Making/Implementing 数组列表的迭代器- Java

Question

MyArrayList 的代码class:

public class MyArrayList implements Iterable<Object> {
public static final int DEFAULT_SIZE = 5;
public static final int EXPANSION = 5;
private int capacity;
private int size;
private Object[] items;
private int currentSize;

public MyArrayList() {
    size = 0;
    capacity = DEFAULT_SIZE;
    items = new Object[DEFAULT_SIZE];
    this.currentSize = items.length;
}

@Override
public Iterator<Object> iterator() {
    Iterator<Object> it = new Iterator<Object>() {
        private int currentIndex = 0;

        @Override
        public boolean hasNext() {
            return currentIndex < currentSize && items[currentIndex] != null;
        }

        @Override
        public Object next() {
            return items[currentIndex++];
        }

        @Override
        public void remove() {
            throw new UnsupportedOperationException();
        }

    };
    return it;
}


        private void expand() {
            Object[] newItems = new Object[capacity + EXPANSION];
            for (int j = 0; j < size; j++) newItems[j] = items[j];
            items = newItems;
            capacity = capacity + EXPANSION;
        }

        public void add(Object obj) {
            try {
                if (size >= capacity) this.expand();
                items[size] = obj;
                size++;
            } catch (IndexOutOfBoundsException e) {
                System.out.println("There is an error adding this word." + e.getMessage());
            }
        }

        public int size() {
            return size;
        }

        public Object get(int index) {
            try {
                return items[index];
            } catch (ArrayIndexOutOfBoundsException e) {
                System.out.println("There is an error getting this word from position: " + e.getMessage());
            }
            return items[index];
        }


        public void add(int index, Object obj) {
            try {
                if (size >= capacity) this.expand();
                for (int j = size; j > index; j--) items[j] = items[j - 1];
                items[index] = obj;
                size++;
            } catch (IndexOutOfBoundsException e) {
                System.out.println("There is an error adding this word to array at position: " + e.getMessage() + ".");
            }
        }


        public boolean remove(Object obj) {
            for (int j = 0; j < size; j++) {
                if (obj.equals(this.get(j))) {
                    for (int k = j; k < size - 1; k++) items[k] = items[k + 1];
                    items[size] = null;
                    size--;
                    return true;
                }
            }
            return false;
        }

        public Object remove(int index) {
            try {
                Object result = this.get(index);
                for (int k = index; k < size - 1; k++) items[k] = items[k + 1];
                items[size] = null;
                size--;
                return result;
            } catch (IndexOutOfBoundsException e) {
                System.out.print("There is an error removing this word from position " + e.getMessage());
            }
            return null;
        }
 }

 }

主要方法的代码。（添加数据）

 public class adding{

static MyArrayList zoo = new MyArrayList() {


public static void printZoo() {
    System.out.print("The zoo now holds " + zoo.size() + " animals: ");
    for (int j = 0; j < zoo.size(); j++) System.out.print(zoo.get(j) + " ");
    System.out.println();
}
public static void main(String[] args) {

    String[] zooList = {"Cheetah", "Jaguar", "Leopard", "Lion", "Panther", "Tiger"};

    for (String x: zooList) zoo.add(x);
    printZoo();

    System.out.printf("\nTesting the iterator\n>> ");
    Iterator it = zoo.iterator();
    while (it.hasNext()) {
        System.out.print(it.next() + " ");
    }
    System.out.println();

    System.out.printf("\nTesting the iterator again without resetting\n>> ");
    while (it.hasNext()) {
        System.out.print(it.next() + " ");
    }
    System.out.println();

    System.out.printf("\nTesting the iterator again after resetting\n>> ");
    it = zoo.iterator();
    while (it.hasNext()) {
        System.out.print(it.next() + " ");
    }
    System.out.println();

    System.out.printf("\nTesting for-each loop\n>> ");
    for(Object animal: zoo) System.out.print(animal + " ");
    System.out.println();

    System.out.println("\nLetting all the animals escape");
    while (zoo.size()>0) zoo.remove(0);
    printZoo();

    System.out.printf("\nTesting the iterator with an empty list\n>> ");
    it = zoo.iterator();
    while (it.hasNext()) {
        System.out.print(it.next() + " ");
    }
    System.out.println();

    System.out.println("\nTest complete");


}
 }

所以我需要制作一个正确的迭代器，以便它可以使用 while 循环打印出数组列表的内容。

输出

 The zoo now holds 6 animals: Cheetah Jaguar Leopard Lion Panther Tiger 

 Testing the iterator
 >> Cheetah Jaguar Leopard Lion Panther  //Works fine

 Testing the iterator again without resetting
 >>  // This is still blank

Testing the iterator again after resetting
>> Cheetah Jaguar Leopard Lion Panther 

Testing for-each loop
>> Cheetah Jaguar Leopard Lion Panther // Works fine.

Letting all the animals escape
The zoo now holds 0 animals: //Is there a way to remove by changing the MyArraylist class instead of changing the added class?

Testing the iterator with an empty list
>> Tiger  //Still inaccurate.

很确定来自 MyArrayList class 的迭代器逻辑不准确。

Answer 1

通过使用

  static MyArrayList zoo = new MyArrayList() {
        @Override
        public Iterator<Object> iterator() {
            return null;
        }
    };

您声明了一个新的匿名内部 class，它覆盖了您在 MyArrayList 中定义的迭代器方法。所以只需将动物园构建为

static MyArrayList zoo = new MyArrayList();

应该没问题（除了您发布的代码段中缺少的 expand 方法）

Answer 2

您只需覆盖主 class 中的 Iterable<Object> 接口，return 一个空迭代器。

更改您的代码

static MyArrayList zoo = new MyArrayList() {
@Override
public Iterator<Object> iterator() {
    return null;
}};

到

static MyArrayList zoo = new MyArrayList();

Answer 3

嗯..它确实做了它应该做的事情。

您在声明 zoo 时用 null return 覆盖了 iterator() 方法（Adding.java 第 7-12 行）。

因此迭代器为空，java 将在您尝试访问迭代器的方法时立即抛出 NullPointerException。

2 件小事需要注意。请提供所有方法（缺少 expand()）并遵循名称惯例（class 个大写字母的名称）。

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