pywin32：如何从进程句柄获取 window 句柄，反之亦然

Question

两个用例：

1. 枚举windows然后获取每个window

的进程句柄

2. 枚举进程然后获取每个进程的主应用window句柄

Answer 1

Enumerate windows and then get the process handle for each window

您需要这些 API：

• win32gui.EnumWindows() 枚举所有顶级 windows（即没有子 windows aka 控件）
• win32process.GetWindowThreadProcessId() 从 window handle
获取进程 ID
• win32api.OpenProcess() 从进程 ID 获取进程句柄

Enumerate processes and then get the main application window handle for each process

您需要这些 API：

• win32process.EnumProcesses() 枚举所有进程
• win32api.GetWindowLong() with arguent GWL_STYLE to get window styles and GWL_EXSTYLE to get extended window styles
• win32gui.GetParent()判断无主windows

通过使用 GetWindowThreadProcessId() 过滤 EnumWindows() 的结果，您可以获得属于给定进程的所有 windows。

确定 main window 可能会很棘手，因为没有单一的 window 样式可以将 window 指定为 主要window。毕竟，一个应用程序可能有 multiple main windows.

您最好使用与 taskbar uses to determine application windows 相同的规则，因为这是用户认为的 main windows:

The Shell places a button on the taskbar whenever an application creates an unowned window—that is, a window that does not have a parent and that has the appropriate extended style bits.

To ensure that the window button is placed on the taskbar, create an unowned window with the WS_EX_APPWINDOW extended style. To prevent the window button from being placed on the taskbar, create the unowned window with the WS_EX_TOOLWINDOW extended style. As an alternative, you can create a hidden window and make this hidden window the owner of your visible window.

使用GetParent()和GetWindowLong()根据这些规则确定拥有正确window样式的无主windows。