使用 Jetty 的构造函数注入抛出 InstantiationException

Question

我觉得我在这里遗漏了一些明显的东西...

我有许多 JEE 过滤器和 Servlet 需要在运行时注入各种依赖项。

目前，我们将依赖项声明为字段，如下所示：

import javax.inject.Inject;

public class ThingFilter implements Filter {
    @Inject
    ThingDependency thing;

    ....

}

这在所有情况下都能正常工作。但是，如果我将其更改为使用构造函数注入，如下所示：

import javax.inject.Inject;

public class ThingFilter implements Filter {
    private final ThingDependency thing;

    @Inject
    public ThingFilter(ThingDependency thing) {
        this.thing = thing;
    }

    ....

}

...那么当运行在 WebSphere Liberty 下它工作正常，但当运行使用我们开始进行集成测试的嵌入式 Jetty 服务器时就不行了。（理想情况下，我们当然会为两者使用相同的东西，但那是另一个故事了。）我们得到的例外是：

org.eclipse.jetty.servlet.ServletHolder: java.lang.InstantiationException: com.thing.ThingFilter
        at org.eclipse.jetty.servlet.ServletHolder.makeUnavailable(ServletHolder.java:593)
        at org.eclipse.jetty.servlet.ServletHolder.initServlet(ServletHolder.java:652)
        at org.eclipse.jetty.servlet.ServletHolder.getServlet(ServletHolder.java:495)
        at org.eclipse.jetty.servlet.ServletHolder.ensureInstance(ServletHolder.java:782)
        at org.eclipse.jetty.servlet.ServletHolder.prepare(ServletHolder.java:767)
        at org.eclipse.jetty.servlet.ServletHandler.doHandle(ServletHandler.java:538)
        at org.eclipse.jetty.server.handler.ScopedHandler.handle(ScopedHandler.java:143)
        at org.eclipse.jetty.security.SecurityHandler.handle(SecurityHandler.java:548)
        at org.eclipse.jetty.server.handler.HandlerWrapper.handle(HandlerWrapper.java:132)
        at org.eclipse.jetty.server.handler.ScopedHandler.nextHandle(ScopedHandler.java:190)
        at org.eclipse.jetty.server.session.SessionHandler.doHandle(SessionHandler.java:1584)
        at org.eclipse.jetty.server.handler.ScopedHandler.nextHandle(ScopedHandler.java:188)
        at org.eclipse.jetty.server.handler.ContextHandler.doHandle(ContextHandler.java:1228)
        at org.eclipse.jetty.server.handler.ScopedHandler.nextScope(ScopedHandler.java:168)
        at org.eclipse.jetty.servlet.ServletHandler.doScope(ServletHandler.java:481)
        at org.eclipse.jetty.server.session.SessionHandler.doScope(SessionHandler.java:1553)
        at org.eclipse.jetty.server.handler.ScopedHandler.nextScope(ScopedHandler.java:166)
        at org.eclipse.jetty.server.handler.ContextHandler.doScope(ContextHandler.java:1130)
        at org.eclipse.jetty.server.handler.ScopedHandler.handle(ScopedHandler.java:141)
        at org.eclipse.jetty.server.handler.HandlerWrapper.handle(HandlerWrapper.java:132)
        at org.eclipse.jetty.server.Server.handle(Server.java:564)
        at org.eclipse.jetty.server.HttpChannel.handle(HttpChannel.java:318)
        at org.eclipse.jetty.server.HttpConnection.onFillable(HttpConnection.java:251)
        at org.eclipse.jetty.io.AbstractConnection$ReadCallback.succeeded(AbstractConnection.java:279)
        at org.eclipse.jetty.io.FillInterest.fillable(FillInterest.java:112)
        at org.eclipse.jetty.io.ChannelEndPoint.run(ChannelEndPoint.java:124)
        at org.eclipse.jetty.util.thread.QueuedThreadPool.runJob(QueuedThreadPool.java:672)
        at org.eclipse.jetty.util.thread.QueuedThreadPool.run(QueuedThreadPool.java:590)
        at java.lang.Thread.run(Thread.java:745)
Caused by:
java.lang.InstantiationException: com.thing.ThingFilter
        at java.lang.Class.newInstance(Class.java:427)
        at org.eclipse.jetty.server.handler.ContextHandler$Context.createInstance(ContextHandler.java:2510)
        at org.eclipse.jetty.servlet.ServletContextHandler$Context.createServlet(ServletContextHandler.java:1326)
        at org.eclipse.jetty.servlet.ServletHolder.newInstance(ServletHolder.java:1208)
        at org.eclipse.jetty.servlet.ServletHolder.initServlet(ServletHolder.java:611)
        at org.eclipse.jetty.servlet.ServletHolder.getServlet(ServletHolder.java:495)
        at org.eclipse.jetty.servlet.ServletHolder.ensureInstance(ServletHolder.java:782)
        at org.eclipse.jetty.servlet.ServletHolder.prepare(ServletHolder.java:767)
        at org.eclipse.jetty.servlet.ServletHandler.doHandle(ServletHandler.java:538)
        at org.eclipse.jetty.server.handler.ScopedHandler.handle(ScopedHandler.java:143)
        at org.eclipse.jetty.security.SecurityHandler.handle(SecurityHandler.java:548)
        at org.eclipse.jetty.server.handler.HandlerWrapper.handle(HandlerWrapper.java:132)
        at org.eclipse.jetty.server.handler.ScopedHandler.nextHandle(ScopedHandler.java:190)
        at org.eclipse.jetty.server.session.SessionHandler.doHandle(SessionHandler.java:1584)
        at org.eclipse.jetty.server.handler.ScopedHandler.nextHandle(ScopedHandler.java:188)
        at org.eclipse.jetty.server.handler.ContextHandler.doHandle(ContextHandler.java:1228)
        at org.eclipse.jetty.server.handler.ScopedHandler.nextScope(ScopedHandler.java:168)
        at org.eclipse.jetty.servlet.ServletHandler.doScope(ServletHandler.java:481)
        at org.eclipse.jetty.server.session.SessionHandler.doScope(SessionHandler.java:1553)
        at org.eclipse.jetty.server.handler.ScopedHandler.nextScope(ScopedHandler.java:166)
        at org.eclipse.jetty.server.handler.ContextHandler.doScope(ContextHandler.java:1130)
        at org.eclipse.jetty.server.handler.ScopedHandler.handle(ScopedHandler.java:141)
        at org.eclipse.jetty.server.handler.HandlerWrapper.handle(HandlerWrapper.java:132)
        at org.eclipse.jetty.server.Server.handle(Server.java:564)
        at org.eclipse.jetty.server.HttpChannel.handle(HttpChannel.java:318)
        at org.eclipse.jetty.server.HttpConnection.onFillable(HttpConnection.java:251)
        at org.eclipse.jetty.io.AbstractConnection$ReadCallback.succeeded(AbstractConnection.java:279)
        at org.eclipse.jetty.io.FillInterest.fillable(FillInterest.java:112)
        at org.eclipse.jetty.io.ChannelEndPoint.run(ChannelEndPoint.java:124)
        at org.eclipse.jetty.util.thread.QueuedThreadPool.runJob(QueuedThreadPool.java:672)
        at org.eclipse.jetty.util.thread.QueuedThreadPool.run(QueuedThreadPool.java:590)
        at java.lang.Thread.run(Thread.java:745)
Caused by:
java.lang.NoSuchMethodException: com.thing.ThingFilter.<init>()
        at java.lang.Class.getConstructor0(Class.java:3082)
        at java.lang.Class.newInstance(Class.java:412)
        at org.eclipse.jetty.server.handler.ContextHandler$Context.createInstance(ContextHandler.java:2510)
        at org.eclipse.jetty.servlet.ServletContextHandler$Context.createServlet(ServletContextHandler.java:1326)
        at org.eclipse.jetty.servlet.ServletHolder.newInstance(ServletHolder.java:1208)
        at org.eclipse.jetty.servlet.ServletHolder.initServlet(ServletHolder.java:611)
        at org.eclipse.jetty.servlet.ServletHolder.getServlet(ServletHolder.java:495)
        at org.eclipse.jetty.servlet.ServletHolder.ensureInstance(ServletHolder.java:782)
        at org.eclipse.jetty.servlet.ServletHolder.prepare(ServletHolder.java:767)
        at org.eclipse.jetty.servlet.ServletHandler.doHandle(ServletHandler.java:538)
        at org.eclipse.jetty.server.handler.ScopedHandler.handle(ScopedHandler.java:143)
        at org.eclipse.jetty.security.SecurityHandler.handle(SecurityHandler.java:548)
        at org.eclipse.jetty.server.handler.HandlerWrapper.handle(HandlerWrapper.java:132)
        at org.eclipse.jetty.server.handler.ScopedHandler.nextHandle(ScopedHandler.java:190)
        at org.eclipse.jetty.server.session.SessionHandler.doHandle(SessionHandler.java:1584)
        at org.eclipse.jetty.server.handler.ScopedHandler.nextHandle(ScopedHandler.java:188)
        at org.eclipse.jetty.server.handler.ContextHandler.doHandle(ContextHandler.java:1228)
        at org.eclipse.jetty.server.handler.ScopedHandler.nextScope(ScopedHandler.java:168)
        at org.eclipse.jetty.servlet.ServletHandler.doScope(ServletHandler.java:481)
        at org.eclipse.jetty.server.session.SessionHandler.doScope(SessionHandler.java:1553)
        at org.eclipse.jetty.server.handler.ScopedHandler.nextScope(ScopedHandler.java:166)
        at org.eclipse.jetty.server.handler.ContextHandler.doScope(ContextHandler.java:1130)
        at org.eclipse.jetty.server.handler.ScopedHandler.handle(ScopedHandler.java:141)
        at org.eclipse.jetty.server.handler.HandlerWrapper.handle(HandlerWrapper.java:132)
        at org.eclipse.jetty.server.Server.handle(Server.java:564)
        at org.eclipse.jetty.server.HttpChannel.handle(HttpChannel.java:318)
        at org.eclipse.jetty.server.HttpConnection.onFillable(HttpConnection.java:251)
        at org.eclipse.jetty.io.AbstractConnection$ReadCallback.succeeded(AbstractConnection.java:279)
        at org.eclipse.jetty.io.FillInterest.fillable(FillInterest.java:112)
        at org.eclipse.jetty.io.ChannelEndPoint.run(ChannelEndPoint.java:124)
        at org.eclipse.jetty.util.thread.QueuedThreadPool.runJob(QueuedThreadPool.java:672)
        at org.eclipse.jetty.util.thread.QueuedThreadPool.run(QueuedThreadPool.java:590)
        at java.lang.Thread.run(Thread.java:745)

看起来它只是试图在不指定任何构造函数参数的情况下创建对象，这当然是行不通的。

我们这样创建嵌入式 Jetty 服务器：

String webAppPath = "...path to WAR";

WebAppContext webAppContext = new WebAppContext(webAppPath, "/");
JettyWeldInitializer.initWebApp(webAppContext);
webAppContext.addEventListener(new Listener());

server.setHandler(webAppContext);
server.start();

我做错了什么？

Answer 1

这个class中有默认构造函数吗？如果不这样做，您希望如何创建 class 的实例以传递给构造函数？

Answer 2

您不能挑选 Java EE 组件规范的各种实现（例如 servlet 和 jsp api 的实现，以及 CDI 实现，将它们放在一起并希望他们知道如何一起工作。

需要整合各个部分。

这就是 WebSphere、GlassFish、WildFly 等存在的原因。

您可以考虑使用 Arquillian 和 WebSphere Liberty

来驱动您的集成测试

Answer 3

Weld 的 Jetty 集成仍然需要默认构造函数。 servlet 规范非常明确，过滤器、servlet、侦听器不是托管组件，但支持注入点。因此，Weld 集成基于一个非托管实例，该实例满足注入点并且不将这些实例视为托管类，它的 Jetty 正在实例化 bean。特别是 Jetty 不允许您管理这些类的生命周期。看一下 JettyWeldInjector and AbstractInjector，这表明它只是在处理注入点。

使用 Jetty 的构造函数注入抛出 InstantiationException

Constructor injection with Jetty throws InstantiationException

java

jetty

cdi

jakarta-ee