图片未使用 Django/Nginx

Question

我似乎无法弄清楚为什么我的图像没有被提供而我的其他静态文件被提供。

我正在关注这个 tutorial，除了没有提供图像外，一切正常。但是会提供所有其他静态文件（css、js 等）。

我已经尝试查看 Django Docs、一些 SO 帖子和 Nginx 文档。

阅读以上内容后，我尝试将静态文件移动到不同的地方并包括 STATICFILES_DIR。看起来静态文件正在被 Nginx 找到并提供服务（除了 img 目录）。当我使用 Chrome 开发人员工具检查源代码时，我可以看到 css 和 js 文件，但看不到 img 目录和文件。

非常感谢大家提供的任何帮助！

Settings.py

import os

# Build paths inside the project like this: os.path.join(BASE_DIR, ...)
BASE_DIR = os.path.dirname(os.path.dirname(os.path.abspath(__file__)))
SETTINGS_PATH = os.path.dirname(os.path.dirname(__file__))

# TEMPLATE_DIRS = (
#     os.path.join(SETTINGS_PATH, 'templates'),
# )


# Quick-start development settings - unsuitable for production
# See https://docs.djangoproject.com/en/1.10/howto/deployment/checklist/

# SECURITY WARNING: keep the secret key used in production secret!
SECRET_KEY = '**'

# SECURITY WARNING: don't run with debug turned on in production!
DEBUG = False

ALLOWED_HOSTS = ['138.197.19.209']


# Application definition

INSTALLED_APPS = [
    'material',
    'material.frontend',
    'material.admin',
    'django.contrib.admin',
    'django.contrib.auth',
    'django.contrib.contenttypes',
    'django.contrib.sessions',
    'django.contrib.messages',
    'django.contrib.staticfiles',
    'ihc',
]

MIDDLEWARE = [
    'django.middleware.security.SecurityMiddleware',
    'django.contrib.sessions.middleware.SessionMiddleware',
    'django.middleware.common.CommonMiddleware',
    'django.middleware.csrf.CsrfViewMiddleware',
    'django.contrib.auth.middleware.AuthenticationMiddleware',
    'django.contrib.messages.middleware.MessageMiddleware',
    'django.middleware.clickjacking.XFrameOptionsMiddleware',
]

ROOT_URLCONF = 'ihc_data.urls'

TEMPLATES = [
    {
        'BACKEND': 'django.template.backends.django.DjangoTemplates',
        'DIRS': [],
        'APP_DIRS': True,
        'OPTIONS': {
            'context_processors': [
                'django.template.context_processors.debug',
                'django.template.context_processors.request',
                'django.contrib.auth.context_processors.auth',
                'django.contrib.messages.context_processors.messages',
            ],
        },
    },
]

WSGI_APPLICATION = 'ihc_data.wsgi.application'


# Database
# https://docs.djangoproject.com/en/1.10/ref/settings/#databases

DATABASES = {
    'default': {
        'ENGINE': 'django.db.backends.sqlite3',
        'NAME': 'mydatabase',
    }
}

# Password validation
# https://docs.djangoproject.com/en/1.10/ref/settings/#auth-password-validators

AUTH_PASSWORD_VALIDATORS = [
    {
        'NAME': 'django.contrib.auth.password_validation.UserAttributeSimilarityValidator',
    },
    {
        'NAME': 'django.contrib.auth.password_validation.MinimumLengthValidator',
    },
    {
        'NAME': 'django.contrib.auth.password_validation.CommonPasswordValidator',
    },
    {
        'NAME': 'django.contrib.auth.password_validation.NumericPasswordValidator',
    },
]


# Internationalization
# https://docs.djangoproject.com/en/1.10/topics/i18n/

LANGUAGE_CODE = 'en-us'

TIME_ZONE = 'UTC'

USE_I18N = True

USE_L10N = True

USE_TZ = True


# Static files (CSS, JavaScript, Images)
# https://docs.djangoproject.com/en/1.10/howto/static-files/

STATIC_URL = '/static/'
STATIC_ROOT = os.path.join(BASE_DIR, '../static/')

Nginx 站点可用

upstream app_server {
    server unix:/home/urban/run/gunicorn.sock fail_timeout=0;
}

server {
    listen 80;

    # add here the ip address of your server
    # or a domain pointing to that ip (like example.com or www.example.com)
    server_name 138.197.19.209;

    keepalive_timeout 5;
    client_max_body_size 4G;

    access_log /home/urban/logs/nginx-access.log;
    error_log /home/urban/logs/nginx-error.log;

    location /static/ {
        alias /home/urban/static/;
    }

    # checks for static file, if not found proxy to app
    location / {
        try_files $uri @proxy_to_app;
    }

    location @proxy_to_app {
      proxy_set_header X-Forwarded-For $proxy_add_x_forwarded_for;
      proxy_set_header Host $http_host;
      proxy_redirect off;
      proxy_pass http://app_server;
    }
}

Nginx 错误日志（样本）

2016/12/10 17:41:52 [error] 12773#12773: *52 open() "/home/urban/static/img/projects.png" failed (2: No such file or directory), client: 24.11.95.201, server: 138.197.19.209, request: "GET /static/img/projects.png HTTP/1.1", host: "138.197.19.209", referrer: "http://138.197.19.209/vizes/Projects"
2016/12/10 17:41:55 [error] 12773#12773: *54 open() "/home/urban/static/img/savings.png" failed (2: No such file or directory), client: 24.11.95.201, server: 138.197.19.209, request: "GET /static/img/savings.png HTTP/1.1", host: "138.197.19.209", referrer: "http://138.197.19.209/vizes/Projects"
2016/12/10 17:41:55 [error] 12773#12773: *52 open() "/home/urban/static/img/projects.png" failed (2: No such file or directory), client: 24.11.95.201, server: 138.197.19.209, request: "GET /static/img/projects.png HTTP/1.1", host: "138.197.19.209", referrer: "http://138.197.19.209/vizes/Projects"
2016/12/10 17:41:55 [error] 12773#12773: *55 open() "/home/urban/static/img/project_savings.png" failed (2: No such file or directory), client: 24.11.95.201, server: 138.197.19.209, request: "GET /static/img/project_savings.png HTTP/1.1", host: "138.197.19.209", referrer: "http://138.197.19.209/vizes/Projects"

Chrome 开发者工具控制台（以防万一）

loadScript @ tableau-2.js:28(anonymous function) @ tableau-2.js:32(anonymous function) @ tableau-2.js:33
Projects:94 GET http://138.197.19.209/static/img/projects.png 404 (Not Found)

Answer 1

我使用的一般清单是这样的：

确保文件存在于目录中：

ls -lah /home/urban/static/img/projects.png

确保该目录中的文件可被 nginx 用户读取：

# Note we are making these files world-readable here 
# alternatives are to use a common gunicorn/nginx user
# or to use a group for both the nginx & gunicorn users.
chmod 0755 /home/urban
find /home/urban/static -type d -exec chmod a+rx {} \; 
find /home/urban/static -type f -exec chmod a+r {} \;

如果 (1) 中不存在文件，请确保您有运行 collectstatic 管理命令。它将从您的 INSTALLED_APPS 复制所有 static 子目录并将它们复制到 STATIC_ROOT

图片未使用 Django/Nginx

Images not being served with Django/Nginx

python

django

nginx

gunicorn