如何从另一个 Class 更改 JPanel？

Question

嗨，我是 Java 的新手，我遇到了以下问题：

我创建了一个 JFrame，我希望 JPanel 在单击 JButton 时发生变化。那几乎work.The唯一的问题是程序创建了一个新的window然后有两个windows。一个使用第一个 JPanel，一个使用第二个 JPanel。这是我当前的代码：

先class:

public class Program {

    public static void main (String [] args) {

        new window(new panel1());

    }
}

秒class:

import java.awt.Toolkit;
import javax.swing.JFrame;
import javax.swing.JPanel;

public class Window extends JFrame {

    private static final long serialVersionUID = 1L;

    Window(JPanel panel) {

        setLocation((int) Toolkit.getDefaultToolkit().getScreenSize().getWidth() / 2 - 200,
                    (int) Toolkit.getDefaultToolkit().getScreenSize().getHeight() / 2 - 100);
        setSize(400, 200);
        setTitle("test");
        setDefaultCloseOperation(JFrame.EXIT_ON_CLOSE);
        setResizable(false);
        setContentPane(panel);
        setVisible(true);

    }
}

第三个class:

import java.awt.event.ActionEvent;
import java.awt.event.ActionListener;
import javax.swing.JButton;
import javax.swing.JPanel;

public class Panel1 extends JPanel {

    private final long serialVersionUID = 1L;

    Panel1() {

        JButton nextPanelButton = new JButton("click here");

        add(nextPanelButton);

        ActionListener changePanel = new ActionListener() {
            @Override
            public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent event) {
                new window(new panel2());
            }
        };
        nextPanelButton.addActionListener(changePanel);

    }
}

第四个class:

public class Panel2 extends JPanel {

    private static final long serialVersionUID = 1L;

    Panel2() {

        JLabel text = new JLabel("You pressed the Button!");

        add(text);

    }
}

但我只想更改 JPanel 而无需打开新的 window。有办法吗？

提前致谢！

Answer 1

首先，看看 Java naming conventions，特别是你的 class 名字应该以大写字母开头。

如果你想避免每次点击按钮时都打开一个新的 window ，你可以将你的框架对象传递给 Panel1 构造函数，并在你点击时设置一个新的 Panel2 实例作为框架内容窗格按钮。也不需要将 Panel1 传递给 Window 构造函数（请注意 Window class 已经在 java.awt 包中定义，最好避免可能的名称冲突重命名您的 class 应用程序Window、我的Window 或其他名称）。

您可以这样更改您的代码（仅相关部分）：

public class Program
{
    public static void main (String [] args) {
        SwingUtilities.invokeLater (new Runnable () {
            @Override public void run () {
                new Window ().setVisible (true);
            }
        };
    }
}
class Window extends JFrame
{
    // ...

    Window () {
        // ...
        setContentPane(new Panel1 (this));
    }
}
class Panel1 extends JPanel
{
    // ...

    Panel1 (JFrame parent) {
        // ...
        ActionListener changePanel = new ActionListener() {
            @Override
            public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent event) {
                parent.setContentPane (new Panel2 ());
            }
        };
        // ...
}

另请注意 SwingUtilities 的 invokeLater 调用，这是在 EDT 上下文中初始化 GUI 的最佳方式（有关详细信息，请参阅 this question）。

最后，您可以避免每次单击按钮时都创建一个新的 Panel2 实例，只需使用 CardLayout。看看official tutorial。

Answer 2

这是一个演示

import javax.swing.*;

public class Main {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        SwingUtilities.invokeLater(() -> {
            new MainFrame("Title").setVisible(true);
        });
    }
}

MainFrame.java

import javax.swing.*;
import java.awt.*;

public class MainFrame extends JFrame {
    private JPanel viewPanel;

    public MainFrame(String title) {
        super(title);
        createGUI();
    }

    private void createGUI() {
        setDefaultCloseOperation(JFrame.DISPOSE_ON_CLOSE);
        setLayout(new BorderLayout());
        setMinimumSize(new Dimension(600, 480));

        viewPanel = new JPanel(new BorderLayout());
        add(viewPanel, BorderLayout.CENTER);

        showView(new View1(this));
        pack();
   }

   public void showView(JPanel panel) {
        viewPanel.removeAll();
        viewPanel.add(panel, BorderLayout.CENTER);
        viewPanel.revalidate();
        viewPanel.repaint();
   }
}

View1.java

import javax.swing.*;
import java.awt.*;

public class View1 extends JPanel {
    final private MainFrame owner;

    public View1(MainFrame owner) {
        super();

        this.owner = owner;
        createGUI();
    }

    private void createGUI() {
        setLayout(new FlowLayout());
        add(new JLabel("View 1"));

        JButton button = new JButton("Show View 2");
        button.addActionListener(event -> {
            SwingUtilities.invokeLater(() -> owner.showView(new View2(owner)));
        });

        add(button);
    }
}

View2.java

import javax.swing.*;
import java.awt.*;

public class View2 extends JPanel {
    final private MainFrame owner;

    public View2(MainFrame owner) {
        super();

        this.owner = owner;
        createGUI();
    }

    private void createGUI() {
        setLayout(new FlowLayout());
        add(new JLabel("View 2"));

        JButton button = new JButton("Show View 1");
        button.addActionListener(event -> {
            SwingUtilities.invokeLater(() -> owner.showView(new View1(owner)));

        });

        add(button);
    }
}

Answer 3

这是一个旧问题 post，但以简化的方式回答它可能会有用。感谢mcwolf先生的第一个回答

如果我们想让 1 个子 jframe 与主 jframe 交互以修改其内容，让我们考虑以下情况。 parent.java 和 child.java。所以，在 parent.java 中，我们有这样的东西：

Parent.java

public class Parent extends JFrame implements ActionListener{
    //attributes
    //here is the class we want to modify
    private some_class_to_modify = new some_class_to_modify();
    //here is a container which contains the class to modify
    private JPanel container = new JPanel();
    private some_class = new some_class();
    private int select;
    //....etc..etc
    //constructor
    public Parent(){
        this.setTitle("My title");
        //etc etc
        
        //etc....etc
        container.add(some_class_to_modify,borderLayout.CENTER);
    }
    //I use for instance actionlisteners on buttons to trigger the new JFrame
    public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent arg0){  
        if((arg0.getSource() == source_button_here)){
            //Here we call the child class and send the parent's attributes with "this"
            Child child = new Child(this);
        }
        //... all other cases
    }//Here is the class where we want to be able to modify our JFrame. Here ist a JPanel (Setcolor)
    public void child_action_on_parent(int selection){
        this.select = selection;
        System.out.println("Selection is: "+cir_select);
        if(select == 0) {
            //Do $omething with our class to modify
            some_class_to_modify.setcolor(Color.yellow);
        }
        
    }

在child.java中，我们会有这样的东西：

public class Child extends JFrame implements ActionListener {
    //Again some attributes here
    private blabla;
    //Import Parent JFrame class
    private Parent owner;
    private int select_obj=0;
    //Constructor here and via Parent Object Import
    public Child(Parent owner){
      /*By calling the super() method in the constructor method, we call the parent's 
      constructor method and gets access to the parent's properties and methods:*/
        super();
        this.owner = owner;
        this.setTitle("Select Method");
        this.setSize(400, 400);
        this.setContentPane(container);
        this.setVisible(true);
      }
    
    class OK_Button  implements ActionListener {
        public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent e) {     
                
                Object Selection = select;
                if(Selection == something) {
                    select_obj=0;
                    valid = JOptionPane.showConfirmDialog(null,"You have chosen option 1. Do you want to continue?","Minimum diameter",2);
                }
                System.out.println("Option is:"+valid);
                if(valid == 0) {
                    setVisible(false);
                    //Here we can use our herited object to call the child_action_on_parent public class of the Parent JFrame. So it can modify directly the Panel
                    owner.child_action_on_parent(select_obj);
                }
            }
    }

如何从另一个 Class 更改 JPanel？

How can I change the JPanel from another Class?

java

eclipse

jpanel

jframe

actionlistener