'Hello', unlocked)
worksheet.write('A3', 'Hello'          ) # Unlocked by default.

workbook.close()

Answer 2

您可以使用以下代码来保护单个或多个 sheet excel 文件的特定单元格范围。

注意：此函数假设Excel文件已经生成。

def protectCell(excelFilePath, protectCellRange='a1:b1', sheetName = 'Sheet1'):
    ''' 
    To protect the range of cell in an Excel file.
    arguments:
        1. excelFilePath : path of excel file.
        2. protectCellRange : Range of cells to protect. default is a1:b1
        3. sheetName : name of the sheet present in Excel file. Default is Sheet1
        
        Currently it supports column from A to Z only. i.e 0 to 25 columns 
        
    '''
    protectCellRange = protectCellRange.lower() 
    temp = list(string.ascii_lowercase)
    # refer = {'a':0, 'b':1, 'c':2, 'd':3, 'e':4}
    refer = {}
    for i, item in enumerate(temp):
        refer[item] = i
        
    writer = pd.ExcelWriter(excelFilePath, engine='xlsxwriter')
    TotalDf = pd.read_excel(excelFilePath, sheet_name = None, header= None)
    for sheet in TotalDf.keys():
        if sheet == sheetName:
            df = TotalDf[sheetName]
            # workbook = xlsxwriter.Workbook('excelFilePath='./temp/protection.xlsx')
            # worksheet = workbook.add_worksheet()
            df.to_excel(writer, sheet_name = sheetName, header= False, index=False)
            workbook = writer.book
            worksheet = writer.sheets[sheetName]
            # Create some cell formats with protection properties.
            unlocked = workbook.add_format({'locked': False, 'font_size': 9, 'text_wrap': True, 'align': 'left', 'valign': 'top',})
            locked   = workbook.add_format({'locked': True, 'font_size': 9, 'text_wrap': True, 'align': 'left', 'valign': 'top',})
            
            # Format the worksheet to unlock all cells.
            worksheet.set_column('A:C', 20, unlocked)
            
            # Turn worksheet protection on.
            worksheet.protect()
            
            startPointer = protectCellRange.split(':')[0]
            endPointer = protectCellRange.split(':')[-1]
            
            if len(startPointer) < 1 or len(endPointer) < 1:
                print(f'Please specify correct cell range. Specified range is {protectCellRange}')
                return 'Failure'
            
            colRange = range(refer[startPointer[0]],refer[endPointer[0]] + 1 ) 
            rowRange = range(int(startPointer[1:]), int(endPointer[1:]) + 1 )
            for col in colRange:
                for row in rowRange:
                    c = [k for k,v in refer.items() if v == col][0].upper()
                    print(col,row)
                    try:
                        value = df[col].iloc[row-1]
                        #print(f'value is ::: {value}')
                        worksheet.write(c+str(row), value, locked, )
                    except:
                        print(f'exception in Cell: {c+str(row)}')
        else:
            df = TotalDf[sheet]
            df.to_excel(writer,sheet_name = sheet, header= False, index=False)
            workbook = writer.book
            worksheet = writer.sheets[sheet]
            wrap_format = workbook.add_format({'text_wrap': True, 'align': 'left', 'valign': 'top'})
            worksheet.set_column('A:E', 20, wrap_format)
    workbook.worksheets_objs.sort(key=lambda x: x.name)    
    writer.save()
    writer.close()  
    workbook.close()
    print(f'Excel File is protected for section {protectCellRange}')
    return 'Success'

#============================================ ===============================

使用所有必需的参数调用函数

protectCell(excelFilePath='./Cell_protection.xlsx',
            protectCellRange = 'A4:C7', sheetName = 'ABC')

protectCell(excelFilePath='./Cell_protection.xlsx',
                protectCellRange = 'A4:', sheetName = 'ABC')
#Range is not mentioned properly

protectCell(excelFilePath='./Cell_protection.xlsx',
                    protectCellRange = ':C7', sheetName = 'ABC')
#Range is not mentioned properly

XlsxWriter：仅锁定特定单元格

XlsxWriter: lock only specific cells

excel-2010

python-3.x

xlsxwriter