根据列 id（顺序）将所选数据合并到同一行

Question

我有一个 table 组合，用于描述位置人流。主要 'travel_flows' table 的结构如下面第一个 table 所示。 'order_id' 列描述了流的顺序。

+-----------+------------+---------+-------------+----------+
| travel_id | purpose_id | name_id | location_id | order_id |
+-----------+------------+---------+-------------+----------+
|       434 |         23 |      55 |          85 |        1 |
|       212 |         43 |      55 |          45 |        2 |
|       411 |         41 |      55 |          17 |        3 |
|       148 |         23 |      32 |          32 |        1 |
|       153 |         11 |      32 |          19 |        2 |
+-----------+------------+---------+-------------+----------+

我试图使用 PostgreSQL 9.6 实现的是根据 'location_id' 和 [=19] 以二进制原点（从）/目标（到）格式按 'name_id' 对返回的行进行分组=]值，类似下面的table:

+-----------------+--------------+------------------+---------------+------------+----------------+
| from_purpose_id | from_name_id | from_location_id | to_purpose_id | to_name_id | to_location_id |
+-----------------+--------------+------------------+---------------+------------+----------------+
|              23 |           55 |               85 |            43 |         55 |             45 |
|              43 |           55 |               45 |            41 |         55 |             17 |
|              23 |           32 |               32 |            11 |         32 |             19 |
+-----------------+--------------+------------------+---------------+------------+----------------+

有什么方法可以通过 select 语句来实现吗？

Answer 1

您可以使用 lead window 函数执行此操作。

select * from (
select purpose_id,name_id,location_id,
lead(purpose_id) over(partition by name_id order by order_id) as to_purpose_id,
lead(name_id) over(partition by name_id order by order_id) as to_name_id,
lead(location_id) over(partition by name_id order by order_id) as to_location_id
from tbl
) t
where to_purpose_id is not null and to_name_id is not null and to_location_id is not null

Answer 2

您可以使用 Window 函数轻松实现此目的（参见 https://www.postgresql.org/docs/current/static/tutorial-window.html），具体来说，函数 lead():

with flow as (
  select
    name_id,
    purpose_id as from_purpose_id,
    lead(purpose_id) over w1 as next_purpose_id,
    location_id as from_location_id,
    lead(location_id) over w1 as next_location_id,
    order_id
  from travel_flows
  window w1 as (partition by name_id order by order_id)
)
select
  name_id, from_purpose_id, next_purpose_id, from_location_id, next_location_id
from flow
where next_purpose_id is not null
order by name_id, order_id
;

根据列 id（顺序）将所选数据合并到同一行

Combine selected data into same row based on column id (order)

sql

postgresql

grouping

sql-order-by

postgresql-9.6