仅当它包含任何换行符时,如何才能从 stringstream 中读取一行?

How can I read a line from a stringstream only if it contains any newline?

我正在将一些网络数据作为 input_buffer.

读入字符串流

数据是由 LF 字符分隔的 ASCII 行。

input_buffer可能处于只有部分行的状态

我正在尝试调用 getline (),但仅当 实际上是 字符串流中的新换行符时才这样做。换句话说,它应该提取完整的行,但在缓冲区中保留部分行。

这是一个 MVCE:

#include <string>
#include <sstream>
#include <iostream>

int
main (void)
{
  std::stringstream input_buffer;
  input_buffer << "test123\nOK\n";
  while (input_buffer.str ().find ('\n') != std::string::npos)
    {
      std::string line;
      std::getline (input_buffer, line, '\n');
      std::cout << "input_buffer.str ().size: " << input_buffer.str ().size () << "\n";
      std::cout << "line: " << line << "\n";
    }
  return 0;
}

它目前没有终止,这里是输出的片段:

input_buffer.str ().size: 11
line: test123
input_buffer.str ().size: 11
line: OK
input_buffer.str ().size: 11
line: 
input_buffer.str ().size: 11
...

只有当它包含任何换行符时,我如何才能从字符串流中读取一行?

编辑:这里是另一个带有部分输入的代码示例:

#include <string>
#include <sstream>
#include <iostream>
#include <vector>

void
extract_complete_lines_1 (std::stringstream &input_buffer, std::vector<std::string> &lines)
{
  while (input_buffer.str ().find ('\n') != std::string::npos)
    {
      std::string line;
      std::getline (input_buffer, line, '\n');
      lines.push_back (line);
    }
}

void
print_lines (const std::vector<std::string> &v)
{
  for (auto l : v)
    {
      std::cout << l << '\n';
    }
}

int
main (void)
{
  std::vector<std::string> lines;
  std::stringstream input_buffer {"test123\nOK\npartial line"};
  extract_complete_lines_1 (input_buffer, lines);
  print_lines (lines);
  return 0;
}

这应该打印 "test123" 和 "OK",而不是 "partial line"。

如前所述 here,您可以覆盖缓冲区的 underflow 函数,以便它使用您可以指定的函数重新填充。

这是一个改编自 here 的例子:

#include <iostream>
#include <sstream>
#include <string>

class Mybuf : public std::streambuf {
    std::string line{};
    char ch{}; // single-byte buffer
protected:
    int underflow() override {
        if(line.empty()) {
            std::cout << "Please enter a line of text for the stream: ";
            getline(std::cin, line);
            line.push_back('\n');
        }
        ch = line[0];
        line.erase(0, 1);
        setg(&ch, &ch, &ch + 1); // make one read position available
        return ch; 
    }
public:
    Mybuf(std::string line) : line{line} {};
};

class mystream : public std::istringstream {
    Mybuf mybuf;

public:
    mystream(std::string line) : std::istringstream{}, mybuf{line}
    {
        static_cast<std::istream&>(*this).rdbuf(&mybuf);
    }
};

int main()
{
    mystream ms{"The first line.\nThe second line.\nA partial line"};
    for(std::string line{}; std::getline(ms, line); )
        std::cout << "line: " << line << "\n";
}

输出:

line: The first line.
line: The second line.
Please enter a line of text for the stream: Here is more!
line: A partial lineHere is more!
Please enter a line of text for the stream:

我认为 std::stringstream 不容易做到。我尝试使用 tellg ()seekg () 来操纵流位置,但它们的行为并不像我预期的那样。

我找到了使用 std::vector<char> 作为缓冲区的解决方案:

#include <string>
#include <sstream>
#include <iostream>
#include <vector>
#include <iterator>
#include <algorithm>

void
extract_complete_lines (std::vector<char> &buf, std::vector<std::string> &lines)
{
  auto pos = std::end (buf);
  while ((pos = std::find (std::begin (buf), std::end (buf), '\n')) != std::end (buf))
    {
      std::string line (std::begin (buf), pos);
      buf.erase (std::begin(buf), pos + 1);
      lines.push_back (line);
    }
}

void
print_lines (const std::vector<std::string> &v)
{
  for (auto l : v)
    {
      std::cout << l << '\n';
    }
}

int
main (void)
{
  std::vector<std::string> lines;
  const std::string test_input = "test123\nOK\npartial line";
  std::vector<char> input_buffer {std::begin (test_input), std::end (test_input)};
  extract_complete_lines_1 (input_buffer, lines);
  print_lines (lines);
  return 0;
}

它按预期打印前两行,"partial line" 留在向量中。


或者更好的是,std::vector<char>std::string 没有太大区别:

#include <string>
#include <sstream>
#include <iostream>
#include <vector>
#include <iterator>
#include <algorithm>

void
extract_complete_lines (std::string &buf, std::vector<std::string> &lines)
{
  std::string::size_type pos;
  while ((pos = buf.find ('\n')) != std::string::npos)
    {
      lines.push_back (buf.substr (0, pos));
      buf.erase (0, pos + 1);
    }
}

void
print_lines (const std::vector<std::string> &v)
{
  for (auto l : v)
    {
      std::cout << l << '\n';
    }
}

int
main (void)
{
  std::vector<std::string> lines;
  std::string input_buffer = "test123\nOK\npartial line";
  extract_complete_lines (input_buffer, lines);
  print_lines (lines);
  return 0;
}