vc++ 但不是 gcc 中的运行时错误

runtime error in vc++ but not in gcc

我有这个程序,它使用 gcc 运行完美,但在 visual studio 2017 时出现 "vector subscript out of range" 运行时错误。在使用调试器时,它在函数调用 countWords(&v, "hello"); 上显示错误。我该如何解决?

#include <iostream>
#include <vector>
using namespace std;

struct Trie {
    int prefixes;
    int words;
    vector<Trie*> edges;
};

typedef Trie vertex;

void initialize(vertex *v)
{
    v->words = 0;
    v->prefixes = 0;
    v->edges.resize(26);
    for (int i = 0; i < 26; i++)
    {
        v->edges[i] = nullptr;
    }
}

void addWord(vertex* v, string word)
{
    if (word == "")
    {
        v->words++;
    }
    else
    {
        v->prefixes++;
        int k = word[0] - 'a' - 1;
        if (v->edges[k] == nullptr)
        {
            v->edges[k] = new Trie;
            initialize(v->edges[k]);
        }
        int word_len = word.length();
        addWord(v->edges[k], word.substr(1, word_len - 1));
    }
}

int countWords(vertex* v, string word)
{

    char k = word[0];
    if (word == "")
        return v->words;
    else if (v->edges[k] == nullptr)
        return 0;
    else
        return countWords(v->edges[k], word.substr(1, word.length() - 1));
}

int main()
{
    Trie v;
    initialize(&v);
    addWord(&v, "hello");
    countWords(&v, "hello");
    cin.get();
}

好吧:

int countWords(vertex* v, string word)
{

    char k = word[0];
    ...
        else if (v->edges[k] == nullptr)
    ...
        return countWords(v->edges[k], word.substr(1, word.length() - 1));
}

k 等于 'h',这对于索引名为 edges 的向量无效,导致:

vector subscript out of range

如你所说。

h 会给出 index 104,而你的向量大小为 26,因此你肯定会越界,导致 未定义的行为