C# 中的后代没有给出正确的值

Descendants in C# do not give the right value

我是 XML 使用 C# 的新手,我有一个 XML 我需要通过父级中的特定子级 我需要获取 id 和调用变量 variables 我这样做了但每次都没有经过循环

我是否需要遍历 xml 的所有父级,直到得到我想要的树??

xml

<message xmlns="jabber:client" to="1072@finesse1.dcloud.cisco.com" id="/finesse/api/User/1072/Dialogs__1072@finesse1.dcloud.cisco.com__104Y2" from="pubsub.finesse1.dcloud.cisco.com">
<event xmlns="http://jabber.org/protocol/pubsub#event">
 <items node="/finesse/api/User/1072/Dialogs">
  <item id="460c2d27-c914-4c24-a95f-edf9f8df45c21535">
    <notification xmlns="http://jabber.org/protocol/pubsub">
      <Update>
        <data>
          <dialogs>
            <Dialog>
              <associatedDialogUri></associatedDialogUri>
              <fromAddress>1071</fromAddress>
              <id>18639330</id>
              <mediaProperties>
                <DNIS>1072</DNIS>
                <callType>AGENT_INSIDE</callType>
                <dialedNumber>1072</dialedNumber>
                <outboundClassification></outboundClassification>
                <callvariables>
                  <CallVariable>
                    <name>callVariable1</name>
                    <value></value>
                  </CallVariable>
                  <CallVariable>
                    <name>callVariable2</name>
                    <value></value>
                  </CallVariable>
                  <CallVariable>
                    <name>callVariable3</name>
                    <value></value>
                  </CallVariable>
                  <CallVariable>
                    <name>callVariable4</name>
                    <value></value>
                  </CallVariable>
                  <CallVariable>
                    <name>callVariable5</name>
                    <value></value>
                  </CallVariable>
                  <CallVariable>
                    <name>callVariable6</name>
                    <value></value>
                  </CallVariable>
                  <CallVariable>
                    <name>callVariable7</name>
                    <value></value>
                  </CallVariable>
                  <CallVariable>
                    <name>callVariable8</name>
                    <value></value>
                  </CallVariable>
                  <CallVariable>
                    <name>callVariable9</name>
                    <value></value>
                  </CallVariable>
                  <CallVariable>
                    <name>callVariable10</name>
                    <value></value>
                  </CallVariable>
                </callvariables>
              </mediaProperties>
              <mediaType>Voice</mediaType>
              <participants>
                <Participant>
                  <actions>
                    <action>ANSWER</action>
                  </actions>
                  <mediaAddress>1072</mediaAddress>
                  <mediaAddressType>AGENT_DEVICE</mediaAddressType>
                  <startTime>2017-09-15T19:23:36.872Z</startTime>
                  <state>ALERTING</state>
                  <stateCause></stateCause>
                  <stateChangeTime>2017-09-15T19:23:36.872Z</stateChangeTime>
                </Participant>
                <Participant>
                  <actions>
                    <action>UPDATE_CALL_DATA</action>
                    <action>DROP</action>
                  </actions>
                  <mediaAddress>1071</mediaAddress>
                  <mediaAddressType>AGENT_DEVICE</mediaAddressType>
                  <startTime>2017-09-15T19:23:36.609Z</startTime>
                  <state>INITIATED</state>
                  <stateCause></stateCause>
                  <stateChangeTime>2017-09-15T19:23:36.819Z</stateChangeTime>
                </Participant>
              </participants>
              <state>ALERTING</state>
              <toAddress>1072</toAddress>
              <uri>/finesse/api/Dialog/18639330</uri>
            </Dialog>
          </dialogs>
        </data>
        <event>POST</event>
        <requestId></requestId>
        <source>/finesse/api/User/1072/Dialogs</source>
      </Update>
    </notification>
  </item>
 </items>
</event>
</message>

那就是 代码

XElement xmlroots = XElement.Parse(parsingNewXML);
//Dialog = xmlroots.Element("Dialog").Value;
var CallVariable = parsingNewXML.Contains("CallVariable");
var startCall = parsingNewXML.Contains("ALERTING");

if (CallVariable == true && startCall == true)
{

    foreach (XElement callID in xmlroots.Descendants("Dialog"))
    {
        DialogID = callID.Element("id").Value;
        //System.Windows.MessageBox.Show(DialogID);
        System.Windows.Application.Current.Dispatcher.BeginInvoke(
        DispatcherPriority.Background,
        new Action(() => ((MainWindow)System.Windows.Application.Current.MainWindow).answerCall.Visibility = Visibility.Visible));
    }
    foreach (XElement callVariables in xmlroots.Descendants("CallVariables"))
    {
        foreach (XElement callVariable in xmlroots.Descendants("CallVariable"))
        {
            list = callVariable.Element("value").Value;
        }
    }
   // state = second.Element("state").Value;
}

我不确定您真正想要什么,但这会将 id 和调用变量提取到对话框对象列表中。如果你想使用 ling-to-xml 你需要先解析一个 XDocument,然后遍历所需的后代。最后用另一个循环从调用变量中获取值。

别忘了,要关心最后的异常。

        public class Dialog
        {
            public int id;
            public List<CallVariable> callVariables = new List<CallVariable>();
            public struct CallVariable
            {
                public string name;
                public string value;
            }

        }

        public List<Dialog> GetDialogsFromXml(string xml)
        {
            try
            {
                XDocument doc = XDocument.Parse(xml);
                List<Dialog> dialogs = new List<Dialog>();

                foreach (XElement item in doc.Root.Descendants("{http://jabber.org/protocol/pubsub}Dialog"))
                {

                    int dialogid = int.Parse(item.Element("{http://jabber.org/protocol/pubsub}id").Value);

                    List<Dialog.CallVariable> callvariables = new List<Dialog.CallVariable>();

                    foreach (XElement callVariableNode in item.Descendants("{http://jabber.org/protocol/pubsub}callvariables").FirstOrDefault().Descendants("{http://jabber.org/protocol/pubsub}CallVariable"))
                    {
                        callvariables.Add(new Dialog.CallVariable() { name=callVariableNode.Element("{http://jabber.org/protocol/pubsub}name").Value, value = callVariableNode.Element("{http://jabber.org/protocol/pubsub}value").Value });
                    }

                    dialogs.Add(new Dialog() { id = dialogid, callVariables = callvariables });

                }
                return dialogs;
            }
            catch (Exception e)
            {
                //handle if something goes wrong
                return null;

            }

        }

使用xml linq。您还需要使用命名空间来获取元素。您可以像我为对话框所做的那样通过获取 LocalName 来避免命名空间。 :

using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Linq;
using System.Text;
using System.Xml;
using System.Xml.Linq;

namespace ConsoleApplication1
{
    class Program
    {
        const string FILENAME = @"c:\temp\test.xml";
        static void Main(string[] args)
        {
            XDocument doc = XDocument.Load(FILENAME);

            XElement dialogs = doc.Descendants().Where(x => x.Name.LocalName == "dialogs").FirstOrDefault();
            XNamespace ns = dialogs.GetDefaultNamespace();

            var results = dialogs.Elements(ns + "Dialog").Select(x => new {
                id = (int)x.Element(ns + "id"), 
                associatedDialogUri = (string)x.Element(ns + "associatedDialogUri"),
                fromAddress = (string)x.Element(ns + "fromAddress"),
                dnis = (int)x.Descendants(ns + "DNIS").FirstOrDefault(),
                callType = (string)x.Descendants(ns + "callType").FirstOrDefault(),
                dialedNumber = (int)x.Descendants(ns + "dialedNumber").FirstOrDefault(),
                outboundClassification = (string)x.Descendants(ns + "outboundClassification").FirstOrDefault(),
                callVariables = x.Descendants(ns + "CallVariable").Select(y => new {
                    name = (string)y.Element(ns + "name"),
                    value = (string)y.Element(ns + "value")
                }).ToList(),
                participants = x.Descendants(ns + "Participant").Select(y => new
                {
                    actions = y.Descendants(ns + "action").Select(z => (string)z).ToList(),
                    namemediaAddress = (int)y.Element(ns + "mediaAddress"),
                    mediaAddressType = (string)y.Element(ns + "mediaAddressType"),
                    startTime = (DateTime)y.Element(ns + "startTime"),
                    state = (string)y.Element(ns + "state"),
                    stateCause = (string)y.Element(ns + "stateCause"),
                    stateChangeTime = (DateTime)y.Element(ns + "stateChangeTime")
                }).ToList(),
                state = (string)x.Descendants(ns + "state").FirstOrDefault(),
                toAddress = (int)x.Descendants(ns + "toAddress").FirstOrDefault(),
                uri = (string)x.Descendants(ns + "uri").FirstOrDefault()

            }).ToList();

        }
    }
}

第一个问题是您只是调用 Descendants("Dialog")Descendants("CallVariables") 等。它们在全局命名空间中查找元素 - 但您要查找的所有元素都是 实际上 http://jabber.org/protocol/pubsub 的命名空间中,因为:

<notification xmlns="http://jabber.org/protocol/pubsub">

当您看到 xmlns="..." 时,它为所有后代设置了默认命名空间。该默认值可以被指定命名空间的元素名称显式覆盖 - 或者它可以被另一个具有 xmlns=... 的后代更改。 (您的文档包含多级默认值。)

幸运的是,由于从 stringXNamespace 的隐式转换以及 XName +(XNamespace, string) 运算符,LINQ to XML 使得指定命名空间变得容易:

XDocument doc = XDocument.Parse(...);
XNamespace pubsub = "http://jabber.org/protocol/pubsub";
// Find all the descendants with a local name of "Dialog" in the
// namespace specified by the pubsub variable
foreach (XElement dialog in doc.Descendants(pubsub + "Dialog"))
{
    ...
}

作为第二个问题,请看第二个循环:

foreach (XElement callVariables in xmlroots.Descendants("CallVariables"))
{
    foreach (XElement callVariable in xmlroots.Descendants("CallVariable"))
    {
        list = callVariable.Element("value").Value;
    }
}

这里存在三个问题:

  • 您的文档中没有名为 CallVariables 的元素 - 取而代之的是 callvariables。 XML 区分大小写。
  • 我确定您不希望 every 调用变量在 every 调用变量元素中的组合.相反,我希望是这样的:

    foreach (var callVariables in doc.Descendants(pubsub + "callvariables"))
    {
        // Note use of Elements, not Descendants. You still need
        // the namespace part though...
        foreach (var callVariable in callVariables.Elements(pubsub + "CallVariable"))
        {
            // Do what you want
        }
    }
    
  • 目前您只是替换了循环体中的 list 变量,这意味着只有最后一次循环迭代才是真正有用的。

代码可能还有许多其他问题 - 解析 XML 然后检查 string 表示是否包含特定字符串似乎很奇怪(而不是检查特定元素的存在,例如)但这些应该让你开始。