Laravel 5.3 - 用户 Collection（关注者）的单个通知

Question

当我有一个 notifiable 用户时，将插入 notifications table 中的一个条目，并发送一个 mail/sms通过渠道完美运行。

问题是当我有一个 user collection，一个有 1k 用户关注我的列表，我 post 更新。以下是在 multi-user 案例中建议使用 Notifiable 特性时发生的情况：

1k mails/sms 已发送（问题不在此处）
1k 个通知条目添加到数据库的 notifications table

DB的notificationstable增加1k条通知似乎不是最优方案。由于 toArray 数据是相同的，并且数据库的 notifications table 中的其他所有内容对于 1k 行都是相同的，只有的区别是notifiable_id user notifiable_type.

开箱即用的最佳解决方案是：

Laravel 会发现它是 array notifiable_type
将单个通知保存为 notifiable_type user_array 或 user notifiable_id 0（零仅用于表示它是一个多通知用户）
Create/Use 另一个 table notifications_read 使用刚刚创建的 notification_id 作为 foreign_key 并插入 1k 行，仅这些字段：

notification_id notifiable_id notifiable_type read_at

我希望已经有一种方法可以做到这一点，因为我现在在我的应用程序中，并且很乐意在这种情况下使用内置的通知和渠道，因为我正在开火 emails /sms条通知，重复1k次我觉得没问题，但是需要优化的问题是相同的数据进入数据库。

任何thoughts/ideas在这种情况下如何进行？

Answer 1

是的，你是对的，我想使用默认的 Notifiable 特征，你可以创建一个 custom channel。

您可以检查 Illuminate\Notifications\Channels\DatabaseChannel class 的默认创建，并将其采用到一个 pivot-table 中。

希望这有助于创建一个具有支点的新频道 table。此外，为您自己的 Notifiable 特征实施 HasDatabasePivotNotifications 特征（或类似名称）。

Answer 2

2017-01-14 更新：实施了更正确的方法

快速示例：

use Illuminate\Support\Facades\Notification;
use App\Notifications\SomethingCoolHappen;

Route::get('/step1', function () {
    // example - my followers
    $followers = App\User::all();

    // notify them
    Notification::send($followers, new SomethingCoolHappen(['arg1' => 1, 'arg2' => 2]));
});

Route::get('/step2', function () {
    // my follower
    $user = App\User::find(10);

    // check unread subnotifications
    foreach ($user->unreadSubnotifications as $subnotification) {
        var_dump($subnotification->notification->data);
        $subnotification->markAsRead();
    }
});

如何让它发挥作用？

步骤 1 - 迁移 - 创建 table（子通知）

use Illuminate\Support\Facades\Schema;
use Illuminate\Database\Schema\Blueprint;
use Illuminate\Database\Migrations\Migration;

class CreateSubnotificationsTable extends Migration
{
    /**
     * Run the migrations.
     *
     * @return void
     */
    public function up()
    {
        Schema::create('subnotifications', function (Blueprint $table) {
            // primary key
            $table->increments('id')->primary();

            // notifications.id
            $table->uuid('notification_id');

            // notifiable_id and notifiable_type
            $table->morphs('notifiable');

            // follower - read_at
            $table->timestamp('read_at')->nullable();
        });
    }

    /**
     * Reverse the migrations.
     *
     * @return void
     */
    public function down()
    {
        Schema::dropIfExists('subnotifications');
    }
}

步骤 2 - 让我们为新的子通知创建一个模型 table

<?php
// App\Notifications\Subnotification.php
namespace App\Notifications;

use Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Model;
use Illuminate\Notifications\DatabaseNotification;
use Illuminate\Notifications\DatabaseNotificationCollection;

class Subnotification extends Model
{
    // we don't use created_at/updated_at
    public $timestamps = false;

    // nothing guarded - mass assigment allowed
    protected $guarded = [];

    // cast read_at as datetime
    protected $casts = [
        'read_at' => 'datetime',
    ];

    // set up relation to the parent notification
    public function notification()
    {
        return $this->belongsTo(DatabaseNotification::class);
    }

    /**
     * Get the notifiable entity that the notification belongs to.
     */
    public function notifiable()
    {
        return $this->morphTo();
    }

    /**
     * Mark the subnotification as read.
     *
     * @return void
     */
    public function markAsRead()
    {
        if (is_null($this->read_at)) {
            $this->forceFill(['read_at' => $this->freshTimestamp()])->save();
        }
    }
}

步骤 3 - 创建自定义数据库通知渠道
已更新：使用静态变量 $map 保留第一个通知 ID 并插入下一个通知（使用相同的数据），而无需在 notifications table[=18 中创建记录=]

<?php
// App\Channels\SubnotificationsChannel.php
namespace App\Channels;

use Illuminate\Notifications\DatabaseNotification;
use Illuminate\Notifications\Notification;

class SubnotificationsChannel
{
    /**
     * Send the given notification.
     *
     * @param  mixed                                  $notifiable
     * @param  \Illuminate\Notifications\Notification $notification
     *
     * @return void
     */
    public function send($notifiable, Notification $notification)
    {
        static $map = [];

        $notificationId = $notification->id;

        // get notification data
        $data = $this->getData($notifiable, $notification);

        // calculate hash
        $hash = md5(json_encode($data));

        // if hash is not in map - create parent notification record
        if (!isset($map[$hash])) {
            // create original notification record with empty notifiable_id
            DatabaseNotification::create([
                'id'              => $notificationId,
                'type'            => get_class($notification),
                'notifiable_id'   => 0,
                'notifiable_type' => get_class($notifiable),
                'data'            => $data,
                'read_at'         => null,
            ]);

            $map[$hash] = $notificationId;
        } else {
            // otherwise use another/first notification id
            $notificationId = $map[$hash];
        }

        // create subnotification
        $notifiable->subnotifications()->create([
            'notification_id' => $notificationId,
            'read_at'         => null
        ]);
    }

    /**
     * Prepares data
     *
     * @param mixed                                  $notifiable
     * @param \Illuminate\Notifications\Notification $notification
     *
     * @return mixed
     */
    public function getData($notifiable, Notification $notification)
    {
        return $notification->toArray($notifiable);
    }
}

第 4 步 - 创建通知
已更新：现在通知支持所有渠道，而不仅仅是子通知

<?php
// App\Notifications\SomethingCoolHappen.php
namespace App\Notifications;

use App\Channels\SubnotificationsChannel;
use Illuminate\Bus\Queueable;
use Illuminate\Notifications\Notification;
use Illuminate\Contracts\Queue\ShouldQueue;
use Illuminate\Notifications\Messages\MailMessage;

class SomethingCoolHappen extends Notification
{
    use Queueable;

    protected $data;

    /**
     * Create a new notification instance.
     *
     * @return void
     */
    public function __construct($data)
    {
        $this->data = $data;
    }

    /**
     * Get the notification's delivery channels.
     *
     * @param  mixed  $notifiable
     * @return array
     */
    public function via($notifiable)
    {
        /**
         * THIS IS A GOOD PLACE FOR DETERMINING NECESSARY CHANNELS
         */
        $via = [];
        $via[] = SubnotificationsChannel::class;
        //$via[] = 'mail';
        return $via;
    }

    /**
     * Get the mail representation of the notification.
     *
     * @param  mixed  $notifiable
     * @return \Illuminate\Notifications\Messages\MailMessage
     */
    public function toMail($notifiable)
    {
        return (new MailMessage)
                    ->line('The introduction to the notification.')
                    ->action('Notification Action', 'https://laravel.com')
                    ->line('Thank you for using our application!');
    }

    /**
     * Get the array representation of the notification.
     *
     * @param  mixed  $notifiable
     * @return array
     */
    public function toArray($notifiable)
    {
        return $this->data;
    }
}

步骤 5 - "followers"

的辅助特性

<?php
// App\Notifications\HasSubnotifications.php
namespace App\Notifications;

trait HasSubnotifications
{
    /**
     * Get the entity's notifications.
     */
    public function Subnotifications()
    {
        return $this->morphMany(Subnotification::class, 'notifiable')
            ->orderBy('id', 'desc');
    }

    /**
     * Get the entity's read notifications.
     */
    public function readSubnotifications()
    {
        return $this->Subnotifications()
            ->whereNotNull('read_at');
    }

    /**
     * Get the entity's unread notifications.
     */
    public function unreadSubnotifications()
    {
        return $this->Subnotifications()
            ->whereNull('read_at');
    }
}

步骤 6 - 更新您的用户模型
已更新：不需要 关注者 方法

namespace App;

use App\Notifications\HasSubnotifications;
use Illuminate\Notifications\Notifiable;
use Illuminate\Foundation\Auth\User as Authenticatable;

class User extends Authenticatable
{
    use Notifiable;

    /**
     * Adding helpers to followers:
     *
     * $user->subnotifications - all subnotifications
     * $user->unreadSubnotifications - all unread subnotifications
     * $user->readSubnotifications - all read subnotifications
     */
    use HasSubnotifications;

    /**
     * The attributes that are mass assignable.
     *
     * @var array
     */
    protected $fillable = [
        'name', 'email', 'password',
    ];

    /**
     * The attributes that should be hidden for arrays.
     *
     * @var array
     */
    protected $hidden = [
        'password', 'remember_token',
    ];
}

Laravel 5.3 - 用户 Collection（关注者）的单个通知

Laravel 5.3 - Single Notification for User Collection (followers)

php

laravel

laravel-5

laravel-5.3

2017-01-14 更新：实施了更正确的方法

如何让它发挥作用？