Eclipse 的黄瓜错误

Question

当我在 Eclipse 中执行我的 Cucumber JUnit 测试时，我得到一个 java.lang.NoClassDefFoundError: gherkin/formatter/Formatter。

我的环境：

Eclipse Neon 4.6.3
JUnit 4.12
Cucumber-core 1.2.5
Cucumber-java 1.2.5
Cucumber-junit 1.2.5
Hamcrest-core 1.3

eclipse中对黄瓜的引用：eclipse\help\Installed软件 tab=cucumber Eclipse 功能版本 0.0.17.201704062133.

Eclipse 环境设置

enter image description here

POM.XML

<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
  <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
  <groupId>com.javacodegeeks</groupId>
  <artifactId>junitcucumber</artifactId>
  <version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version>
  <name>JUnit Cucumber Example</name>
  <description>JUnit Cucumber Example</description>
 <dependencies>

        <dependency>
            <groupId>info.cukes</groupId>
            <artifactId>cucumber-junit</artifactId>
            <version>1.2.5</version>
        </dependency>

        <dependency>
            <groupId>junit</groupId>
            <artifactId>junit</artifactId>
            <version>4.12</version>
            <scope>test</scope>
        </dependency>

        <dependency>
            <groupId>info.cukes</groupId>
            <artifactId>cucumber-java</artifactId>
            <version>1.2.5</version>
            <scope>test</scope>
        </dependency>

    </dependencies>
    <properties>
        <maven.compiler.source>1.8</maven.compiler.source>
        <maven.compiler.target>1.8</maven.compiler.target>
    </properties>
</project>

UserSteps.java

package junitcucumber;

import static org.hamcrest.CoreMatchers.is;
import static org.hamcrest.MatcherAssert.assertThat;
import static org.hamcrest.core.IsEqual.equalTo;

import cucumber.api.java.en.Given;
import cucumber.api.java.en.Then;
import cucumber.api.java.en.When;
import junitcucumber.User;

public class UserSteps {

    private User user = new User();

    @Given("^that the user (.*) is given a task to clear (.*) certification exam$")
    public void certificationName(String name, String certication) throws Throwable {
        user.setName(name);
        user.setCertification(certication);
    }

    @When("^(.*) got (\d+) marks in exam$")
    public void gotMarks(String name, int marks) throws Throwable {
        user.setName(name);
        user.setMarks(marks);
    }

    @Then("^(.*) is known as (.*) certified$")
    public void certifiedYes(String name, String certification) throws Throwable {
        assertThat(name, is(user.getName()));
        assertThat(user.getCertification(), equalTo("Java"));
        assertThat(user.getResult(), is(true));
    }
}

user.feature

Feature: User Certification

  Scenario: User is Passed
    Given that the user Vinod is given a task to clear Java certification exam
    When Vinod got 60 marks in exam
    Then Vinod is known as Java certified

UserTest.java

package junitcucumber;

import org.junit.runner.RunWith;

import cucumber.api.junit.Cucumber;

@RunWith(Cucumber.class)
public class UserTest {

}

User.java

package junitcucumber;

public class User {
    private String name;
    private String certification;
    private int marks;

    public String getName() {
        return name;
    }

    public void setName(String name) {
        this.name = name;
    }

    public String getCertification() {
        return certification;
    }

    public void setCertification(String certification) {
        this.certification = certification;
    }

    public int getMarks() {
        return marks;
    }

    public void setMarks(int marks) {
        this.marks = marks;
    }

    public boolean getResult() {
        if (this.marks < 60) {
            return false;
        } else {
            return true;
        }
    }
}

Eclipse 项目class路径： enter image description here

堆栈跟踪：

java.lang.NoClassDefFoundError: gherkin/formatter/Formatter
    at java.lang.ClassLoader.defineClass1(Native Method)
    at java.lang.ClassLoader.defineClass(ClassLoader.java:763)
    at java.security.SecureClassLoader.defineClass(SecureClassLoader.java:142)
    at java.net.URLClassLoader.defineClass(URLClassLoader.java:467)
    at java.net.URLClassLoader.access0(URLClassLoader.java:73)
    at java.net.URLClassLoader.run(URLClassLoader.java:368)
    at java.net.URLClassLoader.run(URLClassLoader.java:362)
    at java.security.AccessController.doPrivileged(Native Method)
    at java.net.URLClassLoader.findClass(URLClassLoader.java:361)
    at java.lang.ClassLoader.loadClass(ClassLoader.java:424)
    at sun.misc.Launcher$AppClassLoader.loadClass(Launcher.java:331)
    at java.lang.ClassLoader.loadClass(ClassLoader.java:357)
    at cucumber.runtime.formatter.PluginFactory.<init>(PluginFactory.java:53)
    at cucumber.runtime.formatter.PluginFactory.<clinit>(PluginFactory.java:52)
    at cucumber.runtime.RuntimeOptions.<init>(RuntimeOptions.java:70)
    at cucumber.runtime.RuntimeOptionsFactory.create(RuntimeOptionsFactory.java:25)
    at cucumber.api.junit.Cucumber.<init>(Cucumber.java:56)
    at sun.reflect.NativeConstructorAccessorImpl.newInstance0(Native Method)
    at sun.reflect.NativeConstructorAccessorImpl.newInstance(NativeConstructorAccessorImpl.java:62)
    at sun.reflect.DelegatingConstructorAccessorImpl.newInstance(DelegatingConstructorAccessorImpl.java:45)
    at java.lang.reflect.Constructor.newInstance(Constructor.java:423)
    at org.junit.internal.builders.AnnotatedBuilder.buildRunner(AnnotatedBuilder.java:104)
    at org.junit.internal.builders.AnnotatedBuilder.runnerForClass(AnnotatedBuilder.java:86)
    at org.junit.runners.model.RunnerBuilder.safeRunnerForClass(RunnerBuilder.java:59)
    at org.junit.internal.builders.AllDefaultPossibilitiesBuilder.runnerForClass(AllDefaultPossibilitiesBuilder.java:26)
    at org.junit.runners.model.RunnerBuilder.safeRunnerForClass(RunnerBuilder.java:59)
    at org.junit.internal.requests.ClassRequest.getRunner(ClassRequest.java:33)
    at org.eclipse.jdt.internal.junit4.runner.JUnit4TestLoader.createUnfilteredTest(JUnit4TestLoader.java:84)
    at org.eclipse.jdt.internal.junit4.runner.JUnit4TestLoader.createTest(JUnit4TestLoader.java:70)
    at org.eclipse.jdt.internal.junit4.runner.JUnit4TestLoader.loadTests(JUnit4TestLoader.java:43)
    at org.eclipse.jdt.internal.junit.runner.RemoteTestRunner.runTests(RemoteTestRunner.java:444)
    at org.eclipse.jdt.internal.junit.runner.RemoteTestRunner.runTests(RemoteTestRunner.java:678)
    at org.eclipse.jdt.internal.junit.runner.RemoteTestRunner.run(RemoteTestRunner.java:382)
    at org.eclipse.jdt.internal.junit.runner.RemoteTestRunner.main(RemoteTestRunner.java:192)
Caused by: java.lang.ClassNotFoundException: gherkin.formatter.Formatter
    at java.net.URLClassLoader.findClass(URLClassLoader.java:381)
    at java.lang.ClassLoader.loadClass(ClassLoader.java:424)
    at sun.misc.Launcher$AppClassLoader.loadClass(Launcher.java:331)
    at java.lang.ClassLoader.loadClass(ClassLoader.java:357)
    ... 34 more

Answer 1

您的 Java 构建路径中缺少 Gherkin JAR（请参阅屏幕截图中的 Referenced Libraries）：

将 Gherkin 添加为 pom.xml 的依赖项。
确保 Maven 依赖 > gherki-2.12.2.jar > gherkin.formatter > Formatter.class可用（如果没有，在Maven存储库中删除可能损坏的JAR并重建项目）。

Eclipse 的黄瓜错误

Cucumber error with Eclipse

java

eclipse

junit

cucumber

cucumber-junit